Comparative study of fine needle aspiration cytology and histopathology in thyroid nodules at a tertiary care hospital: First report from Somalia.

BACKGROUND: FNAC is a minimally invasive procedure and cost-effective, especially in developing countries where patients are mostly poor and surgery is not affordable. The present is the first study that examines the correlation between FNAC and histopathology in diagnosing thyroid cancers at a tertiary hospital in Somalia. METHOD: This study included 231 patients with thyroid lesions who underwent pre-operative FNACs and histopathologic examination over five years. Investigated clinical parameters include sociodemographic and clinical features and cyto-histopathological findings. RESULTS: The mean patient age was 39.3 ± 15.5 years, and there was a significant female predominance (n = 194; 84%), with a female to male ratio of 5.2:1. The overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy rate of cyto-histopathology correlation was 91.1%, 96.6%, and 94.9%, respectively. According to the Bethesda classification system of thyroid FNACs, (n = 141, 61%) of cases were Bethesda II (Benign), of which 95.7% of patients had a benign final histological diagnosis, while 4.3% had malignancy (6 false-negative results). Twenty-two patients (9.5%) were Bethesda III, (n = 3,1.3%) were Bethesda IV (suspicious for neoplasm), and all cases had a follicular adenoma on their final histological diagnosis. Forty-four of the patients were Bethesda V, found in 88.6% of its final histological diagnosis, while 11.4% were benign. Bethesda IV accounted for 9.1%, and all patients in this group were papillary thyroid carcinoma on its final histological confirmation. CONCLUSION: Our study findings revealed that FNAC of thyroid lesions has a high accuracy rate, sensitivity, and specificity, allowing appropriate initial diagnostic management. It should be applied as the first investigative tool for thyroid lesions.

Successful surgical management of a giant neck teratoma in a newborn Baby: A case report.

Neck tumors in newborns are very rare. Teratomas usually include all three germ cell layers, as well as tissues that are not native to the anatomic site of genesis. Teratomas of the head and neck make up a smaller percentage of congenital teratomas. Because of the external compression that oropharyngeal or neck masses produce, they can cause serious airway obstruction. In addition, the larynx or trachea may have an underlying lesion. We presented a mature, 1-day-old newborn with an isolated giant neck tumor and difficulty breathing. The intubation was successfully done and the entire mass was completely removed. Early neonatal life is explored to emphasize this challenge briefly with several interesting instances, including prenatal diagnosis, therapeutic alternatives, and ex-utero intrapartum therapy (EXIT) techniques.