Nasolabial cyst: report of a case with extensive apocrine change.

The nasolabial cyst is a rare condition of the midline with an uncertain pathogenesis. This case report describes a 44-year-old woman in which the clinicopathologic findings were consistent with nasolabial cyst. On histologic examination, extensive apocrine change was noticed. To our knowledge, this feature has not been mentioned in previous papers. In addition, cases reported during the last decade are summarized.

[Primary nasal sinus malignant melanomas]. / Melanomas malignos primarios nasosinusales.

Primary malignant melanoma of the mucosa of the nasal and paranasal sinuses is rare, difficult to treat, and usually has a poor prognosis. Seven cases, six women and one man (mean age 76.5 years), were treated at the Hospital 12 de Octubre (Madrid, Spain) during the period 1982-1994. The presenting symptoms, diagnostic evaluation, morphology, therapeutic modalities, histological evaluation, and clinical course were reviewed. Three patients were treated surgically and three received palliative irradiation. All had local recurrence or distant metasfases within 15 months after concluding treatment. The seventh patient refused treatment.

[Subdural empyema induced by frontal sinusitis]. / Empiema subdural inducido por sinusitis frontal.

Nowadays the complications arising from sinusitis are rare. However its seriousness can even cause death. Intracranial complications are much more uncommon than the orbital ones. However, slight symptoms can appear, which may disjunct the correlation between clinical-radiology and the severity of the infection. The diagnosis is fundamentally based on the TAC, and early treatment with intravenous anti-biotherapy should be implemented, being followed by drainage surgery of the sinus and empyema. We have presented a case which evolved favourably and revised all the literature pertaining to it.

[Adjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of pharyngolaryngeal cancers in advanced stages]. / Tratamiento quimioterápico adyuvante en carcinomas laringo-faríngeos en estadios avanzados.

Since 1980 we use adjuvant chemotherapy in advanced laryngopharyngeal carcinomas. These cases were resectable and unresectable lesions with tumoral extent to the pharynx as a common characteristic. We analyze the survival of the first 50 cases treated with chemotherapy followed by: A) surgery and radiotherapy (36 cases) and B) radiotherapy alone (14 cases). Results of this not randomized study are compared with a historic group of advanced laryngopharyngeal carcinomas (T4/N+) treated with conventional therapy (surgery +/- radiotherapy). Response to chemotherapy was complete or partial (> 50% reduction) in 56 percent of the patients. There was improvement in overall survival and five-years disease-free survival in the latter group compared with those who did show any response (p < 0.01). We would point out that disease-free survival of the group A was better than historic group (60% vs 36%, p < 0.05), although these result should be carefully interpreted. Laryngeal preservation was achieved in 47 percent in the group A by modification of the initially scheduled radical surgery, in selected cases.

[The mastoid surgery in children at the Doce de Octubre Hospital. Review of the years 1988-1991]. / Cirugía de la mastoides en niños en el Hospital Doce de Octubre. Revisión de los años 1988-1991.

A study was made of 21 children with cholesteatoma and chronic otitis media between 1989 and 1991. We reviewed diagnostic tools, presurgical data, surgical procedures and results. Certain aspects of special relevance such as congenital anomalies and presurgical complications, are emphasized. The procedure of choice was mastoid tympanoplasty with the canal wall down, which is preferred in children. Hearing results were poor, partially caused by the process of bone resorption and by the surgical technique used. The incidence of persistent disease and recurrent cholesteatoma was high but we achieved a good control of the disease development because the canal wall down procedure allowed visualization and cleaning of the mastoid cavity.

[Congenital medially invasive cholesteatoma of the temporal bone: supralabyrinthine dissemination and possible origin in the area of the geniculate ganglion]. / Colesteatoma congénito medialmente invasivo de hueso temporal: vía de diseminación supralaberíntica y posible origen en área de ganglio geniculado.

Congenital cholesteatoma appears in about 2% of all cholesteatomas. The possibility of deep extension producing a medially invasive petrous bone cholesteatoma is very uncommon because congenital cholesteatomas are not as aggressive as acquired ones. The onset of facial palsy in a patient with a history of several years of hearing loss must suggest this possibility. We reviewed in this report the main concepts on this subject after bibliographic review and a case report.