Rapid screening of the novel bioactive peptides with notable α-glucosidase inhibitory activity by UF-LC-MS/MS combined with three-AI-tool from black beans.

This work aimed to propose a rapid method to screen the bioactive peptides with anti-α-glucosidase activity instead of traditional multiple laborious purification and identification procedures. 242 peptides binding to α-glycosidase were quickly screened and identified by bio-affinity ultrafiltration combined with LC-MS/MS from the double enzymatic hydrolysate of black beans. Top three peptides with notable anti-α-glucosidase activity, NNNPFKF, RADLPGVK and FLKEAFGV were further rapidly screened and ranked by the three artificial intelligence tools (three-AI-tool) BIOPEP database, PeptideRanker and molecular docking from the 242 peptides. Their IC50 values were in order as 4.20 ± 0.11 mg/mL, 2.83 ± 0.03 mg/mL, 1.32 ± 0.09 mg/mL, which was opposite to AI ranking, for the hydrophobicity index of the peptides was not included in the screening criteria. According to the kinetics, FT-IR, CD and ITC analyses, the binding of the three peptides to α-glucosidase is a spontaneous and irreversible endothermic reaction that results from hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions, which mainly changes the α-helix structure of α-glucosidase. The peptide-activity can be evaluated vividly by AFM in vitro. In vivo, the screened FLKEAFGV and RADLPGVK can lower blood sugar levels as effectively as acarbose, they are expected to be an alternative to synthetic drugs for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes.

Synthesis, crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis, DNA binding, DNA cleavage activity and molecular docking of a new Schiff base nickel(II) complex.

A mononuclear nickel(II) complex, [Ni(o-van-tris)2]·2H2O (o-van-tris = Schiff base derived from o-vanillin and tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane), has been synthesized and structurally characterized. The single crystal structure shows a distorted octahedron geometry coordinated with Ni(II) atom, and 2 D plane structure has formed by O-H···O hydrogen bond interactions. An analysis to ascertain intermolecular interactions of the complex was performed based on the Hirshfeld surfaces and their associated two-dimensional fingerprint plots. The binding properties of the nickel(II) complex with CT-DNA have been investigated by spectroscopic methods and molecular docking. Absorption and fluorescence spectral studies reveal that the complex interacts with DNA through hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interactions with the DNA base pairs. Molecular docking studies show that the complex effectively docks in the major groove of DNA. The DNA cleavage experiment was performed by gel electrophoretic assay, indicating that DNA cleavage activity of the complex is concentration dependent and much sensitive to ionic strength. The efficient cleavage mediated via hydrolytically cleaving pathway.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

Synthesis of Amino Acid Schiff Base Nickel (II) Complexes as Potential Anticancer Drugs In Vitro.

Three hexacoordinated octahedral nickel (II) complexes, [Ni (Trp-sal) (phen) (CH3OH)] (1), [Ni (Trp-o-van) (phen) (CH3OH)]•2CH3OH (2), and [Ni (Trp-naph) (phen) (CH3OH)] (3) (where Trp-sal = Schiff base derived from tryptophan and salicylaldehyde, Trp-o-van = Schiff base derived from tryptophan and o-vanillin, Trp-naph = Schiff base derived from tryptophan and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde, phen = 1, 10-phenanthroline), have been synthesized and characterized as potential anticancer agents. Details of structural study of these complexes using single-crystal X-ray crystallography showed that distorted octahedral environment around nickel (II) ion has been satisfied by three nitrogen atoms and three oxygen atoms. All these complexes displayed moderate cytotoxicity toward esophageal cancer cell line Eca-109 with the IC50 values of 23.95 ± 2.54 µM for 1, 18.14 ± 2.39 µM for 2, and 21.89 ± 3.19 µM for 3. Antitumor mechanism studies showed that complex 2 can increase the autophagy, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and decrease the mitochondrial membrane potential remarkably in a dose-dependent manner in the Eca-109 cells. Complex 2 can cause cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. Additionally, complex 2 can regulate the Bcl-2 family and autophagy-related proteins.

Synthesis, Structure, DNA Interaction, and SOD Activity of Three Nickel(II) Complexes Containing L-Phenylalanine Schiff Base and 1,10-Phenanthroline.

Three hexacoordinated octahedral nickel(II) complexes, [Ni(sal-L-phe)(phen)(CH3OH)]·CH3OH (1), [Ni(naph-L-phe)(phen)(CH3OH)] (2), and [Ni(o-van-L-phe)(phen)(CH3OH)]·5CH3OH (3) (sal-L-phe = a Schiff base derived from salicylaldehyde and L-phenylalanine, naph-L-phe = a Schiff base derived from 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde and L-phenylalanine, o-van-L-phe = a Schiff base derived from o-vanillin and L-phenylalanine, and phen = 1,10-phenanthroline), have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectra, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The interactions of these complexes with CT-DNA were studied by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism spectroscopy, and viscosity measurements. The binding constant (Kb) values of 1.82 × 104 M-1 for 1, 1.96 × 104 M-1 for 2, and 2.02 × 104 M-1 for 3 suggest that each of these complexes could bind with DNA in a moderate intercalative mode. Complex 3 exhibited a stronger interaction with CT-DNA than complexes 1 and 2. In addition, the superoxide scavenging activity of these complexes was investigated by the nitrotetrazolium blue chloride (NBT) light reduction method, and the results showed that they exhibited a significant superoxide scavenging activity with the IC50 values of 4.4 × 10-5 M for complex 1, 5.6 × 10-5 M for complex 2, and 3.1 × 10-5 M for complex 3, respectively.

DNA binding, BSA interaction and SOD activity of two new nickel(II) complexes with glutamine Schiff base ligands.

Two hexacoordinated octahedral nickel(II) complexes, [Ni(o-van-gln)(phen)(H2O)](1) and [Ni(sal-gln)(phen)(H2O)](2) [o-van-gln=a Schiff base derived from o-vanillin and glutamine, sal-gln=a Schiff base derived from salicylaldehyde and glutamine, phen=1,10-phenanthroline], have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectra and single crystal X-ray diffraction. X-ray studies showed that nickel atoms of both 1 and 2 exhibit distorted NiN3O3 octahedral geometry. In each crystal, intermolecular hydrogen bonds form a two-dimensional network structure. DNA-binding properties of these two nickel(II) complexes were investigated by using UV-Vis absorption, fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopies and viscosity measurements. Results indicated that the two complexes can bind to calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) via an intercalative mode, and complex 1 exhibits higher interaction with CT-DNA than complex 2. Furthermore, the interactions between the nickel(II) complexes with bovine serum albumin (BSA) have been studied by spectroscopies. The results indicated that both complexes could quench the intrinsic fluorescence of BSA in a static quenching process. The binding constants (Kb) and the numbers of binding sites (n) obtained are 1.10×10(5)M(-1) and 1.05 for complex 1 and 5.05×10(4)M(-1) and 0.997 for complex 2, respectively. Site-selective competitive binding investigation indicated that the binding sites of both the complexes are located in site I of sub-domains IIA of BSA. Assay of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of the nickel(II) complexes revealed that they exhibit significant superoxide scavenging activity with IC50=3.4×10(-5)M for complex 1 and 4.3×10(-5)M for complex 2, respectively.

Tetra-kis(µ(3)-2-{[1,1-bis-(hydroxy-meth-yl)-2-oxidoeth-yl]imino-meth-yl}-6-methoxy-phenol-ato)tetra-nickel(II) tetra-hydrate.

The title complex, [Ni(4)(C(12)H(15)NO(4))(4)]·4H(2)O, has crystal-lographic fourfold inversion symmetry, with each Ni(II) ion coordinated in a slightly distorted square-pyramidal coordination environment and forming an Ni(4)O(4) cubane-like core. In the crystal structure, inter-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds connect complex and water mol-ecules to form a three-dimensional network. The O atom of one of the unique hydroxy-methyl groups is disordered over two sites, with the ratio of occupancies being approximately 0.79:0.21.