Soil Conditioner Affects Tobacco Rhizosphere Soil Microecology.

Reasonable fertilization management can increase nutrient content and enzyme activity in rhizosphere soil, and even increase soil microbial richness. However, different fertilizers could raise distinct influences on the soil properties, including soil environmental factors (physicochemical properties and enzymatic activities) and microbial community. Here, the effects of two soil amendments (microbial fertilizer and woody peat) on environmental factors and microbial community structure in tobacco rhizosphere soil were evaluated, with the correlations between microbes and environmental factors explored. As the results, microbial fertilizer could effectively alleviate soil acidification, increase available potassium and organic matter contents in soil, and was also beneficial to increase nitrate reductase activity in rhizosphere soil. Fertilizers cause changes in the abundance of certain microbes in the soil. Besides, it was shown that the candidate phyla Gal15, Acidobacterota, Latescibacterota, Mortierellommycota, Basidiomycota, and Rozellomycota in tobacco rhizosphere soil had significant correlation with soil environmental factors. Through the functional analysis of these populations, it can be deduced that the changes in the abundance of certain microorganisms may be an important reason for the differences in environmental factors. All these indicated that the differences of environmental factors in different treatments are closely related to the abundance of some special soil microorganisms. Studying the life activities of these microbes would provide good guidance for exploring the interaction among crops, soil, and microorganisms and improving crop yields.

Differences in microbial diversity and environmental factors in ploughing-treated tobacco soil.

During agricultural production, plowing affects the existing traits of the planted soil, including environmental factors (physicochemical properties and soil enzymatic activity) and microbial community, but whether deep tillage and conventional tillage cause differences in soil microecology are unknown. In this study, the 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology was combined with soil environmental factor detection to analyze the differences in microbial diversity of smokey soils at different depths. As a result, the composition and structure of microbial community varied in different soil depth after plowing. Two dominant phyla, Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria, have varied a lot between the deep-plowing treatment HS3 (the sample in 10-20 cm depth after deep-plowing treatment) sample and the conventional tillage HC3 (treatment the sample in 10-20 cm depth after conventional tillage) sample. The abundance of Actinobacteria has increased significantly, while the abundance of Acidobacteria has decreased significantly. Moreover, deep tillage increased the activity of sucrase (S-SC) and nitrate reductase (NR) in samples with soil depth below 20 cm. In summary, deep tillage disturbed spatial microbial diversity and environmental factors significantly. This would provide new guidance for improving farmland management strategies, optimizing the activation methods of soil layers, further improving crop planting soil, and increasing crop yield.