Identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and candidate genes of seed Iron and zinc content in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.].

BACKGROUND: Deciphering the hereditary mechanism of seed iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) content in soybean is important and sustainable to address the "hidden hunger" that presently affects approximately 2 billion people worldwide. Therefore, in order to detect genomic regions related to soybean seed Fe and Zn content, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population with 248 lines was assessed in four environments to detect Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) related to soybean seed Fe and Zn content. RESULT: Wide variation was found in seed Fe and Zn content in four environments, and genotype, environment, and genotype × environment interactions had significant influences on both the seed Fe and Zn content. A positive correlation was observed between seed Fe content and seed Zn content, and broad-sense heritability (H2) of seed Fe and Zn content were 0.73 and 0.75, respectively. In this study, five QTLs for seed Fe content were detected with 4.57 - 32.71% of phenotypic variation explained (PVE) and logarithm of odds (LOD) scores ranging from 3.60 to 33.79. Five QTLs controlling the seed Zn content were detected, and they individually explained 3.35 to 26.48% of the phenotypic variation, with LOD scores ranging from 3.64 to 20.4. Meanwhile, 409,541 high-quality single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) and 85,102 InDels (except intergenic regions) between two bi-parental lines were identified by whole genome resequencing. A total of 12 candidate genes were reported in one major QTL for seed Fe content and two major QTLs for seed Zn content, with the help of RNA-Seq analysis, gene ontology (GO) enrichment, gene annotation, and bi-parental whole genome sequencing (WGS) data. CONCLUSIONS: Limited studies were performed about microelement of soybean, so these results may play an important role in the biofortification of Fe and Zn and accelerate the development of marker-assisted selection (MAS) for breeding soybeans fortified with iron and zinc.

Efficacy of shoulder arthroscopic surgery for the treatment of rotator cuff injury: A protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: This study will investigate the efficacy and safety of shoulder arthroscopic surgery (SAS) for patients with rotator cuff injury (RCI). METHODS: We will systematically search for randomized controlled trials in the electronic databases of PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. All above databases will be searched from their beginning to March 1, 2020 without language restrictions. Two reviewers will independently scan retrieved records, evaluate study quality and extract data. If possible, we will synthesize the data and conduct a meta-analysis by RevMan 5.3 software. RESULTS: This systematic review will summarize the most recent evidence to explore the efficacy and safety of SAS for patients with RCI. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study will help to provide a genuine understanding of perspective from a scientific basis on the efficacy and safety of SAS for patients with RCI. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: PROSPERO CRD42020170009.

[Sacral nerve stimulation treatment in functional anorectal pain].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the treatment outcomes of sacral nerve stimulation(SNS) for functional anorectal pain(FAP). METHODS: A total of 32 patients of FAP received SNS treatment through S3 from March 2011 to December 2011. Visual analogue scale(VAS), anal pressure measure, and health survey(SF-36) before and after treatment were used to evaluate the outcomes. RESULTS: After treatment, VAS score was significantly decreased, rectal anal reflex threshold volume elevated, and anal maximum contraction pressure (AMCP) and anal rest pressure significantly decreased compared with those before treatment(all P<0.01). Except for general health, the remaining dimension score of the SF-36 increased significantly after treatment, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05 or P<0.01). After SNS treatment, 19 cases were cured, 12 improved, 1 was refractory. The total effective rate was 96.9% during 3 months after treatment. CONCLUSION: SNS is a safe and effective alternative for FAP and can alleviate the pain symptom and improve the quality of life.