Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease related to wood smoke and impact of the combined exposure to tobacco.

BACKGROUND: Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 2023 highlights the need to explore aetiotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) beyond the tobacco-smoking COPD. Exposure to wood smoke (WS) is a risk factor for COPD in women, but the effect of the combined exposure to tobacco smoke (TS) in the general population and among COPD patients, and the characteristics of WS-COPD are unclear. METHOD: This was an analysis of data from PREPOCOL (Prevalence of COPD in Five Colombian Cities Situated at Low, Medium, and High Altitude), a random cross-sectional population-based study (n = 5,539) focusing on the effect of combined WS and TS exposure and WS-COPD characterisation. RESULTS: Prevalence of COPD was significantly higher in those exposed to both WS and TS (16.0%) than in those exposed to WS (6.7%) or TS (7.8%) only (P < 0.001). Exposure to WS was associated with COPD in men (OR 1.53, P = 0.017). WS-COPD individuals were more frequently female, older, shorter and had higher forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1) (all P < 0.05). Those exposed to both WS and TS had more symptoms and worse airflow limitation (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This was the first random population-based study showing that WS is an associated risk factor for COPD also in men, and that people exposed to both WS and TS have a significantly higher prevalence of COPD. Similarly, COPD subjects exposed to both types of smoke have more symptoms and greater airflow obstruction. This suggests an additive effect of WS and TS.

CONTEXTE: L'Initiative mondiale pour les maladies pulmonaires obstructives chroniques (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, GOLD) 2023 met en évidence l'importance d'explorer les différents étiotypes de la maladie pulmonaire obstructive chronique (COPD, pour l'anglais « chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ¼) en dehors de la COPD liée au tabagisme. L'exposition à la fumée de bois (WS, pour l'anglais « wood smoke ¼) représente un facteur de risque de la COPD chez les femmes, cependant, l'impact de l'exposition simultanée à la fumée de tabac (TS, pour l'anglais « tobacco smoke ¼) chez la population générale et chez les patients atteints de COPD, ainsi que les caractéristiques spécifiques de la WS-COPD, demeurent peu clairs. MÉTHODES: Il s'agit d'une étude transversale aléatoire basée sur la population (n = 5 539) qui analyse les données de PREPOCOL (Prevalence of COPD in Five Colombian Cities Situated at Low, Medium, and High Altitude). L'étude se concentre sur l'effet de l'exposition combinée à la WS et à la TS ainsi que sur la caractérisation de la WS-COPD. RÉSULTATS: La prévalence de la COPD était significativement plus élevée chez les personnes exposées à la fois à la WS et à la TS (16,0%) que chez celles exposées uniquement à la WS (6,7%) ou à la TS (7,8%) (P < 0,001). L'exposition à la WS était associée à la COPD chez les hommes (OR 1,53 ; P = 0,017). Les personnes atteintes de WS-COPD étaient plus fréquemment des femmes, d'un âge plus avancé, de plus petite taille et présentaient un volume expiratoire maximal en 1 seconde (FEV1) plus élevé (tous P < 0,05). Les personnes exposées à la fois à la WS et à la TS ont montré plus de symptômes et une plus grande limitation du débit d'air (P < 0,001). CONCLUSION: Il s'agit de la première étude aléatoire basée sur la population qui démontre que la WS est un facteur de risque lié à la COPD, même chez les hommes, et que les individus exposés à la fois à la WS et à la TS présentent une prévalence significativement plus élevée de la COPD. De plus, les personnes souffrant de COPD qui sont exposés aux deux types de fumée manifestent davantage de symptômes et une obstruction pulmonaire plus sévère. Cela laisse supposer qu'il y a un effet cumulatif de la WS et de la TS.

Systemic administration of probiotics reduces the severity of apical periodontitis.

AIM: To evaluate the effect of systemic administration of probiotics on the severity of apical periodontitis (AP). METHODOLOGY: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were used. AP was induced in the maxillary left/right first molars. The animals were arranged into groups: Control, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and Lactobacillus acidophilus. Probiotics were administered orally for gavage (109 colony-forming units diluted in 5 mL of water for 30 days) during the development of AP. After 30 days, cardiac puncture was performed to analyse the complete blood count. Moreover, microbiological analysis of the root canal contents and saliva was performed. Then, the animals were euthanized and the jaw removed for histopathological and IL-10, IL-1ß and IL-6 immunolabeling analyses. After the Shapiro-Wilk test of normality, the Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn's test was performed for nonparametric data, and analysis of variance followed by the Tukey test was performed for parametric data (P < 0.05). RESULTS: No significance difference was observed in the blood profiles and in the counts of microorganisms from the saliva samples among the groups (P > 0.05). Total microorganism counts in the root canal, the inflammatory infiltrate and the immunostaining for IL-1ß and IL-6 in AP were significantly lower in the probiotic groups when compared with the control group (P < 0.05). IL-10 was significantly more immunolabled in the probiotic groups than in the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Supplementation with probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus acidophilus) had a significant effect on the severity of apical periodontitis in rats, demonstrating the anti-inflammatory effect of probiotics on the development of apical periodontitis.

Effects of Lactobacillus reuteri as an adjunct to the treatment of periodontitis in smokers: randomised clinical trial.

The aim of this randomised clinical trial was to evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus reuteri in chewable tablets as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment of chronic periodontitis in smoking patients. 34 patient smokers were selected and randomly divided into two groups. The SRP group (n=17) received scaling and root planing (SRP) in one session and a placebo; the PRO group (n=17) received SRP in one session and 2 probiotic tablets 2× per day, for 21 days. Bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival recession (GR), and pockets with PD≥5 mm and bleeding were measured at baseline and 90 days. After 90 days of treatment, the PD and pockets with PD≥5 mm and bleeding were significantly lower in both groups compared to baseline (P<0.05). In the PRO group, the BOP had significantly reduced at 90 days when compared with the baseline (P<0.05). There was statistically significant reduction in PD between baseline and 90 days in the PRO group in deep pockets (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in the reduction in PD (P=0.95) or gain in CAL (P=0.97) in moderate and deep pockets. The adjuvant use of L. reuteri in the treatment of chronic periodontitis was effective in controlling gingival inflammation because reduced bleeding on probing which means reduced gingival inflammation and was effective in reducing deep pocket in manner clinically relevant.

Effect of low-level laser therapy as an adjuvant in the treatment of periodontitis induced in rats subjected to 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the effect of multiple sessions of a low-level laser therapy (LLLT) adjuvant to scaling and root planing (SRP) on the treatment of experimental periodontitis (EP) in rats treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 120 rats were divided into five groups: no treatment (NT); treatment with 5-FU (60 and 40 mg/kg) and no local periodontal treatment (5FU); treatment with 5-FU and SRP (5FU-SRP); treatment with 5-FU, SRP and one LLLT session (660 nm; 0.035 W; 4.2 J; 120 s) (5FU-SRP-1LLLT); and treatment with 5-FU, SRP and four LLLT sessions (0, 24, 48 and 72 h) (5FU-SRP-4LLLT). EP was induced in the mandibular molars through ligature placement. The alveolar bone loss (ABL) area in the furcation region was analysed histometrically. TRAP, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, RANKL, osteoprotegerin and activated caspase-3 patterns were analysed by immunolabeling. Prostaglandin E2 was quantified using an ELISA, and tumour necrosis factor α and interleukin-6 were assessed using the multiplex method. The prevalence rates of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella nigrescens, Prevotella intermedia and Fusobacterium nucleatum were assessed using the PCR method. The data were subjected to statistical analysis (α = 5%). RESULTS: 5FU, 5FU-SRP and 5FU-SRP-1LLLT treatment groups showed higher ABL compared with the NT group (p < 0.05), whereas the 5FU-SRP-4LLLT group showed lower ABL compared with the 5FU group on day 7 and decreased RANKL immunolabeling (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Treatment with 5-FU worsened EP, and multiple LLLT sessions adjuvant to SRP seemed to improve periodontitis in rats subjected to 5-FU chemotherapy.

Prevalencia y factores de riesgo de estreñimiento en estudiantes de enfermería de una universidad privada colombiana / Prevalecence and risk factors of constipation in nursing students of a private colombian university / Prevalência e fatores de risco de obstipação em estudantes de enfermagem da uma universidade privada colombiana

Esta investigación buscó determinar la prevalencia de estreñimiento en los estudiantes de Enfermería de una universidad \r\nprivada colombiana e identificar algunos factores de riesgo. La carencia de datos en el medio acerca del problema y las \r\nrepercusiones que tienen en la calidad de vida de los jóvenes son algunos de los elementos que justificaron el estudio.\r\nSe desarrolló un estudio transversal. Se abordaron todos los estudiantes vinculados a la Facultad; se estudiaron los \r\n341 que aceptaron participar. La información se recolectó mediante una encuesta, se procesó en el software SPSS® \r\nversión 17,0 (SPSS Inc; Chicago, Illinois, USA) y se realizó un análisis descriptivo. Para identificar los factores de riesgo \r\nse utilizó el OR como medida de asociación, con sus respectivos intervalos de confianza al 95%; se asumió signifi\r\n-\r\ncancia estadística si el valor de p era menor de 0,05.\r\nLa prevalencia de estreñimiento encontrada, según los Criterios Roma III, fue del 41,3% (IC: 36%-47%). Los factores \r\nde riesgo que tuvieron significancia estadística se relacionan principalmente con los hábitos asociados a la defecación, \r\nhábitos alimentarios y consumo de medicamentos, entre ellos los laxantes. Las manifestaciones clínicas que acom\r\n-\r\npañan con mayor frecuencia el estreñimiento son: distensión abdominal, flatulencia y dolor abdominal. El 56,0% (79) \r\nde los estudiantes no han consultado al médico por este motivo. El 84,4% (119) emplea medidas dietéticas para aliviar \r\nel problema. Se concluye que el estreñimiento se presenta con alta frecuencia en este grupo; por tanto, debe abordarse \r\ncon acciones preventivas y de intervención.

This research aims to identify the prevalence and risk \r\nfactors of constipation in nursing students from a private \r\nColombian university. The lack of data about the problem \r\nand the impact on quality of life of young people were the \r\ntwo main considerations for this research A Cross Sectional Study was performed, 341 of all the \r\nnursing students agreed to participate in the research. \r\nThe information was collected through a survey and \r\nwas processed in SPSS ® software version 17.0 (SPSS \r\nInc., Chicago, Illinois, USA). In order to explore the risk \r\nfactors the OR was calculated with its confidence inter\r\n-\r\nvals of 95%, and statistical significance with p value less \r\nthan 0.05 was assumed.\r\nAccording to Rome Criteria III, the prevalence was \r\n41.3% (CI: 36%-47%). The risk factors with statistical \r\nsignificance were related to defecation habits, nutri\r\n-\r\ntional habits and medicine consumption, among them \r\nthe use of laxatives. The main clinical manifestations of \r\nconstipation are: abdominal distension, flatulence and \r\nabdominal pain. 56.0% (79) of students have not sought \r\nmedical attention due to constipation symptoms. 84.4% \r\n(119) consider dietary interventions in order to relieve \r\nthe problem. Constipation is a high frequency problem \r\nin this group and should be approached with preventive \r\nand intervention actions.

Esta investigação procura a prevalência de obstipação nos \r\nestudantes de enfermagem da uma universidade privada \r\ncolombiana e identifica os riscos do condição. A falta dos \r\ndados a respeito a problema e o efeito que tem sobre a \r\nqualidade da vida dos jovens foram duas dos elementos \r\nque justificaram o realização do estudo Um estudo transversal foi desenvolvido com 341 partici\r\n-\r\npantes, todos estudantes da faculdade. A informação foi \r\nrecolhido por uma pesquisa e processado pela programa \r\ndo computado SPSS® versão 17,0 (SPSS Inc; Chicago, \r\nIllinois, USA). Para identificar os fatores de risco o OR \r\nfoi calculado com seus intervalos de confiança a 95% e \r\na significância estatística do o valor de p menor de 0,05 \r\nfoi suposto.\r\nA prevalência de obstipação encontrada, segundo os \r\nCritérios Roma III, foi 41,3% (IC: 36%-47%). Os fatores \r\nde risco que tiveram significância estatística tenha que ver \r\nprincipalmente com os hábitos relacionados com a defe\r\n-\r\ncação, hábitos alimentares e consumo de remédios, entre \r\neles o uso dos laxantes. As sintomas que acompanham \r\nobstipação com a maior frequência são: distensão abdo\r\n-\r\nminal, flatulência e dor abdominal. 56,0% (79) dos \r\nestudantes não consultaram a atenção médico por este \r\nmotivo. 84,4% (119) consideram regimes dietéticas para \r\nse aliviar da problema. Conclui-se que a obstipação é um \r\nproblema de alta frequência neste grupo e deve ser abor\r\n-\r\ndado com ações preventivas.

Prospective study on loss of signal on the first side during neuromonitoring of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in total thyroidectomy.

BACKGROUND: Staged thyroidectomy has been recommended when loss of the signal from intraoperative nerve monitoring is observed after first-side dissection of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. There is no high-quality evidence supporting this recommendation. In addition, it is not clear whether signal loss predicts postoperative vocal cord paralysis. METHODS: This was a prospective observational study of consecutive adult patients undergoing neuromonitored total thyroidectomy for either malignancy or multinodular goitre. The prevalence of first-side loss of signal was recorded. Surgery was completed, and vagus and laryngeal nerves on the first side were rechecked at the end of the procedure. RESULTS: Two-hundred and ninety patients were included. Loss of signal on the first side was noted in 16 procedures (5.5 per cent). Thyroidectomy was completed and, at retesting, 15 of 16 initially silent nerves recovered an electromyographic signal with a mean(s.d.) amplitude of 132(26) mcV. Mean time to recovery was 20.2 (range 10-35) min. In no patient was the signal lost on the opposite side. Only three of 15 nerves with a recovered signal were associated with transient vocal cord dysfunction. CONCLUSION: After loss of signal of the recurrent laryngeal nerve dissected initially, there was a 90 per cent chance of intraoperative signal recovery. In this setting, judicious bilateral thyroidectomy can be performed without risk of bilateral recurrent nerve paresis.

Caracterización fisicoquímica de la variedad castilla del lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam) en seis estados de maduración / Physicochemical characterization of the lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam) castilla variety in six ripening stages

Background: Lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam) is considered a fruit with a high potential for exportation due to its exotic aroma, its bittersweet taste and the bright green color of its pulp. As a climacteric fruit is harvested when the fruit has reached full development, and 75% of the ripening is apparent by its characteristic yellow color with some small green points. However, this parameter is not enough to decide the right time for the crop, due to the irregularity of the fruits, especially for selling purposes in international markets, hence studies have been conducted to establish the changes during ripening and postharvest. Objectives: The aim of this work was to determine the relationship between color measurement and the other physicochemical parameters in the six ripening stages of lulo Castilla variety, in order to define the optimal harvesting time. Methods: Three fruits were studied for each stage, and were analyzed in the fresh state: ° Brix, pH, titratable acidity and color changes in the cortex, according to CIELab system. Results: The ranges obtained for the six evaluated stages were: ° Brix: 4.2 - 10.3, pH: 3.67 - 3.90, acidity: 2.63 - 3.00 and color (ΔE): 0 - 53. We found that the epicarp of the fruit varies from green to yellow intense, indicating the maturity for consumption. Total soluble solids increased with fruit maturation and the tritatable acidity decreased reaching a minimum values at stage 3, which was considered optimum for harvesting. The pH increased in stage 5 due to the drop of vacuolar H+ ion concentration. Conclusion: By measuring color parameters, 3 ripening stages were defined: green (0, 1, 2); semi ripe (3, 4) and ripe (5).

Punção aspirativa com agulha fina guiada por ultrassom e biópsia por videolaparoscopia em próstata de cães / Ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration puncture and videolaparocopic biopsy of the prostate of dogs

Onze cães, sem raça definida, machos, adultos, não castrados e hígidos foram submetidos à punção aspirativa com agulha fina da próstata guiada por ultrassom para avaliação citológica e, após um período mínimo de sete dias, à videolaparoscopia para obtenção de fragmento prostático para avaliação histológica. Nos exames citológicos, dois animais apresentaram alterações celulares compatíveis com hiperplasia prostática benigna. Durante a videolaparoscopia, a colheita do fragmento prostático foi realizada de maneira rápida, não sendo observada hemorragia significativa após o procedimento. Os animais não apresentaram nenhuma complicação no período pós-operatório. Verificaram-se, ao exame histológico, morfologia e estrutura celulares e teciduais nos padrões normais do parênquima prostático em 10 animais; um único cão apresentou alterações celulares e teciduais sugestivas de hiperplasia prostática benigna.

Eleven healthy intact male mongrel dogs were submitted to prostate ultrasound fine needle aspirative puncture for cytologic exam and, after seven days or more, to videolaparoscopic fragment collection for further histologic evaluation. On cytologic exams, two animals presented changes which correlates with benign prostatic hyperplasia. During the videolaparoscopic proceedings, the prostate fragment collections were made in a quick way and no important hemorrhagic lost has been seen after the collection. The animals presented no complication after the surgeries. The histologic exams showed normal prostate parenchyma based on the cellular and tissue morphology and structure in ten dogs; only one presented cellular and tissue changes suggesting benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Case report: Liposarcoma of the sinonasal tract.

Nasal and paranasal malignant tumours account for less than 5% of all head and neck malignancies. Epithelial malignancies overwhelmingly predominate, with squamous cell carcinomas representing the most frequent histological subtype in this location. Soft-tissue sarcomas of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are exceedingly rare. Here, we report two cases of myxoid liposarcomas that occurred in the nasal and paranasal regions, both of which presented diagnostic challenges and could not be diagnosed definitively from intraoperative frozen sections. These cases reinforce the notion that, while they are uncommon, sarcomas in general and liposarcomas in particular should still be considered as part of the differential diagnosis in patients presenting with obstructive symptoms in the nasal and paranasal sinuses.

Severe oligoasthenoteratozoospermias, secretory and obstructive azoospermias: motility as a criterion of sperm viability.

PURPOSE: Comparison of pregnancy rates in cases of Secretory Azoospermias (SA), Obstructive Azoospermias (OA) and severe Oligoasthenoteratozoospermias (OATZ). Evaluation of sperm motility as a quality criterion. METHODS: In SA cases (n = 35), 9 samples were cryopreserved. In OA cases (epididymal aspiration: n = 91; testicular biopsy: n = 206), all samples were cryopreserved. 596 OATZ ejaculates were included. RESULTS: In SA cases, 2 pregnancies were achieved from 9 ICSI cycles. In OA, motile sperm rates were higher in testicular biopsies. After thawing sperm motility was not different between testicular and epididymal origin. 2 pregnancies were achieved with immotile testicular sperm after thawing, but none with immotile epididymal sperm. In OATZ cases, one pregnancy was obtained from the 9 cryopreserved ejaculates and 35.3% with fresh motile sperm. CONCLUSIONS: In SA cases, the use of donor sperm is recommended due to the lower pregnancy rate achieved. Motility, before and after cryopreservation, as a criterion of sperm viability is discussed and its use should be reconsidered in some cases.

[Cerebral gas embolism secondary to withdrawal of a central venous line]. / Embolia gaseosa cerebral secundaria a la retirada de una vía venosa central.

AIM: To report a case of cerebral gas embolism secondary to the withdrawal of a central venous line in a patient who had recently undergone abdominal surgery. CASE REPORT: An 82-year-old male who suddenly presented myoclonias in the right upper extremity and a sharp drop in the level of consciousness. A computerised tomography (CT) scan revealed air bubbles in the intracranial circulatory system and associated infarction in the right hemisphere. The patient's clinical progression was poor and he died some days later. CONCLUSIONS: Cerebral gas embolism can be diagnosed using a CT scan of the head if it is performed immediately after the entrance of air into the bloodstream inside the brain. In later phases, findings are unspecific and difficult to distinguish from ischaemic infarction or from diffuse leukoencephalopathy. Treatment is based on supportive measures and, in some cases, hyperbaric oxygen, although their true effectiveness is a controversial issue. Cerebral gas embolism is a potentially fatal and avoidable complication in patients with a central venous line or other iatrogenic procedures that can allow air to enter the arterial or venous circulatory systems.

Métodos combinados de secado para el escarchado de mango Var. kent / Combining drying methods for candy mango Var. kent

En este trabajo la Deshidratación Osmótica (DO) y el secado con aire caliente se combinan para producir mango cristalizado conservando las propiedades organolépticas de la fruta fresca. El mango se procesa en cilindros de 1.5cm de diámetro por 2cm de altura. Estos se deshidratan osmóticamente durante 72 horas y luego se secan con aire a 35ºC hasta alcanzar concentraciones de 68 grados Brix (ºBx) y 72ºBx. El tratamiento se inicia con un pretratamiento osmótico (PO), utilizando soluciones de sacarosa a 25, 35, 45, 55 y 65ºBx, aplicando un pulso de vacío (50 mbar) durante 10 minutos, después del cual las muestras se mantienen durante 20 minutos más a presión atmosférica. A continuación, las muestras se sumergen en solución de 65ºBx y se mantienen a presión atmosférica, hasta alcanzar 72 horas de tratamiento total. De la misma manera, se trata otra muestra usando una concentración de sacarosa de 45ºBx durante todo el proceso. Se caracterizan las muestras secas analizando masa, volumen, humedad y sólidos solubles. Las pérdidas de masa y volumen son más bajas para las muestras que se tratan con 25, 45 y 65ºBx durante el pretratamiento osmótico. También se observa que a 25ºBx las muestras ganan una cantidad más alta de sólidos solubles al compararlas con el resto de las muestras mientras que la difusividad de agua durante el proceso de secado es mayor para las muestras tratadas en soluciones menos concentradas durante el pretratamiento osmótico

La deshidratación osmótica como pretratamiento en la conservación de mora (rubus glaucus) y uchuva (physalis peruviana l. ) / Pretreatment in the conservation of blackberry (rubus glaucus) and uchuva (physalis peruviana l. ) with osmotic dehydration

Este estudio se desarrolla en geometrías semiesféricas (mitades) sometidas a deshidratación osmótica en disoluciones de sacarosa a 25, 35, 45, 55 y 65ºBrix a temperatura ambiente. Los procesos se llevan a cabo a presión atmosférica, con y sin aplicación de pulso a vacío (117 mm Hg durante 10 minutos al inicio del proceso). La cinética se determina en tiempos cortos (300 min), mientras que el equilibrado se realiza en tiempos largos (720 horas). En ambos casos se analiza la ganancia de azúcar, pérdida de agua, variación de masa y volumen de las muestras. La cinética de la mora muestra la mejor respuesta en el tratamiento con disolución de sacarosa a 65ºBrix y con pulso a vacío, y el equilibrio se alcanza entre 72 y 144 horas, mientras que la cinética de deshidratación en la uchuva presenta una buena respuesta en disoluciones a 65 y 55°Brix y presión atmosférica, y el equilibrio es alcanzado a las 72 horas

Early Experience Studying Cerebral Aneurysms with Rotational and Threedimensional Angiography and Review of CT and MR Angiography Literature.

SUMMARY: From september 2000 to september 2001, 32 consecutive patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms were examined with rotational and 3D reconstruction angiography using an Integris V5000 Philips Medical System: 39 aneurysms were detected. After a selective cerebral artery was catheterized with a 5F or 4F-catheter, 35 ml of contrast medium was intra-arterially administered at a rate of 4 ml/s and a 180 degrees rotational angiography was performed in eight seconds. This information was transferred to a computer (Silicon Graphics Octane) with software (Integris 3DRA, Philips Integris Systems) and a three-dimensional reconstruction was made. The information provided by Angio-3D was useful for evaluating the parent artery, aneurysmal sac, aneurysmal neck and arterial branches. It was also very useful in selecting the therapeutic method. For open surgery, this technique provides preoperative images that are useful for planning microsurgical approaches, especially in cases of large aneurysm showing complex surrounding arteries. For endovascular embolization, various anatomic characteristics of the aneurysm such as neck and sac size, shape, lobularity, parent artery and arterial branches adjacent to the aneurysmal neck must be demonstrated. This is very important to determine the best projection for embolization and to avoid multiple series. This is also essential in the choice of the first coil to create a good basket producing total occlusion. Microaneurysms are demonstrated well with this technique whereas this is difficult to do with conventional arteriography. The Angio-RM and Angio-CT literature show a lower sensitivity and specificity in comparasion with our experience with 3D IA-ROT-DSA. For this reason, we believe that 3D IA-ROTDSA is now the gold standard for patients presenting intracranial aneurysms.

Loci geneticos asociados al trastorno bipolar: estudios en poblacion colombiana / Genetic loci associated to bipolar disorder: studies in colombian population

Objetivos: Caracterizar una muestra de familias y tríos de una población colombiana aislada para mapear loci involucrados en la vulnerabilidad al Trastorno Afectivo Bipolar tipo I (TAB- I). Métodos: Se recolectan tríos y genealogías utilizando las entrevistas FIGS-DIGS en miembros de las familias y posibles afectados. El poder para detectar ligamiento (PDL) se estima por simulación. El modelo utilizado asume una frecuencia para el alelo afectado de 0.003, penetrancias de 0.01,0.81 y 0.9 y un marcador de cuatro alelos a 5cM del locus. Resultados: Se identificaron 28 familias con TAB-I, con 3.603 individuos y 160 afectados, y 246 tríos. Asumiendo homogeneidad genética y teniendo en cuenta la evidencia genética del mestizaje, las simulaciones mostraron PDL significativos de 100 por ciento para un LOD-score>3. Estamos examinando el desequilibrio promedio en tríos y tamizando en familias los cromosomas 12,18 y 21. Conclusión: Tenemos un grupo significativo de familias y trios pertenecientes a una población aislada con un poder para detectar ligamiento al Trastorno Afectivo Bipolar. Esto permite realizar estudios de ligamiento buscando genes involucrados en la vulnerabilidad al TAB-I en población Colombiana

Eficacia terapéutica del Nimesulide en el tratamiento de la dorso lumbalgia de origen traumático / Therapeutic effectiveness of the nimesulide in the treatment of the low back pain of traumatic origin

Se realizó un estudio abierto, no controlado, multicéntrico, realizado con intención de tratar, en 60 pacientes con dorsolumbalgia mecánica, en el cual evaluó la efectividad y seguridad de nimesulide 100 mg dos veces al día, administrado durante 15 días. El tratamiento produjo un alivio significativo en los escores de dolor entre el día de inicio del tratamiento y los 5 días, con un alivio adicional importante entre los días 5 y 10, sin alivios adicionales para el día 15. El tiempo medio para la desaparición total del dolor fue de 8,5 días. La limitación funcional fue evaluada el día 0 y el día 15, obteniéndose una mejoría significativa desde el punto de vista estadístico. Se reportaron efectos adversos en 4 de los pacientes, de los cuales sólo uno ameritó la suspensión del tratamiento