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1.
J Natl Compr Canc Netw ; 22(7): 438-446, 2024 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39236750

RESUMO

The NCCN Guidelines for Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Screening describe various colorectal screening modalities as well as recommended screening schedules for patients at average or increased risk of developing sporadic CRC. They are intended to aid physicians with clinical decision-making regarding CRC screening for patients without defined genetic syndromes. These NCCN Guidelines Insights focus on select recent updates to the NCCN Guidelines, including a section on primary and secondary CRC prevention, and provide context for the panel's recommendations regarding the age at which to initiate screening in average-risk individuals and those with increased risk based on personal history of childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Colorretais , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Humanos , Neoplasias Colorretais/diagnóstico , Detecção Precoce de Câncer/normas , Detecção Precoce de Câncer/métodos , Programas de Rastreamento/métodos , Programas de Rastreamento/normas
2.
NPJ Precis Oncol ; 7(1): 105, 2023 Oct 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37857854

RESUMO

Numerous cell states are known to comprise the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the developmental stemness and co-occurrence of these cell states remain poorly defined. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on a cohort of treatment-naive PDAC time-of-diagnosis endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) samples (n = 25). We then combined these samples with surgical resection (n = 6) and publicly available samples to increase statistical power (n = 80). Following annotation into 25 distinct cell states, cells were scored for developmental stemness, and a customized version of the Ecotyper tool was used to identify communities of co-occurring cell states in bulk RNA-seq samples (n = 268). We discovered a tumor microenvironmental community comprised of aggressive basal-like malignant cells, tumor-promoting SPP1+ macrophages, and myofibroblastic cancer-associated fibroblasts associated with especially poor prognosis. We also found a developmental stemness continuum with implications for survival that is present in both malignant cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). We further demonstrated that high-dimensional analyses predictive of survival are feasible using standard-of-care, time-of-diagnosis EUS-FNB specimens. In summary, we identified tumor microenvironmental and developmental stemness characteristics from a high-dimensional gene expression analysis of PDAC using human tissue specimens, including time-of-diagnosis EUS-FNB samples. These reveal new connections between tumor microenvironmental composition, CAF and malignant cell stemness, and patient survival that could lead to better upfront risk stratification and more personalized upfront clinical decision-making.

3.
NPJ Aging ; 9(1): 3, 2023 Feb 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36849522

RESUMO

Regular endurance exercise training is an effective intervention for the maintenance of metabolic health and the prevention of many age-associated chronic diseases. Several metabolic and inflammatory factors are involved in the health-promoting effects of exercise training, but regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood. Cellular senescence-a state of irreversible growth arrest-is considered a basic mechanism of aging. Senescent cells accumulate over time and promote a variety of age-related pathologies from neurodegenerative disorders to cancer. Whether long-term intensive exercise training affect the accumulation of age-associated cellular senescence is still unclear. Here, we show that the classical senescence markers p16 and IL-6 were markedly higher in the colon mucosa of middle-aged and older overweight adults than in young sedentary individuals, but this upregulation was significantly blunted in age-matched endurance runners. Interestingly, we observe a linear correlation between the level of p16 and the triglycerides to HDL ratio, a marker of colon adenoma risk and cardiometabolic dysfunction. Our data suggest that chronic high-volume high-intensity endurance exercise can play a role in preventing the accumulation of senescent cells in cancer-prone tissues like colon mucosa with age. Future studies are warranted to elucidate if other tissues are also affected, and what are the molecular and cellular mechanisms that mediate the senopreventative effects of different forms of exercise training.

4.
Endoscopy ; 53(1): 36-43, 2021 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32459000

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a leading cause of morbidity and is associated with a 2 % - 17 % mortality rate in the UK and USA. Bleeding peptic ulcers account for 50 % of UGIB cases. Endoscopic intervention in a timely manner can improve outcomes. Hemostatic spray is an endoscopic hemostatic powder for GI bleeding. This multicenter registry was created to collect data prospectively on the immediate endoscopic hemostasis of GI bleeding in patients with peptic ulcer disease when hemostatic spray is applied as endoscopic monotherapy, dual therapy, or rescue therapy. METHODS: Data were collected prospectively (January 2016 - March 2019) from 14 centers in the UK, France, Germany, and the USA. The application of hemostatic spray was decided upon at the endoscopist's discretion. RESULTS: 202 patients with UGIB secondary to peptic ulcers were recruited. Immediate hemostasis was achieved in 178/202 patients (88 %), 26/154 (17 %) experienced rebleeding, 21/175 (12 %) died within 7 days, and 38/175 (22 %) died within 30 days (all-cause mortality). Combination therapy of hemostatic spray with other endoscopic modalities had an associated lower 30-day mortality (16 %, P < 0.05) compared with monotherapy or rescue therapy. There were high immediate hemostasis rates across all peptic ulcer disease Forrest classifications. CONCLUSIONS: This is the largest case series of outcomes of peptic ulcer bleeding treated with hemostatic spray, with high immediate hemostasis rates for bleeding peptic ulcers.


Assuntos
Hemostase Endoscópica , Hemostáticos , Úlcera Péptica , França , Alemanha , Humanos , Minerais , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia , Úlcera Péptica Hemorrágica/terapia , Pós , Recidiva , Sistema de Registros , Resultado do Tratamento
5.
J Natl Compr Canc Netw ; 18(10): 1312-1320, 2020 10 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33022639

RESUMO

The NCCN Guidelines for Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Screening describe various colorectal screening modalities as well as recommended screening schedules for patients at average or increased risk of developing sporadic CRC. They are intended to aid physicians with clinical decision-making regarding CRC screening for patients without defined genetic syndromes. These NCCN Guidelines Insights focus on select recent updates to the NCCN Guidelines, including a section on primary and secondary CRC prevention, and provide context for the panel's recommendations regarding the age to initiate screening in average risk individuals and follow-up for low-risk adenomas.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Colorretais , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Neoplasias Colorretais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Colorretais/epidemiologia , Humanos , Programas de Rastreamento
6.
Gastrointest Endosc ; 91(4): 882-893.e4, 2020 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31715173

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Gastroenterology fellowships need to ensure that trainees achieve competence in upper endoscopy (EGD) and colonoscopy. Because the impact of structured feedback remains unknown in endoscopy training, this study compared the effect of structured feedback with standard feedback on trainee learning curves for EGD and colonoscopy. METHODS: In this multicenter, cluster, randomized controlled trial, trainees received either individualized quarterly learning curves or feedback standard to their fellowship. Assessment was performed in all trainees using the Assessment of Competency in Endoscopy tool on 5 consecutive procedures after every 25 EGDs and colonoscopies. Individual learning curves were created using cumulative sum (CUSUM) analysis. The primary outcome was the mean CUSUM score in overall technical and overall cognitive skills. RESULTS: In all, 13 programs including 132 trainees participated. The intervention arm (6 programs, 51 trainees) contributed 558 EGD and 600 colonoscopy assessments. The control arm (7 programs, 81 trainees) provided 305 EGD and 468 colonoscopy assessments. For EGD, the intervention arm (-.7 [standard deviation {SD}, 1.3]) had a superior mean CUSUM score in overall cognitive skills compared with the control arm (1.6 [SD, .8], P = .03) but not in overall technical skills (intervention, -.26 [SD, 1.4]; control, 1.76 [SD, .7]; P = .06). For colonoscopy, no differences were found between the 2 arms in overall cognitive skills (intervention, -.7 [SD, 1.3]; control, .7 [SD, 1.3]; P = .95) or overall technical skills (intervention, .1 [SD, 1.5]; control, -.1 [SD, 1.5]; P = .77). CONCLUSIONS: Quarterly feedback in the form of individualized learning curves did not affect learning curves for EGD and colonoscopy in a clinically meaningful manner. (Clinical trial registration number: NCT02891304.).


Assuntos
Curva de Aprendizado , Competência Clínica , Colonoscopia , Retroalimentação , Gastroenterologia/educação , Humanos
7.
Acad Med ; 95(2): 283-292, 2020 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31335810

RESUMO

PURPOSE: The Next Accreditation System requires training programs to demonstrate competence among trainees. Within gastroenterology (GI), there are limited data describing learning curves and structured assessment of competence in esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and colonoscopy. In this study, the authors aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of a centralized feedback system to assess endoscopy learning curves among GI trainees in EGD and colonoscopy. METHOD: During academic year 2016-2017, the authors performed a prospective multicenter cohort study, inviting participants from multiple GI training programs. Trainee technical and cognitive skills were assessed using a validated competence assessment tool. An integrated, comprehensive data collection and reporting system was created to apply cumulative sum analysis to generate learning curves that were shared with program directors and trainees on a quarterly basis. RESULTS: Out of 183 fellowships invited, 129 trainees from 12 GI fellowships participated, with an overall trainee participation rate of 72.1% (93/129); the highest participation level was among first-year trainees (90.9%; 80/88), and the lowest was among third-year trainees (51.2%; 27/53). In all, 1,385 EGDs and 1,293 colonoscopies were assessed. On aggregate learning curve analysis, third-year trainees achieved competence in overall technical and cognitive skills, while first- and second-year trainees demonstrated the need for ongoing supervision and training in the majority of technical and cognitive skills. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated the feasibility of using a centralized feedback system for the evaluation and documentation of trainee performance in EGD and colonoscopy. Furthermore, third-year trainees achieved competence in both endoscopic procedures, validating the effectiveness of current training programs.


Assuntos
Colonoscopia/educação , Endoscopia do Sistema Digestório/educação , Gastroenterologia/educação , Acreditação , Competência Clínica , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Humanos , Curva de Aprendizado , Masculino , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Estudos Prospectivos
8.
J Natl Compr Canc Netw ; 17(9): 1032-1041, 2019 09 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31487681

RESUMO

Identifying individuals with hereditary syndromes allows for improved cancer surveillance, risk reduction, and optimized management. Establishing criteria for assessment allows for the identification of individuals who are carriers of pathogenic genetic variants. The NCCN Guidelines for Genetic/Familial High-Risk Assessment: Colorectal provide recommendations for the assessment and management of patients with high-risk colorectal cancer syndromes. These NCCN Guidelines Insights focus on criteria for the evaluation of Lynch syndrome and considerations for use of multigene testing in the assessment of hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Colorretais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Estudos de Associação Genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Polipose Adenomatosa do Colo/diagnóstico , Polipose Adenomatosa do Colo/genética , Polipose Adenomatosa do Colo/terapia , Neoplasias Colorretais/terapia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Síndromes Neoplásicas Hereditárias/diagnóstico , Síndromes Neoplásicas Hereditárias/genética , Síndromes Neoplásicas Hereditárias/terapia , Medição de Risco
9.
Gastrointest Endosc ; 90(3): 395-403, 2019 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31004598

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Surveillance endoscopy is recommended after endoscopic eradication therapy (EET) for Barrett's esophagus (BE) because of the risk of recurrence. Currently recommended biopsy protocols are based on expert opinion and consist of sampling visible lesions followed by random 4-quadrant biopsy sampling throughout the length of the original BE segment. Despite this protocol, some recurrences are not visibly identified. We aimed to identify the anatomic location and histology of recurrences after successful EET with the goal of developing a more efficient and evidence-based surveillance biopsy protocol. METHODS: We performed an analysis of a large multicenter database of 443 patients who underwent EET and achieved complete eradication of intestinal metaplasia (CE-IM) from 2005 to 2015. The endoscopic location of recurrence relative to the squamocolumnar junction (SCJ), visible recurrence identified during surveillance endoscopy, and time to recurrence after CE-IM were assessed. RESULTS: Fifty patients with BE recurrence were studied in the final analysis. Seventeen patients (34%) had nonvisible recurrences. In this group, biopsy specimens demonstrating recurrence were taken from within 2 cm of the SCJ in 16 of these 17 patients (94%). Overall, 49 of 50 recurrences (98%) occurred either within 2 cm of the SCJ or at the site of a visible lesion. Late recurrences (>1 year) were more likely to be visible than early (<1 year) recurrences (P = .006). CONCLUSIONS: Recurrence after EET detected by random biopsy sampling is identified predominately in the distal esophagus and occurs earlier than visible recurrences. As such, we suggest a modified biopsy protocol with targeted sampling of visible lesions followed by random biopsy sampling within 2 cm of the SCJ to optimize detection of recurrence after EET. (Clinical trial registration number: NCT02634645.).


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Esôfago de Barrett/patologia , Biópsia/métodos , Neoplasias Esofágicas/patologia , Esôfago/patologia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Adenocarcinoma/cirurgia , Idoso , Esôfago de Barrett/diagnóstico , Esôfago de Barrett/cirurgia , Ressecção Endoscópica de Mucosa , Neoplasias Esofágicas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Esofágicas/cirurgia , Esofagoscopia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico , Ablação por Radiofrequência , Recidiva , Conduta Expectante
10.
J Natl Compr Canc Netw ; 16(8): 939-949, 2018 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30099370

RESUMO

The NCCN Guidelines for Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Screening outline various screening modalities as well as recommended screening strategies for individuals at average or increased-risk of developing sporadic CRC. The NCCN panel meets at least annually to review comments from reviewers within their institutions, examine relevant data, and reevaluate and update their recommendations. These NCCN Guidelines Insights summarize 2018 updates to the NCCN Guidelines, with a primary focus on modalities used to screen individuals at average-risk for CRC.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Colorretais/diagnóstico , Detecção Precoce de Câncer/estatística & dados numéricos , Programas de Rastreamento/normas , Oncologia/normas , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biomarcadores Tumorais/sangue , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Biomarcadores Tumorais/isolamento & purificação , Colonoscopia/métodos , Colonoscopia/normas , Neoplasias Colorretais/sangue , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , DNA de Neoplasias/genética , DNA de Neoplasias/isolamento & purificação , Detecção Precoce de Câncer/métodos , Fezes/química , Humanos , Imunoquímica/métodos , Imunoquímica/normas , Programas de Rastreamento/métodos , Oncologia/métodos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sangue Oculto , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Septinas/genética , Sociedades Médicas/normas , Fatores de Tempo , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/normas , Estados Unidos
11.
Surg Endosc ; 32(12): 4841-4849, 2018 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29770887

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Iatrogenic perforations related to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) are rare events, carrying with it a mortality of up to 8%. Given the rarity of this adverse event, there remains limited data and continued uncertainties when choosing therapeutic strategies. Our aims were to evaluate the management of ERCP-related perforations and compare outcomes based on timing of recognition. METHODS: The endoscopic databases of two tertiary care centers were interrogated to identify consecutive adult patients who sustained ERCP-related perforation over a 10-year period from 2006 to 2016. Electronic medical records were reviewed to extract demographic data, perforation type, management strategies, clinical data, and patient outcomes. RESULTS: 14,045 ERCP's were performed during our 10-year study period. Sixty-three patients (average age 62.3 ± 2.38 years, 76% female) with ERCP-related perforations were included. Stapfer I perforations were found in 14 (22.2%) patients, Stapfer II in 24 (38.1%), and Stapfer III and IV perforations were identified in 16 (25.4%) and 9 (14.28%), respectively. Forty-seven (74.6%) perforations were recognized immediately during the ERCP, whereas 16 (25.4%) were recognized late. Endoscopic therapy was attempted in 35 patients in whom perforations were identified immediately, and was technically successful in 33 (94.3%). In all, 4 (1 immediate/ 3 delayed) patients required percutaneous drainage and 9 (5 immediate/ 4 delayed) surgery. Length of hospital stay, ICU admission were significantly shorter and incidence of SIRS was significantly lower when perforation was recognized immediately. CONCLUSIONS: Immediate recognition of ERCP-related perforations leads to more favorable patient outcomes; with lower incidence of SIRS, less need for ICU level care, and shorter hospital stay.


Assuntos
Colangiopancreatografia Retrógrada Endoscópica/efeitos adversos , Diagnóstico Tardio , Perfuração Intestinal/diagnóstico , Drenagem , Feminino , Humanos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Perfuração Intestinal/classificação , Perfuração Intestinal/etiologia , Perfuração Intestinal/terapia , Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Admissão do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Síndrome de Resposta Inflamatória Sistêmica/etiologia
12.
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol ; 16(11): 1834-1835, 2018 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29505906

RESUMO

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma recurrence after surgery (PARaS) is associated with poor outcomes. PARaS is locoregional in 50%-80%, effecting the resection bed and adjacent lymphatics.1-3 Detection of PARaS via endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is challenging because recurrent malignancy is difficult to distinguish from normal postoperative changes. Diagnosing PARaS is important, because salvage chemotherapy/radiation improves survival.4,5 The purpose of this investigation is to determine the clinical utility of EUS fine-needle aspiration (FNA) in patients with suspected PARaS.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Adenocarcinoma/cirurgia , Testes Diagnósticos de Rotina/métodos , Aspiração por Agulha Fina Guiada por Ultrassom Endoscópico/métodos , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/cirurgia , Humanos , Estudos Prospectivos , Recidiva
14.
Gastrointest Endosc ; 87(1): 150-157, 2018 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28713067

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Transmural drainage with double-pigtail plastic stents (DPPSs) was the mainstay of endoscopic therapy for symptomatic peripancreatic fluid collections (PPFCs) until the introduction of lumen-apposing covered self-expanding metal stents (LAMSs). Currently, there are limited data regarding the efficacy and adverse event rate of LAMSs compared with DPPSs. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of EUS-guided PPFC drainage at a single tertiary care center between 2008 and 2015 was performed. Patients were classified based on drainage method: DPPSs and LAMSs. Adverse event rates, unplanned endoscopic procedures/necrosectomies, and PPFC resolution within 6 months were recorded. Significant bleeding was defined as necessitating transfusion or requiring endoscopic treatment/radiographic embolization. Subsequent endoscopic procedures were defined as unplanned procedures; stent removals were excluded. RESULTS: A total of 103 patients met inclusion criteria (84 DPPSs, 19 LAMSs). PPFCs were classified as walled-off necrosis (WON) in 23 (14 DPPSs, 9 LAMSs). There were significantly more bleeding episodes in the LAMS group (4 [19%]: 2 splenic artery pseudo-aneurysms, 1 collateral vessel bleed, 1 intracavitary variceal bleed; P = .0003) than in the DPPS group (1 (1%]: stent erosion into the gastric wall). One perforation occurred in the DPPS group. Unplanned repeat endoscopy was more frequent in the LAMS group (10% vs 26%, P = .07). Among retreated LAMS patients in with WON, 5 (56%) had obstruction by necrotic debris. In patients for whom follow-up was available, 67 of 70 (96%) with DPPSs and 16 of 17 (94%) with LAMSs had resolution of PPFCs within 6 months (P = .78). CONCLUSIONS: DPPSs and LAMSs are effective methods for treatment of PPFCs. In our cohort, use of LAMSs was associated with significantly higher rates of procedure-related bleeding and greater need for repeat endoscopic intervention.


Assuntos
Pancreatopatias/cirurgia , Plásticos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Stents Metálicos Autoexpansíveis , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Endossonografia , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pancreatite Necrosante Aguda/cirurgia , Hemorragia Pós-Operatória/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Stents , Cirurgia Assistida por Computador , Adulto Jovem
15.
J Natl Compr Canc Netw ; 15(12): 1465-1475, 2017 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29223984

RESUMO

The NCCN Guidelines for Genetic/Familial High-Risk Assessment: Colorectal provide recommendations for the management of patients with high-risk syndromes associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). The NCCN Panel for Genetic/Familial High-Risk Assessment: Colorectal meets at least annually to assess comments from reviewers within their institutions, examine relevant data, and reevaluate and update their recommendations. These NCCN Guidelines Insights focus on genes newly associated with CRC risk on multigene panels, the associated evidence, and currently recommended management strategies.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Colorretais/etiologia , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Genética , Humanos , Medição de Risco/métodos , Fatores de Risco
16.
Endosc Int Open ; 5(6): E430-E449, 2017 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28573176

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Conflicting data exist with regard to recurrence rates of intestinal metaplasia (IM) and dysplasia after achieving complete eradication of intestinal metaplasia (CE-IM) in Barrett's esophagus (BE) patients. AIM: (i) To determine the incidence of recurrent IM and dysplasia achieving CE-IM and (ii) to compare recurrence rates between treatment modalities [radiofrequency ablation (RFA) with or without endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) vs stepwise complete EMR (SRER)]. METHODS: A systematic search was performed for studies reporting on outcomes and estimates of recurrence rates after achieving CE-IM. Pooled incidence [per 100-patient-years (PY)] and risk ratios with 95 %CI were obtained. Heterogeneity was measured using the I2 statistic. Subgroup analyses, decided a priori, were performed to explore heterogeneity in results. RESULTS: A total of 39 studies were identified (25-RFA, 13-SRER, and 2 combined). The pooled incidence of any recurrence was 7.5 (95 %CI 6.1 - 9.0)/100 PY with a pooled incidence of IM recurrence rate of 4.8 (95 %CI 3.8 - 5.9)/100 PY, and dysplasia recurrence rate of 2.0 (95 %CI 1.5 - 2.5)/100 PY. Compared to the SRER group, the RFA group had significantly higher overall [8.6 (6.7 - 10.5)/100 PY vs. 5.1 (3.1 - 7)/100 PY, P  = 0.01] and IM recurrence rates [5.8 (4.3 - 7.3)/100 PY vs. 3.1 (1.7 - 4)/100 PY, P  < 0.01] with no difference in recurrence rates of dysplasia. Significant heterogeneity between studies was identified. The majority of recurrences were amenable to repeat endoscopic eradication therapy (EET). CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrate that the incidence rates of overall, IM, and dysplasia recurrence rates post-EET are not inconsiderable and reinforce the importance of close surveillance after achieving CE-IM.

17.
Oncotarget ; 8(15): 24250-24261, 2017 Apr 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28445954

RESUMO

To date, targeted therapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains largely unsuccessful in the clinic. Current genomics-based technologies are unable to reflect the quantitative, dynamic signaling changes in the tumor, and require larger tumor samples that are difficult to obtain in PDAC patients. Therefore, a highly sensitive functional tool that can reliably and comprehensively inform intra-tumoral signaling events is direly needed to guide treatment decision. We tested the utility of a highly sensitive proteomics-based functional diagnostic platform, Collaborative Enzyme Enhanced Reactive-immunoassay (CEERTM), on fine-needle aspiration (FNA) samples obtained from 102 patients with radiographically-evident pancreatic tumors. Two FNA passes were collected from each patient, hybridized to customized chips coated with an array of capture antibodies, and detected using two enzyme-conjugated antibodies which emit quantifiable signals. We demonstrate that this technique is highly sensitive in detecting total and phosphorylated forms of multiple signaling molecules in FNA specimens, with reasonable correlation of marker intensities between two different FNA passes. Notably, signals of several markers were significantly higher in PDAC compared to non-cancerous samples. In PDAC samples, we found high total c-Met signal to be associated with poor survival, and confirmed this finding using an independent PDAC tissue microarray.


Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais , Carcinoma Ductal Pancreático/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Ductal Pancreático/metabolismo , Imunoensaio , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/metabolismo , Proteômica , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biópsia por Agulha Fina , Carcinoma Ductal Pancreático/mortalidade , Carcinoma Ductal Pancreático/terapia , Endossonografia/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoensaio/métodos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/terapia , Prognóstico , Proteômica/métodos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Neoplasias Pancreáticas
18.
Endosc Int Open ; 5(3): E201-E208, 2017 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28317015

RESUMO

Background and study aims The American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) recently published guidelines for the management of asymptomatic pancreatic cystic neoplasms (PCNs). We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic characteristics of the AGA guidelines in appropriately recommending surgery for malignant PCNs. Patients and methods A retrospective multicenter study was performed of patients who underwent endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) for evaluation of PCNs who ultimately underwent surgical resection from 2004 - 2014. Demographics, EUS characteristics, fine-needle aspiration (FNA) results, type of resection, and final pathologic diagnosis were recorded. Patients were categorized into 2 groups (surgery or surveillance) based on what the AGA guidelines would have recommended. Performance characteristics for the diagnosis of cancer or high-grade dysplasia (HGD) on surgical pathology were calculated. Results Three hundred patients underwent surgical resection for PCNs, of whom the AGA guidelines would have recommended surgery in 121 (40.3 %) and surveillance in 179 (59.7 %) patients. Among patients recommended for surgery, 45 (37.2 %) had cancer, whereas 76 (62.8 %) had no cancer/HGD. Among patients recommended for surveillance, 170 (95.0 %) had no cancer/HGD; however, 9 (5.0 %) patients had cancer that would have been missed. For the finding of cancer/HGD on surgical pathology, the AGA guidelines had 83.3 % sensitivity (95 % CI 70.7 - 92.1), 69.1 % specificity (95 % CI 62.9 - 74.8), 37.2 % positive predictive value (95 % CI 28.6 - 46.4), 95.0 % negative predictive value (95 % CI 90.7 - 97.7), and 71.7 % accuracy (95 % CI 67.4 - 74.6). Conclusions The 2015 AGA guidelines would have resulted in 60 % fewer patients being referred for surgical resection, and accurately recommended surveillance in 95 % of patients with asymptomatic PCNs. Future prospective studies are required to validate these guidelines. Meeting presentations: Presented in part at Digestive Diseases Week 2016.

19.
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol ; 15(7): 1071-1078.e2, 2017 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28025154

RESUMO

BACKGROUND & AIMS: It is not clear exactly how many passes are required to determine whether pancreatic masses are malignant using endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA). We aimed to define the per-pass diagnostic yield of EUS-FNA for establishing the malignancy of a pancreatic mass, and identify factors associated with detection of malignancies. METHODS: In a prospective study, 239 patients with solid pancreatic masses were randomly assigned to groups that underwent EUS-FNA, with the number of passes determined by an on-site cytopathology evaluation or set at 7 passes, at 3 tertiary referral centers. A final diagnosis of pancreatic malignancy was made based on findings from cytology, surgery, or a follow-up evaluation at least 1 year after EUS-FNA. The cumulative sensitivity of detection of malignancy by EUS-FNA was calculated after each pass; in the primary analysis, lesions categorized as malignant or suspicious were considered as positive findings. RESULTS: Pancreatic malignancies were found in 202 patients (84.5% of the study population). EUS-FNA detected malignancies with 96% sensitivity (95% confidence interval [CI], 92%-98%); 4 passes of EUS-FNA detected malignancies with 92% sensitivity (95% CI, 87%-95%). Tumor size greater than 2 cm was the only variable associated with positive results from cytology analysis (odds ratio, 7.8; 95% CI, 1.9-31.6). In masses larger than 2 cm, 4 passes of EUS-FNA detected malignancies with 93% sensitivity (95% CI, 89%-96%) and in masses ≤2 cm, 6 passes was associated with 82% sensitivity (95% CI, 61%-93%). Sensitivity of detection did not increase with increasing number of passes. CONCLUSIONS: In a prospective study, we found 4 passes of EUS-FNA to be sufficient to detect malignant pancreatic masses; increasing the number of passes did not increase the sensitivity of detection. Tumor size greater than 2 cm was associated with malignancy, and a greater number of passes may be required to evaluate masses 2 cm or less. ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01386931.


Assuntos
Biópsia por Agulha Fina/métodos , Endossonografia/métodos , Neoplasias/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/diagnóstico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Centros de Atenção Terciária
20.
Endosc Int Open ; 4(9): E980-5, 2016 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27652305

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Selective biliary cannulation is unsuccessful in 5 % to 10 % of patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for malignant distal biliary obstruction (MDBO). Percutaneous biliary drainage (PBD) has been the gold standard, but endoscopic ultrasound guided rendezvous (EUSr) have been increasingly used for biliary decompression in this patient population. Our aim was to compare the initial success rate, long-term efficacy, and safety of PBD and EUSr in relieving MDBO after failed ERC Patients and methods: A retrospective study involving 50 consecutive patients who had an initial failed ERCP for MDBO. Twenty-five patients undergoing EUSr between 2008 - 2014 were compared to 25 patients who underwent PBD immediately prior to the introduction of EUSr at our center (2002 - 2008). Comparisons were made between the two groups with regard to technical success, duration of hospital stay and adverse event rates after biliary decompression. RESULTS: The mean age at presentation was 66.5 (±â€Š12.6 years), 28 patients (54.9 %) were female. The etiology of MDBO was pancreaticobiliary malignancy in 44 (88 %) and metastatic disease in 6 (12 %) cases. Biliary drainage was technically successful by EUSr in 19 (76 %) cases and by PBD in 25 (100 %) (P = 0.002). Median length of hospital stay after initial drainage was 1 day in the EUSr group vs 5 days in PBD group (P = 0.02). Repeat biliary intervention was required for 4 patients in the EUSr group and 15 in the PBD group (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Initial technical success with EUSr was significantly lower than with PBD, however when EUSr was successful, patients had a significantly shorter post-procedure hospital stay and required fewer follow-up biliary interventions. Meeting presentations: Annual Digestive Diseases Week 2015.

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