Effect of Combining Dhikr and Prayer Therapy on Pain and Vital Signs in Appendectomy Patients: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

Purpose: Dhikr and prayer reduce pain and improve a patient's vital signs. However, the interactions among these require further clarification in patients undergoing appendectomy. This study aimed to assess the effects of the combination of dhikr and prayer on pain, pulse rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation. Study design: Quasi-experimental design. Method: Pain, pulse, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation were measured via clinical examination immediately after leaving the recovery room at 1 and 2 hr after surgery in both the experimental and control groups. In total, 88 eligible participants were allocated to two groups: participants who received both dhikr and prayer (n = 44), and those who received routine care without analgesic therapy (n = 44). The chi-square test, independent t test, and general equation model were employed. Results: Respondents showed a significant interaction between group and time to decrease in pain, pulse, respiratory rate, and improved oxygen saturation, except for pain within 1 hr. The differences in all outcome scores between the groups after 1 and 2 hr were statistically significant, except for oxygen saturation after 1 hr. Conclusion: The combination of dhikr and prayer effectively decreased pain and improved vital signs. This helped nurses implement this procedure by promoting an essential culture of spiritual care for appendectomy patients.

Determinant factors of low birth weight in Indonesia: Findings from the 2017 Indonesian demographic and health survey.

BACKGROUND: Low birth weight (LBW) is still a significant problem in Indonesia because it affects the growth and development of infants. It is also one of the factors that increase the risk of developing chronic disease later in life. PURPOSE: The study aimed to analyse the determinants of LBW in Indonesia. METHODS: This cross-sectional analytic study used secondary data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS). Data on the maternal factors (maternal age, frequency of antenatal care (ANC) visits, education, and maternal smoking status), children's birth order, and socio-demographic factors of the 14,239 respondents were examined. The association between LBW and the independent variables was analysed using bivariate analysis with a chi-square test (X2), followed by multivariate analysis in the form of binary logistic regression. RESULTS: LBW was identified in 960 infants (6.74%). Fewer than four ANC visits [AOR = 1.86; 95% CI = 1.44-2.42], uneducated mothers [AOR = 2.09; 95% CI = 1.00-4.37], and mothers who finished only primary school [AOR = 1.45; 95% CI = 1.05-2.00] were significantly associated with the incidence of LBW. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that the frequency of ANC visits was a dominant factor in the incidence of LBW. PRACTICE IMPLICATION: To reduce LBW in Indonesia, the government must increase ANC visits through health promotion programmes and maintain ANC facilities and quality.

Prevalence and determinants of depressive symptoms among adults in Indonesia: A cross-sectional population-based national survey.

AIMS: To analyze the association between personal health conditions (self-rated health, physical function, and chronic conditions) and symptoms of depression in Indonesia. METHODS: Data were collected from the Indonesian family life survey 5. This study used a cross-sectional study design with a sample size of 17,734 respondents. We included depressive symptoms, self-rated health, physical function, chronic conditions, demographics and socioeconomic variables. The center for epidemiologic studies depression scale was used to measure symptoms of depression. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The results showed that 23.47% of respondents had depressive symptoms, 20.04% had poor self-rated health, 55.93% had a poor physical function, and 32.37% had at least one chronic disease. Respondents who had poor self-rated health, had poor physical function, or had a chronic condition were all had a significantly higher odds of experiencing symptoms of depression after controlling for demographic variables (age, sex, married, and education level), social-economic, and smoking status. CONCLUSION: Depressive symptoms were significantly associated with personal health conditions including self-rated health, physical functioning, and chronic conditions among community residents. Strategies that can improve personal health conditions needed to be studied at the community level to improve the level of mental health.

Prevalence and correlates of being bullied among adolescents in Indonesia: results from the 2015 Global School-based Student Health Survey.

INTRODUCTION: Violence against adolescents is prevalent in the world, yet this issue is neglected especially in developing countries. Bullying among adolescents negatively affects the victims in relation to emotional, physical, social and overall health status. This study was conducted to understand bullying and its associated factors in school-going adolescents in Indonesia. METHODS: This study was a correlational design with a cross-sectional approach. Data were obtained from the 2015 Indonesia Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS). As many as 9969 adolescents in schools were selected by probability proportional to size method and systematic sampling. Variables analyzed on this study were age, sex, smoking behavior, alcohol consumption, close friends and feeling of loneliness. The research instrument used the GSHS 2015 questionnaire. Chi-square (χ2) analysis and multiple logistic regression tests were conducted to determine the significance of each variable. RESULTS: A total of 19.9% of adolescents in Indonesian schools were victims of being bullied. Being bullied was associated with ≤14 years old [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.30, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17-1.45], being male (AOR 1.43, 95% CI 1.28-1.59), being a smoker (AOR 1.46, 95% CI 1.23-1.73), consuming alcohol (AOR 2.07, 95% CI 1.64-2.62), having no close friends (AOR 1.27, 95% CI 0.95-1.70) and feeling lonely (AOR 2.29, 95% CI 2.05-2.55). CONCLUSION: Indonesian in-school adolescents report a relatively high prevalence of having been bullied. Being bullied is related to various factors depending on personal and environmental factors. School communities and health professionals' attention to adolescents should be sensitized and this issue discussed, developing strategies and minimizing the negative effect on the adolescents. Policy makers need to consider developing a social platform among adolescents to facilitate students' interaction.

Determinants of smoking behavior among young males in rural Indonesia.

INTRODUCTION: A high prevalence of tobacco smoking has been reported among adolescents and young adults, especially men, in lower-middle-income countries such Indonesia. Understanding the extent and determinants of smoking within this population, particularly those living in rural areas where smoking rates are anecdotally higher than in city areas, is essential to inform development of targeted smoking prevention and reduction programs. This study analyzes the prevalence and determinants of smoking behavior among young men in rural Indonesia. METHODS: Secondary data analysis of the 2012 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey: Adolescent Reproductive Health (IDHS ARH) were used. Data from 4811 rural males (15-24 years of age) were selected through two-stage stratified cluster sampling techniques. The chi-square (χ2) test and binary logistic regression were used to determine significant factors associated with tobacco smoking. RESULTS: More than half of this population in rural Indonesia were smokers. Significant factors associated with smoking were: age 20-24 years (odds ratio (OR) 2.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.4-3.2), working status (OR = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.95-2.57), low education level (OR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.52-2.45), access to magazines (OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.68-0.89) and access to the radio (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.12-1.48) at least once a week. CONCLUSIONS: A significant proportion of adolescents and young men in rural Indonesia smoke tobacco. Exposure to media with likely cigarette advertising (radio and magazines) and access to money via employment in the context of lower socio-economic and education levels elevate the risk of smoking. While Indonesian government campaigns targeting smoking are in place, further work is required to decrease smoking rates and prevent a future smoking-related health crisis for rural Indonesia's young men.