Zein and tannic acid hybrid particles improving physical stability, controlled release properties, and antimicrobial activity of cinnamon essential oil loaded Pickering emulsions.

Pickering emulsion loading essential oil has demonstrated a promising strategy as delivery system in food preservation, but localization in stability and antimicrobial activity limits application. In this study, Pickering emulsions co-loaded with tannic acid and cinnamon essential oil (ZTC) have been developed based on zein and tannic acid complexes (ZT) mediated interfacial engineering. Fourier transform infrared, fluorescence spectroscopy, and molecular docking results indicated tannic acid altered the structural of zein. Interfacial tension results indicated that tannic acid accelerated the adsorbed speed of zein particles by decreased interfacial tension (11.99-9.96 mN/m). ZT5 formed a viscoelastic and dense layer in oil-water interface than that for other ZTs, which improved stability and control release performance of ZTC. Furthermore, the ZTC showed an effective antimicrobial activity against spoilage organisms Pseudomonad paralactis MN10 and Lactobacillus sakei VMR17. These findings provide new insight for developing co-loaded multiple antimicrobial agents within Pickering emulsion as a delivery system.

Multi-integrated approach for unraveling small open reading frames potentially associated with secondary metabolism in Streptomyces.

IMPORTANCE: Due to their small size and special chemical features, small open reading frame (smORF)-encoding peptides (SEPs) are often neglected. However, they may play critical roles in regulating gene expression, enzyme activity, and metabolite production. Studies on bacterial microproteins have mainly focused on pathogenic bacteria, which are importance to systematically investigate SEPs in streptomycetes and are rich sources of bioactive secondary metabolites. Our study is the first to perform a global identification of smORFs in streptomycetes. We established a peptidogenomic workflow for non-model microbial strains and identified multiple novel smORFs that are potentially linked to secondary metabolism in streptomycetes. Our multi-integrated approach in this study is meaningful to improve the quality and quantity of the detected smORFs. Ultimately, the workflow we established could be extended to other organisms and would benefit the genome mining of microproteins with critical functions for regulation and engineering useful microorganisms.

Effects of vitamin D supplementation on serum lipid profile in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the commonest endocrine disorder in reproductive-aged women. In addition to the reproductive consequences, PCOS is also characterized by a metabolic disorder, which may play a part in the etiology of anovulation and has important implications for long-term health as well. Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in PCOS and there is a close relationship between metabolic dysfunction and vitamin D status in women with PCOS. The purpose of this systematic analysis is to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum lipid profiles in patients with PCOS. METHODS: We will search five databases for relative studies: Medline, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov and identified all reports of randomized controlled trials published prior to July 2020. Two authors will independently scan the articles searched, extract the data from articles included, and assess the risk of bias by Cochrane tool of risk of bias. Disagreements will be resolved by discussion among authors. All analysis will be performed based on the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Fixed-effects model or random-effects model was used to calculate pooled estimates of weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: This review will be to assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum lipid profiles in patients with PCOS. The results of the study will be published in a scientific journal after peer-review. CONCLUSIONS: These findings will provide guidance to clinicians and patients on the use of vitamin D for PCOS with dyslipidemia. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study is a protocol for a systematic review of vitamin D as a treatment of dyslipidemia in PCOS patients. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: INPLASY202050007.