Paranasal sinus angiosarcoma with facial paralysis as a novel manifestation: a case report and literature review.

BACKGROUND: Paranasal sinus angiosarcoma is an uncommon malignancy, with only a few reported cases worldwide. Although it exhibits multiple symptoms, facial paralysis has not been previously documented as a noticeable presentation. CASE PRESENTATION: In this case, we report a 40-year-old male who presented with facial numbness and pain for one month, weakness of his facial muscles for 15 days, and recurrent right epistaxis for 1 year. He had a history of nasal inflammatory polyps with chronic sinusitis. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed space-occupying lesions in the right nasal cavity and maxillary sinus, with bone destruction occurring in the sinus wall and turbinate. This patient then underwent endoscopic surgery. According to the histopathological and immunohistochemical results, he was eventually diagnosed with paranasal sinus angiosarcoma in April 2021. To date, this patient has not initiated any radiotherapy or chemotherapy and has survived with lymphatic metastasis for at least 3 years. CONCLUSIONS: This manuscript suggests that paranasal sinus angiosarcoma can present with facial paralysis. Moreover, pathological and immunohistochemical tests are still vital for diagnosing paranasal sinus angiosarcoma and differential diagnosis. Additionally, regular follow-up is crucial for patients with paranasal sinus angiosarcoma, enabling monitoring of recurrence, metastasis, and recovery while contributing valuable clinical data to understanding this rare disease and associated research endeavours.

Erchen Plus Huiyanzhuyu Decoction Inhibits the Growth of Laryngeal Carcinoma in a Mouse Model of Phlegm-Coagulation-Blood-Stasis Syndrome via the STAT3/Cyclin D1 Pathway.

Erchen plus Huiyanzhuyu decoction (EHD), a Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) formula that consists of Erchen decoction and Huiyanzhuyu decoction, has achieved satisfactory results in the clinic. The main function of EHD is to remove phlegm and blood stasis, and EHD is suitable for phlegm-coagulation-blood-stasis (PCBS) syndrome in laryngeal cancer (LC). In this study, a xenograft mouse model of LC with PCBS syndrome was constructed by feeding a high-fat diet, swimming in ice water, and subcutaneously injecting epinephrine hydrochloride for 2 weeks. Based on the successful Chinese medicine syndrome model, Hep2-luciferase-GFP cells were injected subcutaneously under the armpit of the right upper limb in mice to form tumours. A mouse model of LC with PCBS syndrome was established via heterotopic transplantation. Then, the mice received intragastric administration of different concentrations of EHD daily, and cisplatin (DDP) was intraperitoneally injected every week for 21 days. Tumour fluorescence in mice was measured with a living animal imager on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 during treatment. The results of this experiment confirmed that a mouse model of Chinese medicine syndrome was successfully constructed. Moreover, EHD slowed the growth of xenograft tumours in nude mice; decreased the expression levels of STAT3, p-STAT3, and cyclin D1; and upregulated the expression level of P27. In brief, EHD inhibited laryngeal tumour growth in a xenograft mouse model of PCBS syndrome and regulated the STAT3/cyclin D1 signalling pathway. This study was the first to construct a Chinese medicine xenograft mouse model of LC with PCBS syndrome; in addition, this study clarified that EHD regulated the STAT3/cyclin D1 signalling pathway to inhibit the growth of LC and that EHD may be a promising novel therapeutic compound for the treatment of patients with LC.

Erchen decoction plus huiyanzhuyu decoction inhibits the cell cycle, migration and invasion and induces the apoptosis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Laryngeal carcinoma (LC) is one of the most common malignant head and neck cancers with high incidence and mortality rates. Erchen decoction plus Huiyanzhuyu decoction (EHD) is commonly used for treating LC patients and produces beneficial results. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of EHD remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY: The present study aimed to analyse the anticancer effects of EHD on the LC cell cycle, apoptosis, migration and invasion in vitro and to explore the underlying biological mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: TU212 and Hep-2 cells were used. The antitumour effects of EHD were detected by CCK8, microscopy, flow cytometry, EdU incorporation, Hoechst 33342 staining, wound-healing, and transwell assays to assess viability, morphology, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration and invasion, respectively. Furthermore, STAT3 and related proteins were evaluated in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) cells by Western blot (WB) analysis. RESULTS: EHD treatment significantly decreased STAT3 and p-STAT3 protein expression levels in LSCC cells. EHD blocked the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase and induced LSCC apoptosis. Moreover, the viability, migration, and invasion of LSCC cells were markedly inhibited by EHD. In addition, the expression of the cell cycle-related proteins cyclin D1 and cyclin B1 was downregulated in LSCC cells, but P27 expression was increased after EHD treatment. Regarding apoptosis-related proteins, EHD also reduced Bcl-2 expression but upregulated Bax and caspase-3 expression in LSCC cells. In the migration- and invasion-related protein analyses, EHD downregulated MMP-9 expression and upregulated E-cadherin expression. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that EHD has an anticancer effect in LSCC. EHD treatment induces apoptosis and inhibits the cell cycle, migration and invasion of LSCC cells, but further work is warranted to address the mechanisms.