RESUMO
Male breast cancer is a rare disease, accounting for only 1% of breast cancer diagnoses in the USA. The current literature suggests that genetic factors including BRCA2 mutations, family history, age, androgen/estrogen imbalance, and environmental exposures may predispose to male breast cancer. In this manuscript, we will review known and possible risk factors for male breast cancer, as well as describe the clinical patterns of the disease.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama Masculina/epidemiologia , Síndrome do Hamartoma Múltiplo/epidemiologia , Síndrome de Klinefelter/epidemiologia , Mutação , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Proteína BRCA2/genética , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Neoplasias da Mama Masculina/etiologia , Neoplasias da Mama Masculina/genética , Quinase do Ponto de Checagem 2/genética , Exposição Ambiental , Estrogênios/metabolismo , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Síndrome do Hamartoma Múltiplo/complicações , Humanos , Síndrome de Klinefelter/complicações , Masculino , Fatores de Risco , Esteroide 17-alfa-Hidroxilase/genéticaRESUMO
Male breast cancer is a rare disease. There are limited data to inform optimal treatment and follow-up strategies in this population. Currently, most follow-up guidelines are drawn from the vast literature on female breast cancer, despite the fact that male breast cancer has unique biological characteristics. In this review, we discuss clinical characteristics of male breast cancer as well as current best practices for long-term care with a focus on surveillance, screening, and treatment-related symptom management in male breast cancer survivors.
RESUMO
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in young women in the USA. Although breast cancer mortality has decreased overall, survival rates in young women remain lower than those in older women. Young women with breast cancer comprise a special population due to the aggressive biology of their tumors as well as their unique psychosocial concerns. Although general treatment principles are similar regardless of age, recent developments from research focused on younger women have provided new insights to guide treatment of this special population. This article will focus on these new developments in areas including endocrine therapy and fertility preservation as well as the unique treatment-related sequelae and psychosocial concerns among young women with breast cancer face.