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1.
Contemp Clin Trials ; 130: 107176, 2023 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37028504

RESUMO

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a multifactorial disease with an increasing prevalence worldwide due to the obesity pandemic. HM15211 (efocipegtrutide), a novel, long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1/glucagon/glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide triple incretin agonist has shown promising efficacy in in vitro, preclinical rodent models of NASH and phase 1 studies with manageable toxicity. Though liver biopsy is recommended for grading and staging of NASH, its invasive nature necessitates innovative approaches in clinical trials that decrease the burden of patients otherwise subjected to this invasive procedure. We report an innovative study design of phase 2 study of HM15211. METHODS: HM-TRIA-201 is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, 52-week, placebo-controlled, parallel-group adaptive design study of 217 patients with biopsy-proven NASH. The primary endpoint is the proportion of patients with complete resolution of steatohepatitis (defined as Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Activity Score of 0-1 for inflammation, 0 for ballooning, and any other value for steatosis) on overall histopathological reading and no worsening of liver fibrosis on NASH Clinical Research Network fibrosis score. An interim analysis is planned after 15 patients/group complete 26 weeks of treatment, after which one HM15211 dose group will be discontinued based on safety and efficacy risk-to-benefit analysis; patients of the dropped dosing arm will be re-randomized into 2 remaining HM15211 groups. CONCLUSION: The adaptive design study of HM15211 minimizes the number of patients to be exposed to a liver biopsy while optimizing the sample size of patients exposed to safe and effective doses of HM15211 to inform ideal dose for further clinical development in NASH.


Assuntos
Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica , Humanos , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/patologia , Método Duplo-Cego , Cirrose Hepática/patologia , Inflamação , Biópsia , Fígado/patologia
2.
Hepatol Commun ; 4(5): 670-680, 2020 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32363318

RESUMO

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a heterogeneous disease driven by genetic and environmental factors. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) serve as pleiotropic post-transcriptional regulators of cellular pathways. Although several miRNAs have been associated with NAFLD and fibrosis, there are limited studies in humans examining their differential association with pathogenic factors or histological features of NAFLD. We examined the differential relationships of five of the best-described circulating microRNAs (miR-34a, miR-122, miR-191, miR-192, and miR-200a) with histological features and pathogenic factors of NAFLD. A cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the relationship between relative levels of circulating microRNAs standardized by z-scores and histological features of NAFLD, common NAFLD genetic polymorphisms, and insulin resistance measured by the enhanced lipoprotein insulin resistance index in 132 subjects with biopsy-proven NAFLD. We found that miR-34a, miR-122, miR-192, miR-200a, but not miR-191, strongly correlate with fibrosis in NAFLD by increases of 0.20 to 0.40 SD (P < 0.005) with each stage of fibrosis. In multivariate analysis, miR-34a, miR-122, and miR-192 levels are independently associated with hepatic steatosis and fibrosis, but not lobular inflammation or ballooning degeneration, whereas miR-200a is only associated with fibrosis. Among the four miRNAs, miR-34a, miR-122, and miR-192 are associated with pathogenic factors of NAFLD, including insulin resistance measured by eLP-IR, patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 I148M, and transmembrane 6 superfamily 2 (TM6SF2) E167K polymorphisms. In contrast, miR-200a is only associated with the TM6SF2 E167K variant. Finally, miR-34a has the strongest predictive value for various stages of fibrosis, with C-statistic approximates-combined predictive score for miRNAs. Conclusion: miR-34a, miR-122, miR-192, and miR-200a demonstrate strong associations with NAFLD severity by histology, but differential associations with pathogenic factors.

4.
Drugs ; 75(12): 1373-92, 2015 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26201461

RESUMO

The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is increasing world-wide in parallel to the increase of the obesity epidemic. Insulin resistance (IR) and the accumulation of triglyceride-derived toxic lipid metabolites play a key role in its pathogenesis. Multiple biomarkers are being evaluated for the non-invasive diagnosis of NASH. However, a percutaneous liver biopsy is still the gold standard method; the minimal diagnostic criteria include the presence of >5% macrovesicular steatosis, inflammation, and liver cell ballooning. Several pharmaceutical agents have been evaluated for the treatment of NASH; however, no single therapy has been approved so far. Due to the increasing prevalence and the health burden, there is a high need to develop therapeutic strategies for patients with NASH targeting both those with early-stage disease as well as those with advanced liver fibrosis. There are unique challenges in the design of studies for these target populations. Collaborative efforts of health authorities, medical disease experts, and the pharmaceutical industry are ongoing to align options for a registrational pathway. Several companies pursuing different mechanisms of action are nearing the end of phase II with their candidates. This manuscript reviews those compounds with a variety of mode of actions that have been evaluated and/or are currently being tested with the goal of achieving a NAFLD/NASH indication.


Assuntos
Aprovação de Drogas , Descoberta de Drogas/tendências , Drogas em Investigação/uso terapêutico , Fármacos Gastrointestinais/uso terapêutico , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Drogas em Investigação/efeitos adversos , Fármacos Gastrointestinais/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Fígado/patologia , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/diagnóstico , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Resultado do Tratamento
5.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract ; 79(1): 48-55, 2008 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17716773

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: We have measured circulating plasma sCD40L as well as the platelet-surface of CD40L and its receptor in a sample of non-diabetic dyslipidemic patients and then evaluated its relationship with the insulin resistance (IR) and insulin secretion (IS) status. DESIGN AND METHODS: Anthropometric measurements, fasting glucose, insulin, lipids, and IR and IS [estimated by the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)] were assessed in 86 dyslipidemic subjects. Circulating sCD40L were determined by ELISA. By flow cytometry, CD40L, CD40 and P-selectin were evaluated in the platelet-surface. RESULTS: Non-diabetic dyslipidemic IR patients (HOMA-IR>or=3.8) showed higher plasma sCD40L concentrations and a more unfavorable cardiovascular risk profile (higher BMI, waist, fasting insulin and mean triglyceride levels) than dyslipidemic patients with low IS (HOMA beta-cell<98). In a multivariable model, only measures of insulin sensitivity and higher waist remained significantly associated with increased plasma levels of sCD40L. Surface expression of CD40L on platelets decreased significantly and CD40 increased in IR patients, compared with patients with low IS. CONCLUSIONS: IR dyslipidemic patients show increased plasma sCD40L and decreased platelet-membrane CD40L expression compared to dyslipidemic patients with low IS.


Assuntos
Ligante de CD40/sangue , Dislipidemias/sangue , Resistência à Insulina/fisiologia , Insulina/metabolismo , Adulto , Plaquetas/fisiologia , Pressão Sanguínea , Tamanho Corporal , Peso Corporal , Dislipidemias/tratamento farmacológico , Dislipidemias/imunologia , Feminino , Citometria de Fluxo , Humanos , Inibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Redutases/uso terapêutico , Insulina/sangue , Secreção de Insulina , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
6.
Actual. nutr ; 2(2): 131-141, jun. 2001. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-413433

RESUMO

Latinoamérica presenta una alta prevalecencia de obesidad, incrementada en los últimos años, y provocando un mayor riesgo en enfermedades crónicas en sus habitantes. Esta revisión de diferentes estudios realizados sobre el tema en la región sintetiza datos de tendencia, datos en población infantil, y en grupos indígenas. También analiza la asociación entre obesidad y diferentes factores de riesgo


Assuntos
América Latina/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Obesidade
7.
Rev. Soc. Argent. Diabetes ; 33(3): 119-27, sept. 1999. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-288401

RESUMO

El estudio de la regulación del balance enérgetico parte del conocimiento de los efectos de las lesiones en hipotálamo lateral y medial en animales. La interrupción del hipotálamo ventromedial origina obesidad hiperfágica, mientras que la lesión del hipotálamo lateral causa hipofagia y pérdida de peso, sugiriendo la existencia de un centro ventromedial de la "saciedad" y un centro lateral o "del hambre". La inyección de hormonas y neuropéptidos presentes en el hipotálamo ayudó a reconocer los efectos de la noradrenalina, la dopamina y la serotonina, así como de neuropéptido Y, factor liberador de corticotrofina y galanina. Más recientemente, el reconocimiento de la leptina-el producto del gen ob-marcó el comienzo de una etapa de primordial importancia para la comprensión de la regulación del balance energético. La combinación de aproximaciones genéticas y bioquímicas permitió el reconociminto de numerosos mediadores de la acción de la leptina, así como de otros péptidos relacionados con el hambre-saciedad. La complejidad de este sistema dificulta el uso potencial de dicha hormona en el tratamiento de la obesidad humana


Assuntos
Humanos , Hipotálamo , Metabolismo , Obesidade , Peptídeos
8.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 59(6): 727-30, 1999.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-253529

RESUMO

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue validar la estimación de gasto energético en niños a partir de la medición de la frecuencia cardíaca (FC) y del nível de actividad física en un período controlado de tiempo, para hacerlo extensible posteriormente a condiciones de vida libre. El método usado como patrón fue la calorimetría indirecta. Estudiamos 25 niños (12 mujeres, 13 varones), 12.1 + 0.7 años de edad. Durante aproximadamente 60 minutos, se midió el consumo de oxigeno (VO(2)) y la producción de dióxido de carbono (VCO(2)) por calorimetria indirecta. Las mediciones se realizaron en distintas situaciones: reposo, sentados, parados y caminando a 4 velocidades diferentes. Simultáneamente, se valoró, minuto por minuto la frecuencia cardíaca y el nivel de movimiento. Cada minuto de frecuencia caríaca (FC) fue convertido a VO(2)) y gasto energético, usando 2 ecuaciones diferentes para situaciones activas e inactivas. Cuando las cuentas (movimentos) fueron 7 o superiores en el minuto estudiado y los 2 minutos precedentes, y el valor de FC superior a un valor umbral prefijado (intersección de las líneas definidas por las 2 funciones) se utilizó una ecuación lineal ("activa"): (VO(2) = K + b FC). Una función cúbica se usó en los minutos restantes; "no activos": (VO(2) = K + b FC(3)). La media del consumo de oxigeno estimado por ecuación para cada minuto no difirió de la medida del valor medido por calorimetria (ANOVA, p = 0.99). El VO(2) medido correlacionó significativamente con el VO(2) estimado por las ecuaciones (r = 0.99, p < 0.01). Se halló, además, alto grado de acuerdo. Conclusiones. La combinación de la frecuencia cardíaca y el nivel de actividad física estimó el gasto energético con una precisión similar al método de calorimetría indirecta.


Assuntos
Criança , Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , Metabolismo Energético/fisiologia , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia , Consumo de Oxigênio/fisiologia , Análise de Variância , Calorimetria Indireta
9.
Rev. Soc. Argent. Diabetes ; 30(4): 159-66, 1996. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-229753

RESUMO

Es sabido que el exceso de grasa corporal, principalmente sudistribución abdominal, incrementa los riesgos de alteraciones lipoproteicas. Elobjetivo de este estudio fue investigar en un grupo de mujeres que demandaron tratamiento antiobesidad, la asociación entre un set de mediciones antropométricas (MA) y un set de parámetros lipoproteicos (PLP), el peso de cada una de estas variables en la asociación y su valor predictivo. Estudiamos 105 mujeres (edad 40.2ñ 12) que concurrieron a diversos consultorios en busca de tratamiento antiobesidad. Las MA evaluadas fueron: índice de masa corporal (IMC), porcentaje de grasa corporal por el método de bioimpedancia eléctrica (BIA), cintura, cintura/cadera (C/C), y cuello. Los PLP estudiados fueron: colesterol total (CT), LDL y HDLcolesterol y triglicéridos (trig.) Por el análisis de correlación simple hallamos asociación entre cada una de las MA y los niveles de trig. La asociación entre CT e IMC, BIA, cintura y C/C fue menor pero significativa. La correlación entreel set de MA y el de PLP fue estudiada por el modelo de correlación canónica, hallándose correlacilón global altamente significativa (r=0.612,p<0.00012). Los niveles de trig, colesterol y LDL se hallaron significativamente asociados con lasMA. Mediante el análisis de regresión lineal múltiple, hallamos asociación entrecintura y niveles de trig. Conclusiones: Se halló asociación entre el set de MA y el set de PLP. La distribución abdominal del exceso graso valorado por el perímetro de la cintura fue el mejor predictor de hipertrigliceridemia


Assuntos
Humanos , Antropometria , Lipoproteínas , Obesidade
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