Fatores associados ao histórico de prática de atividade física em gestantes / Factors associated with a history of practicing physical activity among pregnant women

A necessidade do conhecimento dos fatores externos que podem influenciar na causalidade de eventos deletérios à gestação é de grande relevância, pois podem determinar a morbi-mortalidade infantil. Sabe-se que a prática de atividade física orientada, ao contrário, executada durante a gestação, traz benefícios. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar descritivamente os aspectos sociodemográficos, de saúde, estilo de vida em gestantes com histórico de prática de atividade física (PAF). Um estudo exploratório do tipo corte transversal foi composto por 164 grávidas, divididas em dois grupos: o GRUPO 01, de mulheres com histórico de prática de atividade física, e o GRUPO 02, de mulheres sem histórico de prática de atividade física. Todas responderam a um questionário para coletar dados sociodemográficos e de estilo de vida, além de informações acerca do histórico de prática de atividade física. Inicialmente, foram estimadas as freqüências das variáveis estudadas e então obtidas as medidas de associação (RP e IC 95%) entre o histórico de PAF e as variáveis em questão. Os resultados demonstraram uma precariedade no acesso aos serviços básicos de saúde, renda e escolaridade baixas, e a falta de prática de atividade física regular antes e durante a gestação.

The association between postmenopausal osteoporosis and periodontal disease.

BACKGROUND: The clinical importance of systemic bone loss as a contributory factor to alveolar bone loss and the subsequent loss of teeth merits further study, given that osteoporosis and periodontal disease lead to significantly increased morbidity and mortality and higher public expenditure of funds. This case-control study evaluated the association between osteoporosis and periodontal disease. METHODS: The sample consisted of 139 postmenopausal women: 48 in the case group (with periodontal disease) and 91 in the control group (without periodontal disease). The diagnosis of periodontal disease was established following a complete clinical examination using measurements of probing depth, gingival recession and hyperplasia, clinical attachment loss, and bleeding index, and confirmed by panoramic radiography. The diagnosis of osteoporosis was made by reviewing densitometry reports obtained previously. Descriptive, stratified, and logistic regression analyses were applied to the data collected. Comparison of proportions was performed using the chi(2) and Fisher tests. Association measurements (odds ratios [ORs]) with and without adjustment for confounding factors and control for effect modifiers were obtained at a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: The OR(unadjusted) for the principal association was 2.58 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01 to 6.82). In subgroup analyses of the stratified model, the OR(unadjusted) for low education was 6.40 (95% CI: 1.77 to 23.18). When adjusted for smoking habit and age, the OR(adjusted) was 7.05 (95% CI: 1.90 to 26.19), which also was statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and low educational levels have a greater chance of having periodontal disease than do those without osteoporosis.

Periodontal status as predictor of prematurity and low birth weight.

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to verify the relation between periodontal status and prematurity/low birth weight. METHODS: a case control study of 211 women, 44 being mothers of children born with weight below 2.500g or gestational age of less than 37 weeks (case group) and 177 mothers of children born with weight of over 2.500g or more and gestational age of 37 weeks or more (control group). The women were invited to reply to a questionnaire during the interview. A single dentist performed a complete periodontal exam in the oral cavity of each participant, including: probing depth, recession, plaque index, bleeding on probing, and clinical attachment loss measurements. Descriptive analysis of the study variables was performed and the statistical significance was calculated at 5%, using the chi-squared test. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in the clinical parameters between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: The findings showed no association between periodontal status and prematurity/low birth weight.