Prognostic value analysis and survival model construction of different treatment methods for advanced intestinal type gastric adenocarcinoma.

Background: Intestinal-type gastric adenocarcinoma, representing 95 % of gastric malignancies, originates from the malignant transformation of gastric gland cells. Despite its prevalence, existing methods for prognosis evaluation of this cancer subtype are inadequate. This study aims to enhance patient-specific prognosis evaluation by analyzing the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic risk factors of intestinal-type gastric adenocarcinoma patients using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program of the National Cancer Institute (NCI). Methods: We extracted clinical data for patients diagnosed with intestinal-type gastric adenocarcinoma between 2010 and 2015 from the SEER database, selecting 257 cases based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Independent risk factors for overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were identified using a Cox regression model. A nomogram model for predicting OS or CSS was developed from the Cox risk regression analysis and validated through the consistency index (C-index), ROC curve, and calibration curve. Results: Age, primary tumor resection, chemotherapy, lymph node metastasis, and tumor size were identified as independent prognostic factors for OS and CSS (P < 0.05). The nomogram model, constructed from these indicators, demonstrated superior predictive consistency for OS and CSS compared to the AJCC-TNM staging system. ROC curve analysis confirmed the model's higher accuracy, and calibration curve analysis indicated good agreement between the nomogram's predictions and actual observed outcomes. Conclusion: The nomogram model derived from SEER database analyses accurately predicts OS and CSS for patients with intestinal-type gastric adenocarcinoma. This model promises to facilitate more tailored treatments in clinical practice.

Precise diagnosis and risk stratification of prostate cancer by comprehensive serum metabolic fingerprints: a prediction model study.

OBJECTIVES: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies in men worldwide and has caused increasing clinical morbidity and mortality, making timely diagnosis and accurate staging crucial. The authors introduced a novel approach based on mass spectrometry for precise diagnosis and stratification of PCa to facilitate clinical decision-making. METHODS: Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry analysis of trace blood samples was combined with machine learning algorithms to construct diagnostic and stratification models. A total of 367 subjects, comprising 181 with PCa and 186 with non-PCa were enrolled. Additional 60 subjects, comprising 30 with PCa and 30 with non-PCa were enrolled as an external cohort for validation. Subsequent metabolomic analysis was carried out using Autoflex MALDI-TOF, and the mass spectra were introduced into various algorithms to construct different models. RESULTS: Serum metabolic fingerprints were successfully obtained from 181 patients with PCa and 186 patients with non-PCa. The diagnostic model based on the eight signals demonstrated a remarkable area under curve of 100% and was validated in the external cohort with the area under curve of 87.3%. Fifteen signals were selected for enrichment analysis, revealing the potential metabolic pathways that facilitate tumorigenesis. Furthermore, the stage prediction model with an overall accuracy of 85.9% precisely classified subjects with localized disease and those with metastasis. The risk stratification model, with an overall accuracy of 89.6%, precisely classified the subjects as low-risk and high-risk. CONCLUSIONS: Our study facilitated the timely diagnosis and risk stratification of PCa and provided new insights into the underlying mechanisms of metabolic alterations in PCa.

Comparison of three dimensional reconstruction and conventional computer tomography angiography in patients undergoing zero-ischemia laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.

BACKGROUND: With the development of three dimensional (3D) reconstruction and printing technology, it has been widely using in the field of urology. However, there have been few studies reporting the role of 3D reconstruction in zero-ischemia partial nephrectomy (PN). The aim of this study was to assess the role of 3D reconstruction and conventional computer tomography angiography (CTA) in zero-ischemia laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN). METHODS: A total of 60 consecutive patients undergoing zero-ischemia LPN between October 2017 and March 2018 who underwent CTA (CTA group including 30 patients) and 3D reconstruction (3D group including the remaining 30 patients) preoperatively were included. 3D reconstruction and CTA images were prepared which were used to demonstrate the number and spatial interrelationships of the location of renal tumors and tumor feeding arteries. These radiological findings were directly correlated with intraoperative surgical findings at laparoscopy. Baseline, perioperative variables and the rate of accurate tumor feeding artery orientation were compared between groups. RESULTS: All LPNs were completed without conversion to renal hilar clamping or open surgery. Preoperative 3D reconstruction identified that 15 patients had only one tumor feeding artery, 12 had two, and another 3 had three, while the conventional CTA revealed that 22 patients had one tumor feeding artery, 8 had two (P > 0.05). The mean operation time was shorter and estimated blood loss was less in the 3D group (P < 0.05) and the rate of accurate tumor feeding artery dissection was higher in the 3D group (91.7%) in comparison with the CTA group (84.2%). The baseline characteristics and renal function outcomes had no statistical differences between groups. CONCLUSIONS: 3D reconstruction can provide comprehensive information for the preoperative evaluation and intraoperative orientation about tumor feeding arteries that may facilitate tumor resection during zero-ischemia LPN for renal tumors.

Three-dimensional reconstruction facilitates off-clamp laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for stage cT1b renal tumors.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the role of three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of T1b renal tumors in the off-clamp laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN). METHODS: A total of 40 consecutive patients undergoing LPN for stage cT1b renal tumor between January 2018 and July 2018 were included. Twenty received off-clamp LPN under the guidance of 3D reconstruction (3D group), and remaining 20 underwent off-clamp LPN under the guidance of conventional computer tomography arteriography (CTA group). The demographics, perioperative characteristics and renal function were compared between groups. RESULTS: All the procedures were performed successfully without conversion to main renal artery clamping. There were no significant differences in the age, gender, body mass index (BMI), tumor size, and RENAL score between two groups. The mean operation time (OT) was significantly shorter and estimated blood loss markedly less in the 3D group than in the CTA group. Incidence of postoperative complications was 5% in the 3D group and 10% in the CTA group (P>0.05). 3D reconstruction of renal tumors resulted in more accurate dissection of the tumor artery (90.9%) as compared to conventional CTA (81.5%). All the patients had negative surgical margins. There was no significant difference in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) before and after surgery between two groups. CONCLUSIONS: 3D reconstruction is beneficial for the resection of cT1b renal tumor and tumor-specific feeding arteries in the off-clamp LPN.

Microrna-139-5p inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition and fibrosis in post-menopausal women with interstitial cystitis by targeting LPAR4 via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

The study explores whether miR-139-5p targeting LPAR4 affects epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and fibrosis in post-menopausal women with interstitial cystitis (IC) via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Bladder tissues of IC and normal bladder tissues were collected. The pathology of bladder tissues was observed by HE, Masson and Picrosirius red staining. LPAR4 positive expression rate were determined by IHC. ELISA was performed to detect the levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α. Rat IC models were randomized into seven different groups. miR-139-5p, LPAR1, LPAR2, LPAR3, LPAR4, LPAR5, P13K, Akt, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin, TGF-ß1, and CTGF expression were determined by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay verified that LPAR4 is a target gene of miR-139-5p. Fibrosis was a pathological manifestation of IC. The IC group showed higher LPAR4, PI3K, Akt, p-PI3K, p-Akt, N-cadherin, Vimentin, TGF-ß1, and CTGF expression but lower miR-139-5p and E-cadherin expression than the normal group. The levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α expression decreased while HB-EGF increased in the IC group in comparison of the normal group. Compared with the blank and NC groups, E-cadherin expression was increased in the miR-139-5p mimic and siRNA-LPAR4 groups, while LPAR4, PI3K, Akt, p-P13K, p-Akt, N-cadherin, Vimentin, TGF-ß1, and CTGF expression were decreased. An opposite trend was found in the miR-139-5p inhibitor group. The miR-139-5p decreased in the miR-139-5p inhibitor + siRNA-LPAR4 and miR-139-5p inhibitor + wortmannin groups. Conclusively, miR-139-5p targeting LPAR4 inhibits EMT and fibrosis in post-menopausal IC women through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Inhibition of microRNA-214 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition process and induces interstitial cystitis in postmenopausal women by upregulating Mfn2.

Our study aims to investigate the roles that microRNA-214 (miR-214) plays in the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and the development of interstitial cystitis (IC) in postmenopausal women by targeting Mitofusin 2 (Mfn2). IC bladder tissues and adjacent normal bladder tissues were collected from postmenopausal women. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was conducted. The target relationship between miR-214 and Mfn2 was determined by a dual luciferase reporter gene assay. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) were extracted from postmenopausal rats and assigned to the blank, mimics, miR-214 inhibitors, mimics negative control (NC), inhibitors NC, Mfn2 siRNA, miR-214 inhibitors and Mfn2 siRNA groups. Exosomes secreted by transfected ADMSCs were instilled into the bladders of postmenopausal rats. The expression of miR-214 and Mfn2 mRNA and EMT markers was assessed by qRT-PCR and western blotting. It was confirmed that Mfn2 was the target gene of miR-214 in IC. Compared with the normal bladder tissues, miR-214 decreased, but Mfn2 increased in IC bladder tissues. Compared with the blank group, the expression of miR-214 and the expression levels of N-cadherin, Fibronectin, Twist1, Snail and Vimentin mRNA and protein increased, whereas the expression levels of Mfn2, E-cadherin and ZO-1 mRNA and protein decreased in the miR-214 mimics and Mfn2 groups. The expression of MiR-214 and the expression levels of N-cadherin, Fibronectin, Twist1, Snail and Vimentin mRNA and protein decreased, whereas the expression levels of Mfn2, E-cadherin and ZO-1 mRNA and protein increased in the miR-214 inhibitors group. Our findings indicate that the inhibition of miR-214 promotes the EMT process and contributes to bladder wall fibrosis by up-regulating Mfn2, thus leading to the occurrence of IC in postmenopausal women.