Parathyroid hormone-related protein as a potential prostate cancer biomarker: Promoting prostate cancer progression through upregulation of c-Met expression.

Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) plays a significant role in various tumor types, including prostate cancer. However, its specific role and underlying mechanisms in prostate cancer remain unclear. This study investigates the role of PTHrP and its interaction with the c-Met in prostate cancer. PTHrP was overexpressed and knocked down in prostate cancer cell lines to determine its effect on cell functions. Xenograft tumor models were employed to assess the impact of PTHrP overexpression on tumor growth. To delve into the interaction between PTHrP and c-Met, rescue experiments were conducted. Clinical data and tissue samples from prostate cancer patients were gathered and analyzed for PTHrP and c-Met expression. PTHrP overexpression in prostate cancer cells upregulates c-Met expression and augments cell functions. In contrast, PTHrP-knockdown diminishes c-Met expression and inhibits cell functions. In vivo experiments further demonstrated that PTHrP overexpression promoted tumor growth in xenograft models.Moreover, modulating c-Met expression in rescue experiments led to concurrent alterations in prostate cancer cell functions. Immunohistochemical analysis of clinical samples displayed a significant positive correlation between PTHrP and c-Met expression. Additionally, PTHrP expression correlated with clinical parameters like prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, tumor stage, lymph node involvement, distant metastasis, and Gleason score. PTHrP plays a crucial role in prostate cancer progression by upregulating c-Met expression. These insights point to PTHrP as a promising potential biomarker for prostate cancer.

A correlative study of iron metabolism based on q-Dixon MRI in benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer.

Clinical staging, Gleason score, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) have been accepted as factors for evaluating the prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa). With the in-depth study of iron metabolism and the development of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging technology, we used q-Dixon magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure the iron content of the PCa patients' lesions, and used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure the iron metabolism indicators in the patients' serum samples, combined with the patients' postoperative clinical data for analysis. We found that the serum indexes were correlated with the T2 star values, International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade, and pathological classification in PCa patients (all P < 0.001) but not in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients (all P > 0.05). The utilization of q-Dixon-based MRI and serum indexes allows the noninvasive measurement of iron content in prostate lesions and the assessment of differential iron metabolism between PCa and BPH, which may be helpful for evaluating the prognosis of PCa.

[MRI/TRUS cognitive fusion combined with 12-core systematic transperineal prostate biopsy for the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer: A report of 208 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the detection rate and complications of magnetic resonance imaging / transrectal ultrasonography (MRI/TRUS) cognitive fusion combined with 12-core systematic transperineal prostate biopsy (TPPB) in the diagnosis of clinically significant PCa (CS-PCa). METHODS: This retrospective study included 208 patients undergoing first-time MRI/TRUS cognitive fusion combined with 12-core systematic TPPB from June 2015 to May 2019. The patients, aged 54－85 (67.6 ± 7.8) years, all received digital rectal examination, PSA detection, TRUS and prostate multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) before biopsy. We analyzed the mpMRI images, identified and marked the suspected signal areas, repeated TRUS for further observation of the prostate, conducted cognitive fusion based on the mpMRI images and determined the target before 12-core systematic TPPB and subjecting the samples obtained to pathological examination. RESULTS: Of the 208 patients, 112 were diagnosed with CS-PCa (no case with tPSA < 4 µg/L, 21 cases with 4 µg/L ≤ tPSA < 10 µg/L, 47 cases with 10 µg/L ≤ tPSA < 20 µg/L, 40 cases with 20 µg/L ≤ tPSA < 100 µg/L, and 4 cases with tPSA ≥ 100 µg/L), 85 with BPH, 8 with chronic prostatitis, 2 with atypical prostatic hyperplasia, and 1 with prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome occurred in 3 and gross hematuria and/or bloody stool in 12 cases after biopsy, which were all cured by anti-infection and hemostasis treatment. CONCLUSIONS: MRI/TRUS cognitive fusion combined with 12-core systematic transperineal prostate biopsy can improve the detection rate of the initial diagnosis of clinically significant PCa with a low incidence of controllable complications.