Rare cases imitating acute appendicitis: Three case reports and a review of literature.

Acute appendicitis with its characteristic clinical course is one of the most common diagnoses that require urgent surgery. The following three case reports present patients with symptoms typical of acute appendicitis which was, however, not confirmed intraoperatively. Preoperative CT or MRI were not requested because symptoms clearly indicated acute appendicitis. The first case describes a male patient with right-sided diverticulitis, the second case report involves a pregnant woman in 33rd week of gestation with right adnexal torsion due to a dermoid cyst, and in the last report, a case of spontaneous perforation of appendiceal mucinous neoplasm is presented.Key words: right-sided diverticulitis - dermoid cyst - adnexal torsion - mucinous neoplasm - pseudomyxoma peritonei - appendicitis.

Cystic renal cell carcinoma--rare clinical finding. Radiographic variations of tumor/cyst appearance and further diagnostic work-up.

OBJECTIVES: To review the cases of cystic renal cell carcinoma and multilocular cystic nephroma, point out the radiographic variations and define further diagnostic work-up. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 2003 and 2005 5 patients with suspected cystic renal cell carcinoma were treated surgically (1 pt underwent radical nephrectomy, 1 pt laparoscopic cyst decortication, 3 pts ablation), 2 patients with multilocular cystic nephroma underwent ultrasound guided biopsy. RESULTS: Histopathologic examination confirmed cystic renal cell carcinoma (CRCC) T1aNOM0 Fuhrman grade 1 in 3 cases, T1bN0M0 Fuhrman grade 2 in one case. One patient with suspected tumor inside the cyst wall who underwent laparoscopic cyst decortication was excluded (final histology confirmed organized hematoma in the cyst wall). Biopsy in 2 patients with multilocular cystic nephroma did not confirm the presence of malignant cells. The mean tumor size was 4.2 cm (range 3.7 to 5.5) for CRCC and 4.7 cm (range 4 to 4.5 cm) for multilocular cystic nephroma. All 4 cases of CRCC were clear cell type. CONCLUSION: In conclusion according to the data described and from our study, tumor/cyst co-existence requires further surgical exploration in group 2, 3, 4. Small cystic renal cell carcinomas up to 4 cm in diameter have usually favourable pathology and prognosis, which offers the minimally invasive nephron-sparing treatment options such as excision, ablation or partial nephrectomy (Fig. 9, Ref. 18).