Hernia among Patients Admitted to the Department of Surgery of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Hernia is one of the most common surgery-requiring conditions. Despite this, hernia still needs to be studied in more detail. The main objective of the study was to find out the prevalence of hernia among patients admitted to the Department of Surgery of a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients admitted to the Department of Surgery of a tertiary care centre from 1 July 2021 to 31 December 2022. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 202/2079/80). The patient admitted to the Department of Surgery during the study period was included and those with incomplete data were excluded. A convenience sampling method was used. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated. Results: Among 3236 patients, the prevalence of hernia was 749 (23.14%) (21.69-24.59, 95% Confidence Interval). The inguinal hernia was the most common type found in 574 (77.25%), followed by an umbilical hernia in 64 (8.61%). A total of 79 (10.55%) had comorbidity among patients with hernia. Conclusions: The prevalence of hernia in our study was found to be higher than in other studies done in similar setting. Easily accessible health facilities, competent primary surgical care and health education should be taken into account by the policymakers to reduce the morbidity and mortality of this condition. Keywords: hernia; inguinal hernia; prevalence; surgery; umbilical hernia.

Cerebral astroblastoma radiologically mimicking pilocytic astrocytoma: A case report.

Astroblastoma is a rare central nervous system tumor. We reported a case of a 24-year-old Nepalese woman with radiological features mimicking pilocytic astrocytoma which came out to be low-grade astroblastoma in histopathological and immunohistochemistry examination after total excision of the tumor.

Large intestine as content of congenital inguinal hernia: A case report of intestinal obstruction.

Introduction and importance: Hernias containing appendix, caecum and transverse colon are uncommon in contrast with usual inguinal hernias containing small intestine. The patient usually presents with inguinoscrotal swelling. Case presentation: We present a case of a 2 months old male child presented with inguinoscrotal swelling, vomiting with abdominal distention. On Ultrasonography (USG) of the scrotum, protrusion of the abdominal cavity contents through the right inguinal canal into the scrotum of approximately 3.4 cm × 0.7 cm was found which indicates right inguinal hernia. On the opening of the hernia sac during surgical management, the appendix, caecum and transverse colon were lying inside the hernia sac. Open Herniotomy was performed and the abdomen was closed in layers. Postoperative period of the patient was uneventful. Discussion: Congenital inguinal hernia in the child occurs mostly due to persistent processus vaginalis. History and clinical examination reveals the appearance of lump in the inguinal region or scrotum. Preoperative Ultrasonography can be used to supplement the physical examination and increase the accuracy of its diagnosis. Although the laparoscopic approach is increasingly used nowadays, open hernia repair is preferred in young children. Conclusion: Appendix, caecum and transverse colon are unusual contents of an inguinal hernia. Open herniotomy combined with relieving of the intestinal obstruction is the treatment of choice in young children.