RESUMO
Medidas da espessura do músculo adutor do polegar (EMAP) e da força de preensão palmar (FPP) são de fácil e rápida aplicação, baixo custo e poderão detectar alterações do estado nutricional em curto prazo. A utilização dessas medidas agilizaria o diagnóstico nutricional e otimizaria a atenção aos pacientes hospitalizados. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a associação entre EMAP e FPP com parâmetros antropométricos, avaliação subjetiva global (ASG) e marcadores bioquímicos de pacientes admitidos para a realização de cirurgia do aparelho digestivo e órgãos anexos. Trata-se de um estudo transversal em que foram avaliadas o índice de massa corporal (IMC), circunferência braquial (CB), dobra cutânea tricipital, circunferência muscular do braço, EMAP, FPP, ASG e variáveis bioquímicas. Participaram 56 pacientes, sendo evidenciado que o aumento de uma unidade na CB promoveu um aumento de 0,73 kgf na FPP (IC95%: 0,30;1,17, p=0,002). O aumento de uma unidade no peso habitual, CB e albumina sérica ajustado pela altura, idade e sexo foi associado a maiores valores da EMAP (peso habitual: 0,92 mm; IC95%: 0,18;1,66, p=0,017; CB: 0,69 mm; IC95%: 0,27;1,11, p=0,006; albumina sérica 1,83 mm; IC95% 0,10; 3,57, p=0,039). Por outro lado, o aumento de uma unidade da perda de peso (%) e IMC refletiu em redução de 0,85 mm (IC95%: -1,46; -0,25, p=0,008) e 2,80 mm da EMAP (IC95%: -4,73; -0,88, p=0,006), respectivamente. Há associação positiva entre FPP e CB e entre EMAP, peso habitual, CB e albumina sérica e associação inversa entre EMAP, IMC e percentual de perda de peso.
Measurements of the adductor pollicis muscle thickness (APMT) and handgrip strength (HGS) are easy and quick to apply, low cost, and may detect changes in nutritional status in the short term. The use of these measurements would speed up the nutritional diagnosis and optimize the care of hospitalized patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between APMT and HGS with anthropometric parameters, subjective global assessment (SGA), and biochemical markers in patients admitted for digestive tract and adnexal organ surgery. This is a cross-sectional study in which body mass index (BMI), arm circumference (AC), triceps skinfold thickness, arm muscle circumference, APMT, HGS, SGA and biochemical variables were evaluated. A total of 56 patients participated, showing that the increase of one unit in the AC promoted an increase of 0.73 kgf in the HGS (95%CI: 0.30;1.17, p=0.002). A one-unit increase in normal weight, AC, and serum albumin adjusted for height, age, and gender was associated with higher APMT values (normal weight: 0.92 mm, 95%CI: 0.18;1.66, p=0.017; AC: 0.69 mm, 95%CI: 0.27;1.11, p=0.006; serum albumin 1.83 mm, 95%CI: 0.10;3.57, p=0.039). On the other hand, the increase of one unit in weight loss (%) and BMI resulted in a reduction of 0.85 mm (95%CI: -1.46;-0.25, p=0.008) and 2.80 mm in the APMT (95%CI: -4.73;-0.88, p=0.006), respectively. There is a positive association between HGS and AC and between APMT, normal weight, AC, and serum albumin, and an inverse association between APMT, BMI, and percentage of weight loss.
RESUMO
The aim was to evaluate the effect of caffeine (CAF) and extra virgin coconut oil (CO), isolated or combined, on running performance in runners. Methods: A randomized, placebo-controlled, and crossover study was conducted with thirteen recreational runners aged 18-40. All volunteers performed a 1600 m time trial at a 400 m track, each ingesting four different substances: (1) placebo (water), (2) decaffeinated coffee plus isolated CAF (DECAF + CAF), (3) decaffeinated coffee plus isolated CAF plus soy oil (DECAF + CAF + SO), and (4) decaffeinated coffee plus isolated CAF plus extra virgin coconut oil (DECAF + CAF + CO). The substances were ingested 60 min before the trials, the order of the situations was randomized, and there were one-week intervals between them. At the end of the trials, the Borg scale was applied to evaluate the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and the time was measured. Results: Our data did not show differences in running time among the trials (placebo: 7.64 ± 0.80, DECAF + CAF: 7.61 ± 1.02, DECAF + CAF + SO: 7.66 ± 0.89, and DECAF + CAF + CO: 7.58 ± 0.74 min; p = 0.93), nor RPE (placebo: 6.15 ± 2.03, DECAF + CAF: 6.00 ± 2.27, DECAF + CAF + SO: 6.54 ± 2.73, and DECAF + CAF + CO: 6.00 ± 2.45 score; p = 0.99). Lactate concentrations (placebo: 6.23 ± 2.72, DECAF + CAF: 4.43 ± 3.77, DECAF + CAF + SO: 5.29 ± 3.77, and DECAF + CAF + CO: 6.17 ± 4.18 mmol/L; p = 0.55) also was not modified. Conclusion: Our study shows that ingestion of decaffeinated coffee with the addition of isolated CAF and extra virgin CO, either isolated or combined, does not improve 1600 m running times, nor influence RPE and lactate concentrations in recreational runners. Thus, combination of coffee with CO as a pre-workout supplement seems to be unsubstantiated for a short-distance race.