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INTRODUCTION: There is considerable variation in the practice of ventral hernia repair (VHR). Consequently, both short- and long-term outcomes are different. We report the first multicenter data from India on the variations in procedures and short-term outcomes after ventral hernia repair. METHODS: A prospective study was planned under the aegis of the Indian Association of Gastrointestinal Endo Surgeons (IAGES). Participating surgeons prospectively recorded the data of patients who underwent VHR from January 21, 2021, to April 20, 2021. Patients were followed for 3-6 months. RESULTS: Data from 648 patients were analyzed for demographics, hernia characteristics, technical variations, and outcomes. 375 (57.8%) were primary hernias (PH) and 273 (42.15%) were incisional hernias (IH), of which 63 (9.7%) were recurrent hernias. In the PH group, there were 171 minimal access (MAS) and 170 open repair. In descending order of frequency, there were 111 (32.6%) open onlay, 83 (24.3%) intraperitoneal onlay meshplasty (IPOM) Plus, 36 (10.6%) IPOM, 35 (10.3%) suture repair, 22 (6.5%) endoscopic Rives Stoppa (eRS), 11 (3.2%) open RS, 11 (3.2%) TAPP, 7 (2%) hybrid, 6 (1.8%) open preperitoneal, 19 (5.6%) others. There were 3.73% seroma, 3.2% SSI, 0% 90-day readmission, 0% recurrence, and 0.3% mortality. In the IH group, 164 patients underwent open repair and 104 MAS repair. In descending order of frequency, there were 90 (33.6%) open onlay, 47 (17.5%) IPOM Plus, 38 (14.1%) open sublay, 28 (10.4%) IPOM, 12 (4.5%) Transversus Abdominis Release (TAR), 11 (4.1%) suture repair, 9 (3.4%) open preperitoneal, 7 (2.6%) hybrid, 6 (2.2%) TAPP, 5 (1.9%) eRS, 4 (1.5%) TARM, 3 (1.1%) endoscopic TAR (eTAR), and 8 (3%) others. There were 13.92% seroma, 4.4% hematoma, 9.5% SSI, 1.1% mesh explantation, 0.4% wound sinus, 2.2% 90-day readmission, 0% recurrence, and 1.1% mortality. CONCLUSION: Onlay meshplasty is the commonest procedure in India both in PH and IH. IPOM/IPOM plus is the second commonest procedure. TAR is the preferred component separation technique. Complication rates were comparable to published literature. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered with Clinical Trial Registry of India. CTRI number-CTRI/2021/01/030435.
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Endometriose , Hérnia Ventral , Hérnia Incisional , Laparoscopia , Cirurgiões , Feminino , Humanos , Herniorrafia/efeitos adversos , Herniorrafia/métodos , Estudos Prospectivos , Telas Cirúrgicas/efeitos adversos , Seroma , Laparoscopia/métodos , Hérnia Ventral/cirurgia , Hérnia Incisional/cirurgia , Endometriose/cirurgia , RecidivaRESUMO
The annual Eastern Canadian Gastrointestinal Cancer Consensus Conference was held in Halifax, Nova Scotia, 20-22 September 2018. Experts in radiation oncology, medical oncology, surgical oncology, and pathology who are involved in the management of patients with gastrointestinal malignancies participated in presentations and discussion sessions for the purpose of developing the recommendations presented here. This consensus statement addresses multiple topics in the management of pancreatic cancer, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours, hepatocellular cancer, and rectal and colon cancer, including â surgical management of pancreatic adenocarcinoma,â adjuvant and metastatic systemic therapy options in pancreatic adenocarcinoma,â the role of radiotherapy in the management of pancreatic adenocarcinoma,â systemic therapy in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours,â updates in systemic therapy for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma,â optimum duration of adjuvant systemic therapy for colorectal cancer, andâ sequence of therapy in oligometastatic colorectal cancer.
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Neoplasias Gastrointestinais/terapia , Canadá , Consenso , Humanos , OncologiaRESUMO
Ovarian steroid cell tumours are rare virilizing tumours. They are three types of tumours of ovary which are characterized by steroid cell proliferation : Leydig cell tumour, steroid cell tumour, Not Otherwise Specified (NOS) and stromal luteoma. Here we present a case of 36 year old female, who presented with history of weight loss since last two and half months. There is history of amenorrhoea and hirsuitism. Her CA was 125: 11.4 IU/ml (0-35 U/mL). Blood Testosterone levels was elevated with value of 150 ng/ml (5.71-77 ng/ml). Serum Inhibin A, Inhibin B, FSH, LH and prolactin were within normal limits. The steroid cell tumour, NOS are mostly benign but few of them behave in malignant fashion. Hayes and Scully gave few histopathological features which favour malignant behavior. These tumours should be differentiated from leydig cell tumour by lack of cytoplasmic Reinkes' crystals as well as from other neoplasms like primary clear cell carcinoma, metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma and adrenocortical tumour.
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Neoplasias Ovarianas/patologia , Tumores do Estroma Gonadal e dos Cordões Sexuais/patologia , Adulto , Biomarcadores Tumorais/sangue , Biópsia , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Neoplasias Ovarianas/sangue , Neoplasias Ovarianas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Ovarianas/cirurgia , Tumores do Estroma Gonadal e dos Cordões Sexuais/sangue , Tumores do Estroma Gonadal e dos Cordões Sexuais/diagnóstico por imagem , Tumores do Estroma Gonadal e dos Cordões Sexuais/cirurgiaRESUMO
The annual Eastern Canadian Gastrointestinal Cancer Consensus Conference 2017 was held in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, 28-30 September. Experts in radiation oncology, medical oncology, surgical oncology, and cancer genetics who are involved in the management of patients with gastrointestinal malignancies participated in presentations and discussion sessions for the purpose of developing the recommendations presented here. This consensus statement addresses multiple topics in the management of gastric, rectal, and colon cancer, including â identification and management of hereditary gastric and colorectal cancer (crc);â palliative systemic therapy for metastatic gastric cancer;â optimum duration of preoperative radiation in rectal cancer-that is, short- compared with long-course radiation;â management options for peritoneal carcinomatosis in crc;â implications of tumour location for treatment and prognosis in crc; andâ new molecular markers in crc.
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Neoplasias Colorretais , Canadá , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Consenso , História do Século XXI , HumanosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Various tyrosine kinase signalling pathways affect the development and progression of colorectal cancer (crc). In clinical trials, regorafenib has been associated with a survival benefit in metastatic crc (mcrc). We assessed the safety and efficacy of regorafenib in real-world patients. METHODS: In a retrospective review of patients with mcrc treated with regorafenib at our institution from 2013 to 2015, patient demographics, treatment, and survival data were collected. Progression-free survival (pfs) and overall survival (os) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: In total, 48 patients were offered regorafenib, and 35 (73%) started treatment. Of the patients who started regorafenib, 57% were men. Median age in the cohort was 61 years, and all patients had a performance status in the range 0-2. Time from diagnosis of mcrc to regorafenib treatment was more than 18 months in 71% of patients. Starting dose was 160 mg in 54% of the patients, 120 mg in 40%, and 80 mg in 6%. Dose reductions occurred in 34% of the patients, and interruptions, in 29%. Best response was progressive disease (60%) and stable disease (17%); response in the rest of the patients was unknown. The most common adverse events on regorafenib (any grade) were fatigue (57%), hyperbilirubinemia (43%), thrombocytopenia (37%), anorexia (31%), and hypertension (31%). The most common grade 3 or 4 adverse events were fatigue (29%), hypophosphatemia (17%), weight loss (11%), and hyperbilirubinemia (9%). Common reasons for discontinuing regorafenib included progressive disease (51%) and toxicity (26%). In patients treated with regorafenib, pfs was 2.4 months (95% confidence interval: 1.8 to 3.3 months) and os was 5.6 months (95% confidence interval: 3.7 to 8.9 months). No factors were associated with survival in univariate or multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: In a real-world setting, regorafenib is associated with survival similar to that reported in the randomized controlled trials, but at the expense of toxicity leading to discontinuation in many patients. Future studies of regorafenib should focus on identifying the patients most likely to benefit and on minimizing toxicity.
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Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare neoplasm accounting for <0.1% of breast carcinomas. The mean age of presentation is fifth to sixth decade of life and it generally presents as a painful breast lump. The histological features are characteristic with cribriform and acinar pattern of basaloid cells. It is triple negative tumor with CD117 and p63 positivity and excellent prognosis.
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Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Adenoide Cístico/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de Mama Triplo Negativas/diagnóstico , Mama/patologia , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Carcinoma Adenoide Cístico/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Proteínas de Membrana/análise , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-kit/análise , Neoplasias de Mama Triplo Negativas/patologiaRESUMO
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3747/co.22.2603.].
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Neuropathic pain is a severe and unbearable condition which arises due to activation of peripheral nociceptors after tissue damage, neuropathic pain is caused from anomalous physiology of central or peripheral nervous system and it may not be related to the ongoing tissue damage or inflammation. Involvement of oxidative damage has been reported in the pathophysiology of neuropathic pain. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of lycopene to quench the free radicals produced as a result of the increased oxidative stress in neuropathic pain. Neuropathic pain was induced in wistar rats by partial sciatic nerve ligation. The effect was evaluated by assessing various behavioral parameters (thermal hyperalgesia, cold hyperalgesia), biochemical parameters (lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase) as well as histopathological parameters in sciatic nerve. During the experiment group of 8 rats each was administered drugs once daily intraperitonealy (I.P.) and naïve groups, sham group and sciatic nerve ligated group were treated with vehicle for the duration of 14 days. Partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL) significantly caused thermal hyperalgesia, cold hyperalgesia and oxidative damage compared to normal and sham groups. Daily administration of lycopene (25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg) and gabapentin (100 mg/kg) considerably reversed hyperalgesia, cold hyperalgesia and attenuated oxidative stress when compared to control group. There was significant histological improvement in the in the architecture of myelinated and unmyelinated fibers. The results indicated that free radical generation mechanism might be involved in PSNL induced behavior, biochemical and histopathological changes in wistar rats.
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Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Carotenoides/farmacologia , Nervo Isquiático/efeitos dos fármacos , Aminas/farmacologia , Animais , Catalase/metabolismo , Ácidos Cicloexanocarboxílicos/farmacologia , Gabapentina , Glutationa/metabolismo , Hiperalgesia/tratamento farmacológico , Hiperalgesia/metabolismo , Ligadura/métodos , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Licopeno , Masculino , Neuralgia/tratamento farmacológico , Neuralgia/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Medição da Dor/métodos , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Nervo Isquiático/metabolismo , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismo , Ácido gama-Aminobutírico/farmacologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To find out the magnitude of iron deficiency anemia in the age group of 6-12 years and investigate the role of iron deficiency as a possible contributor to endemic goiter in school children in Ambala. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was conducted as a subset of a cross-sectional study among 2700 children from 6 to 12 years of age to find out the prevalence of goiter. All the subjects who were found to be suffering from goiter in the cross-sectional study were enrolled in the case-control study as cases and were compared with age- and sex-matched controls (children without goiter) from the same cohort. The study was conducted from February 2011 to January 2012. RESULTS: Out of total, goiter was observed in 12.6% of the subjects. Urinary iodine excretion was found to be <100 µg/L in 57 (10.5%) children. Mean hemoglobin (Hb) level of the study population was 11.9 g/dL. It was noted that 71% of the goitrous children had anemia (Hb <12 g/dL) as compared to 63.7% of the control group. Serum ferritin (SF) was <15 ng/mL in 70% of the children. The mean ± standard deviation of SF in the goitrous and nongoitrous children was 19.65 ± 32.51 µg/L and 27.55 ± 21.07 µg/L, respectively (P = 0.012). CONCLUSION: The findings in the study suggest that iron deficiency anemia in children is contributing toward the persistence of goiter in the postiodization phase.
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The annual Eastern Canadian Colorectal Cancer Consensus Conference held in Montreal, Quebec, 17-19 October 2013, marked the 10-year anniversary of this meeting that is attended by leaders in medical, radiation, and surgical oncology. The goal of the attendees is to improve the care of patients affected by gastrointestinal malignancies. Topics discussed during the conference included pancreatic cancer, rectal cancer, and metastatic colorectal cancer.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Neoplasias Gastrointestinais/patologia , Tumores do Estroma Gastrointestinal/patologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Neoplasias Primárias Múltiplas/patologia , Aspiração por Agulha Fina Guiada por Ultrassom Endoscópico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Metástase Neoplásica , Tomografia por Emissão de PósitronsRESUMO
BACKGROUND: There have been no previous reports assessing the effectiveness of azathioprine (AZA) in the treatment of orofacial granulomatosis (OFG). This report is a review of patients receiving AZA for active OFG with or without concomitant gut Crohn's disease (CD) in a specialist tertiary referral centre. METHODS: Clinical response was defined by Global Physician Assessment at 4-, 12- and 24-month follow-up and a standardised oral disease activity score (ODAS). RESULTS: Sixty of 215 patients seen with OFG in our clinic over a 12-year period were treated with AZA. Of these, 22 had concomitant CD. The proportion of patients responding to AZA with a diagnosis of CD/OFG vs. OFG only at 4, 12 and 24 months were 54% vs. 21% (P = 0.03), 59% vs. 21% (P = 0.003) and 41% vs. 24% (P = 0.16), respectively. A statistically significant difference was seen between starting and follow-up ODAS scores at 4 months in the CD/OFG group which was not observed in the OFG only group. Factors predicting a need for AZA included a diagnosis of intestinal CD, sulcal swelling, sulcal ulcers and upper lip involvement. The factor predicting response to treatment was a diagnosis of CD at 12 months of follow-up. No difference in the number of adverse effects was observed between the two groups of patients. CONCLUSIONS: AZA is significantly more effective in the treatment of oral disease with a concurrent diagnosis of CD rather than in the treatment of OFG alone.
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Azatioprina/uso terapêutico , Doença de Crohn/tratamento farmacológico , Granulomatose Orofacial/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Azatioprina/efeitos adversos , Doença de Crohn/sangue , Doença de Crohn/complicações , Feminino , Granulomatose Orofacial/sangue , Granulomatose Orofacial/complicações , Humanos , Enteropatias/sangue , Enteropatias/complicações , Enteropatias/tratamento farmacológico , Enteropatias/patologia , Lábio/patologia , Masculino , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
The annual Eastern Canadian Gastrointestinal Cancer Consensus Conference 2016 was held in Montreal, Quebec, 5-7 February. Experts in radiation oncology, medical oncology, surgical oncology, and infectious diseases involved in the management of patients with gastrointestinal malignancies participated in presentations and discussion sessions for the purpose of developing the recommendations presented here. This consensus statement addresses multiple topics: â Follow-up and survivorship of patients with resected colorectal cancerâ Indications for liver metastasectomyâ Treatment of oligometastases by stereotactic body radiation therapyâ Treatment of borderline resectable and unresectable pancreatic cancerâ Transarterial chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinomaâ Infectious complications of antineoplastic agents.
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BACKGROUND: Dermatopathia pigmentosa reticularis (DPR) is a very rare autosomal dominant disorder with the diagnostic triad of generalized reticulate hyperpigmentation, noncicatricial alopecia and onychodystrophy. OBJECTIVE: To describe the occurrence of Salzmann's nodular degeneration of cornea with moderate dry eye in a patient with Dermatopathia pigmentosa reticularis. CASE: We present an 11 year old young Indian girl with DPR who had Salzmann's nodular degeneration of cornea with moderate dry eye. She was put on symptomatic treatment and counseled regarding the course of disease, familial nature and avoidance of exposure to sun. CONCLUSION: In a patient of Salzmann`s nodular degeneration with generalized reticulate hyperpigmentation, noncicatricial alopecia and onychodystrophy the diagnosis of DPR must be kept in mind. A multidisciplinary approach is required for the management of such cases.
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Alopecia/complicações , Distrofias Hereditárias da Córnea/complicações , Hiperpigmentação/complicações , Doenças da Unha/complicações , Neoplasias Cutâneas/complicações , Alopecia/genética , Carboximetilcelulose Sódica/administração & dosagem , Criança , Cromossomos Humanos Par 17/genética , Distrofias Hereditárias da Córnea/tratamento farmacológico , Distrofias Hereditárias da Córnea/genética , Síndromes do Olho Seco/complicações , Síndromes do Olho Seco/tratamento farmacológico , Síndromes do Olho Seco/genética , Feminino , Humanos , Hiperpigmentação/genética , Ceratolíticos/administração & dosagem , Doenças da Unha/genética , Soluções Oftálmicas/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias Cutâneas/genética , Tretinoína/administração & dosagemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Eribulin mesylate is a synthetic microtubule inhibitor that showed cytotoxic synergy in combination with gemcitabine preclinically. This combination was assessed in a Phase I dose-finding trial in patients diagnosed with advanced solid tumours who had received up to two prior chemotherapy regimens for metastatic disease (CP cohort). METHODS: Dose escalation was performed in a 3+3 design to identify the recommended phase II dose (RP2D). Two additional expansion cohorts in women with gynaecologic cancers at the RP2D (G), and further dose escalation of metastatic chemotherapy-naive patients (CN), were evaluated. RESULTS: 45 patients were treated: 21 (CP), 10 (G) and 14 (CN). The initial combination of eribulin and gemcitabine was administered on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle; however, due to 2 out of 6 dose-limiting haematological toxicities at the first dose level, a reduced dose-intense schedule was assessed. The RP2D was defined at 1.0 mg m(-2) eribulin and 1000 mg m(-2) gemcitabine day 1 and 8 q3 weeks. No other significant toxicities were observed in the G expansion cohort. Neutropenia prevented further dose escalation in the CN cohort. Objective responses were seen in all three cohorts - 2/21 (CP), 1/10 (G) and 2/14 (CN). CONCLUSIONS: The combination of eribulin and gemcitabine was well tolerated at the RP2D.
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Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Desoxicitidina/administração & dosagem , Desoxicitidina/análogos & derivados , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Neoplasias do Endométrio/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Furanos/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Cetonas/administração & dosagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Metástase Neoplásica , Neoplasias/patologia , Neutropenia/induzido quimicamente , Ontário , Neoplasias Ovarianas/tratamento farmacológico , Critérios de Avaliação de Resposta em Tumores Sólidos , Resultado do Tratamento , GencitabinaRESUMO
The annual Eastern Canadian Colorectal Cancer Consensus Conference was held in Montreal, Quebec, 23-25 October 2014. Expert radiation, medical, and surgical oncologists and pathologists involved in the management of patients with gastrointestinal malignancies participated in presentations and discussions resulting in consensus statements on such hot topics as management of neuroendocrine tumours, advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer, and metastatic colorectal cancer.
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This multicenter single-arm phase II study evaluated the addition of pazopanib to concurrent weekly paclitaxel following doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide as neoadjuvant therapy in human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2)-negative locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). Patients with HER2-negative stage III breast cancer were treated with doxorubicin 60 mg/m(2) and cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m(2) for four cycles every 3 weeks followed by weekly paclitaxel 80 mg/m(2) on days 1, 8, and 15 every 28 days for four cycles concurrently with pazopanib 800 mg orally daily prior to surgery. Post-operatively, pazopanib was given daily for 6 months. The primary endpoint was pathologic complete response (pCR) in the breast and lymph nodes. Between July 2009 and March 2011, 101 patients with stage IIIA-C HER2-negative breast cancer were enrolled. The pCR rate in evaluable patients who initiated paclitaxel and pazopanib was 17 % (16/93). The pCR rate was 9 % (6/67) in hormone receptor-positive tumors and 38 % (10/26) in triple-negative tumors. Pre-operative pazopanib was completed in only 39 % of patients. The most frequent grade 3 and 4 adverse events during paclitaxel and pazopanib were neutropenia (27 %), diarrhea (5 %), ALT and AST elevations (each 5 %), and hypertension (5 %). Although the pCR rate of paclitaxel and pazopanib following AC chemotherapy given as neoadjuvant therapy in women with LABC met the pre-specified criteria for activity, there was substantial toxicity, which led to a high discontinuation rate of pazopanib. The combination does not appear to warrant further evaluation in the neoadjuvant setting for breast cancer.
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Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológico , Ciclofosfamida/administração & dosagem , Doxorrubicina/administração & dosagem , Paclitaxel/administração & dosagem , Pirimidinas/administração & dosagem , Sulfonamidas/administração & dosagem , Adulto , Idoso , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Ciclofosfamida/efeitos adversos , Doxorrubicina/efeitos adversos , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos , Feminino , Fluoruracila/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Indazóis , Linfonodos/efeitos dos fármacos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Terapia Neoadjuvante , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Paclitaxel/efeitos adversos , Pirimidinas/efeitos adversos , Receptor ErbB-2/genética , Sulfonamidas/efeitos adversosRESUMO
Mallotus philippinensis is an important source of molecules with strong antioxidant activity widely used medicinal plant. Previous studies have highlighted their anticestodal, antibacterial, wound healing activities, and so forth. So, present investigation was designed to evaluate the total antioxidant activity and radical scavenging effect of 50% ethanol fruit glandular hair extract (MPE) and its role on Human Erythrocytes. MPE was tested for phytochemical test followed by its HPLC analysis. Standard antioxidant assays like DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl, superoxide radical, nitric oxide, and lipid peroxidation assay were determined along with total phenolic and flavonoids content. Results showed that MPE contains the presence of various phytochemicals, with high total phenolic and flavonoid content. HPLC analysis showed the presence of rottlerin, a polyphenolic compound in a very rich quantity. MPE exhibits significant strong scavenging activity on DPPH and ABTS assay. Reducing power showed dose dependent increase in concentration absorption compared to standard, Quercetin. Superoxide, hydroxyl radical, lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide assay showed a comparable scavenging activity compared to its standard. Our finding further provides evidence that Mallotus fruit extract is a potential natural source of antioxidants which have a protective role on human Erythrocytes exhibiting minimum hemolytic activity and this justified its uses in folklore medicines.
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Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Eritrócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/farmacologia , Frutas/química , Mallotus (Planta)/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Polifenóis/farmacologia , Acetofenonas/farmacologia , Benzopiranos/farmacologia , Benzotiazóis/metabolismo , Compostos de Bifenilo/metabolismo , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Cromatografia em Camada Fina , Hemólise/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Radical Hidroxila , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Oxirredução/efeitos dos fármacos , Compostos Fitoquímicos/farmacologia , Picratos/metabolismo , Padrões de Referência , Ácidos Sulfônicos/metabolismoRESUMO
Mallotus philippinensis Muell. Arg (Euphorbiaceae) are widely distributed perennial shrub or small tree in tropical and subtropical region in outer Himalayas regions with an altitude below 1,000 m and are reported to have wide range of pharmacological activities. Mallotus philippinensis species are known to contain different natural compounds, mainly phenols, diterpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, cardenolides, triterpenoids, coumarins, isocoumarins, and many more especially phenols; that is, bergenin, mallotophilippinens, rottlerin, and isorottlerin have been isolated, identified, and reported interesting biological activities such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiviral, cytotoxicity, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory activity protein inhibition against cancer cell. We have selected all the pharmacological aspects and toxicological and all its biological related studies. The present review reveals that Mallotus philippinensis is a valuable source of medicinally important natural molecules and provides convincing support for its future use in modern medicine. However, the existing knowledge is very limited about Mallotus philippinensis and its different parts like steam, leaf, and fruit. Further, more detailed safety data pertaining to the acute and subacute toxicity and cardio- and immunotoxicity also needs to be generated for crude extracts or its pure isolated compounds. This review underlines the interest to continue the study of this genus of the Euphorbiaceae.
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Frutas/química , Mallotus (Planta)/química , Fitoterapia , Folhas de Planta/química , Caules de Planta/química , HumanosRESUMO
The annual Eastern Canadian Colorectal Cancer Consensus Conference was held in Halifax, Nova Scotia, October 20-22, 2011. Health care professionals involved in the care of patients with colorectal cancer participated in presentation and discussion sessions for the purposes of developing the recommendations presented here. This consensus statement addresses current issues in the management of rectal cancer, including pathology reporting, neoadjuvant systemic and radiation therapy, surgical techniques, and palliative care of rectal cancer patients. Other topics discussed include multidisciplinary cancer conferences, treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumours and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours, the use of folfirinox in pancreatic cancer, and treatment of stage ii colon cancer.