Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Nitrilas , Pirazóis , Pirimidinas , Neoplasias Cutâneas , Humanos , Nitrilas/uso terapêutico , Pirimidinas/uso terapêutico , Pirimidinas/efeitos adversos , Pirazóis/uso terapêutico , Pirazóis/efeitos adversos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/tratamento farmacológico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/induzido quimicamente , Neoplasias Cutâneas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , MasculinoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Patients with nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC)-ie, basal cell carcinoma (BCC) or squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)-have an increased risk of developing a second skin cancer. The aim of this study was to describe the frequency, incidence per 1000 person-years, and predictors of a second skin cancer in a cohort of patients with NMSC treated with Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective study of a national cohort of patients with NMSC who underwent MMS at 22 Spanish hospitals between July 2013 and February 2020; case data were recorded in the REGESMOHS registry. The study variables included demographic characteristics, frequency and incidence per 1000 person-years of second skin cancers diagnosed during the study period, and risk factors identified using mixed-effects logistic regression. RESULTS: We analyzed data for 4768 patients who underwent MMS; 4397 (92%) had BCC and 371 (8%) had SCC. Mean follow-up was 2.4 years. Overall, 1201 patients (25%) developed a second skin cancer during follow-up; 1013 of the tumors were BCCs (21%), 154 were SCCs (3%), and 20 were melanomas (0.4%). The incidence was 107 per 1000 person-years (95% CI, 101-113) for any cancer, 90 per 1000 person-years (95% CI, 85-96) for BCC, 14 (95% CI, 12-16) per 1000 person-years for SCC, and 2 (95% CI, 1-3) per 1000 person-years for melanoma. More men than women developed a subsequent skin cancer (738 [61%] vs 463 [39%]). The main risk factors were a history of multiple tumors before diagnosis (relative risk [RR], 4.6; 95% CI, 2.9-7.1), immunosuppression (RR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.4-3.1), and male sex (RR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.4-1.9). CONCLUSION: Patients have an increased risk of developing a second tumor after MMS treatment of NMSC. Risk factors are a history of multiple tumors at diagnosis, immunosuppression, and male sex.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Basocelular , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Melanoma , Neoplasia de Células Basais , Neoplasias Cutâneas , Carcinoma Basocelular/epidemiologia , Carcinoma Basocelular/patologia , Carcinoma Basocelular/cirurgia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/epidemiologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/cirurgia , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Melanoma/complicações , Cirurgia de Mohs , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Neoplasias Cutâneas/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/etiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/cirurgiaRESUMO
In daily clinical practice, the dermatologic surgeon frequently has to excise closely adjacent tumors in the facial region. In such cases, planning of an appropriate reconstruction technique is essential. The aim is to treat all of the lesions in a single surgical intervention, if possible, and to achieve a good functional and cosmetic outcome. We present 5 patients in whom a single flap was used to repair multiple adjacent defects.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Faciais/cirurgia , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Retalhos Cirúrgicos/cirurgia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , HumanosAssuntos
Carcinoma Basocelular/cirurgia , Cartilagem da Orelha/cirurgia , Neoplasias da Orelha/cirurgia , Orelha Externa/cirurgia , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estética , Humanos , Masculino , Úlcera Cutânea/etiologia , Úlcera Cutânea/cirurgia , Retalhos Cirúrgicos/irrigação sanguíneaRESUMO
The cheek is the largest anatomical subunit of the face. It is a bilateral structure and symmetry must therefore be preserved. Peripherally it is related to important natural orifices whose location must also be maintained during surgical reconstructions. This is particularly important in the medial zygomatic subunit, whose delicate junction with the lower eyelid means that care must be taken to avoid ectropion. We present 5 options for the reconstruction of surgical defects secondary to the excision of tumors in this region.
Assuntos
Bochecha/cirurgia , Neoplasias Faciais/cirurgia , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodosAssuntos
Carcinoma Basocelular/cirurgia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/cirurgia , Neoplasias Labiais/cirurgia , Lábio/cirurgia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/cirurgia , Neoplasias Primárias Múltiplas/cirurgia , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Língua/cirurgia , Idoso , Estética , Humanos , Masculino , Cirurgia de MohsRESUMO
The subcutaneous pedicled V-Y advancement flap is useful for the repair of small and medium-sized defects in areas where it is easy to obtain a good subcutaneous pedicle (upper lip, cheek, eyebrow, and nasal tip and ala). The almost complete absence of subcutaneous tissue on the anterior aspect of the auricle of the ear can limit the use of this approach in this region. We present 4 patients in whom subcutaneous pedicled V-Y advancement flaps were used to repair surgical defects of the helix, scaphoid fossa, and antitragus, achieving a good functional and aesthetic result in all cases.
Assuntos
Pavilhão Auricular/cirurgia , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Humanos , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Tela Subcutânea/transplanteRESUMO
Dermatologic surgery can sometimes result in scars that are less than satisfactory. Such results, and hence the need for scar revision, can be avoided with careful planning and the use of appropriate surgical techniques. In this practical review, we describe several techniques that will improve functional and cosmetic outcomes. While Z-plasty and its variants are simple yet essential surgical procedures, they can represent a challenge for less experienced surgeons. By gaining a clear understanding of the principles of Z-plasty, the dermatologic surgeon will be able to employ this technique, either alone or with other surgical techniques, in a range of clinical situations.
Assuntos
Cicatriz/prevenção & controle , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Dermatológicos/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Dermatológicos/normas , Cicatriz/etiologia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Dermatológicos/efeitos adversos , HumanosRESUMO
Drugs that block the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) increase the risk of reactivation of latent tuberculosis infection (LTI). The risk is greater with monoclonal antibodies than with etanercept. In order to reduce this risk, screening of latent tuberculosis infection should be performed prior to the initiation of the treatment. Screening includes a complete clinical history, physical examination, tuberculin test, in vitro detection of interferon-gamma (INF-gamma) production and a chest x-ray. The limitations of the different tests should be taken into consideration by the physician. After the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection, the patient must receive treatment with isoniacide for 9 months. In spite of screening and adequate treatment of latent tuberculosis treatment, the patients receiving treatment with anti-TNFalpha drugs may develop active tuberculosis. Thus, the patient should undergo clinical follow-up to detect signs of active tuberculosis with atypical and disseminated pictures.