RESUMO
Thrombocytopenia is defined as a platelet count less than 150,000/µL. It can be the result of decreased platelet production, sequestration of the platelets, or increased destruction of the platelets. The clinical presentation may vary from an incidental finding to obvious bleeding. Causes of thrombocytopenia include infections, malignancy, liver disease, autoimmune disorders, disseminated intravascular coagulation, pregnancy, medications, and coagulation disorders. Treatment is determined by the underlying cause of the thrombocytopenia. This article discusses the evaluation and management of common causes of thrombocytopenia.
Assuntos
Trombocitopenia , Doenças Autoimunes/fisiopatologia , Plaquetas/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Anamnese , Exame Físico , Gravidez , Complicações Hematológicas na Gravidez/fisiopatologia , Trombocitopenia/diagnóstico , Trombocitopenia/etiologia , Trombocitopenia/fisiopatologia , Trombocitopenia/terapiaRESUMO
The chronic leukemias include chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). CML is a clonal myeloproliferative hematopoietic stem-cell disorder, and CLL is a monoclonal B-cell disorder. CML is Philadelphia chromosome positive. There are 3 phases of CML: the chronic phase, the accelerated phase, and the blast phase. The primary treatment of CML consists of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. CLL can present as indolent or fulminant disease. Early disease is managed with observation. Fulminant disease is currently treated with alkylating agents, purine analogues, and monoclonal antibodies, but new biotarged therapies are being developed.