RESUMO
While plasmapheresis is well known to significantly improve both retinal findings and systemic manifestations associated with Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, few reports exist documenting changes in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). The authors present a case of a patient with Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia who had resolution of white-centered peripheral retinal lesions and parafoveal outer nuclear layer hyperreflective material following plasmapheresis. Applying image analysis software to before and after OCT-A images, the authors were able to show an objective decrease in retinal capillary and large vessel density following plasmapheresis. This technique can be used to guide treatment and surveillance for patients with hyperviscosity-related retinopathy.
Assuntos
Retinopatia Diabética/diagnóstico , Programas de Rastreamento/métodos , Atenção Primária à Saúde/métodos , Software , Algoritmos , Inteligência Artificial , Aprendizado Profundo , Diabetes Mellitus/diagnóstico , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Endócrino , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Oftalmológico , Humanos , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Telemedicina/métodos , Estados UnidosRESUMO
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has become standard of care in the diagnosis and management of a myriad of retinal and optic nerve pathology. Access to diagnostic equipment and skilled imaging personnel in the after-hours setting is often limited. We examined the utility and diagnostic indications for automated OCT in a high-volume after-hours clinic within an eye institute. METHODS: OCT images obtained over a period of 15 months were reviewed in the context of electronic patient records. Residents and fellows were surveyed regarding their experience with the OCT and its value in emergency patient management. RESULTS: 202 patients and 359 eyes were examined. Complaints prompting imaging included flashes/floaters, metamorphopsia, decreased vision and scotomas. Diagnoses included vascular occlusion, retinal detachment, macular hole, cystoid macular oedema and central serous retinopathy. Of the 25 residents and fellows surveyed, most agreed that the OCT that facilitated delivery of optimal urgent management. OCT also aided in the triage of patients to specialty clinics. CONCLUSION: Expanded access to automated OCT in the urgent care setting shows promise for improving the accuracy and timeliness of diagnosis, which can be critical for optimising patient outcomes. OCT also provides clear, immediate documentation of pathology for substantiating medical decision-making.
Assuntos
Doenças do Nervo Óptico/etiologia , Vítreo Primário Hiperplásico Persistente/complicações , Doenças Retinianas/etiologia , Corpo Vítreo/irrigação sanguínea , Corpo Vítreo/patologia , Descolamento do Vítreo/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Doenças do Nervo Óptico/diagnóstico por imagem , Vítreo Primário Hiperplásico Persistente/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Retinianas/diagnóstico por imagem , Aderências Teciduais , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica , Descolamento do Vítreo/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Common variable immune deficiency (CVID) is characterized by reduced serum immune globulins and impaired or absent antibody responses. Patients become more susceptible to infections and to lymphoproliferation and granulomatous inflammation. Ophthalmic manifestations of CVID are rare. The authors describe a case of orbital follicular hyperplasia in a 15-year-old girl with CVID syndrome causing proptosis and exposure keratopathy.
Assuntos
Face/anormalidades , Síndromes de Imunodeficiência/complicações , Órbita/patologia , Doenças Orbitárias/etiologia , Adolescente , Exoftalmia/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Hiperplasia/etiologia , Doenças da Imunodeficiência PrimáriaRESUMO
PURPOSE: SPARC is a matricellular protein that is highly expressed in remodeling tissues, including the trabecular meshwork and ciliary body. The hypothesis for the study was that SPARC contributes to the regulation of intraocular pressure (IOP). The IOPs of SPARC-null mice, their corresponding wild-type (WT), and heterozygous animals were compared. METHODS: Diurnal and nocturnal IOPs of C57Bl/6x129SvJ WT, SPARC-null, and heterozygous mice were measured. Fluorophotometric measurements were made to assess aqueous turnover. Central corneal thickness (CCT) was measured using histology, ultrasound biomicroscopy, and optical coherence tomography. Iridocorneal angles were examined using light microscopy (LM). RESULTS: During the day, the mean IOP of SPARC-null mice (n = 142, 16.9 +/- 2.4 mm Hg) was lower than that of both WT mice (n = 104, 19.9 +/- 2.9 mm Hg; P < 10(-12)), and heterozygotes (n = 38, 19.3 +/- 2.5 mm Hg; P < 10(-4)). At night, SPARC-null mice also exhibited a blunted increase in IOP in comparison to WT and heterozygous mice. CCTs were not significantly different between WT and SPARC-null mice. Heterozygous mice tended to have thicker corneas (3.4%). Fluorophotometric measurements suggest that aqueous turnover rates in SPARC-null mice are equal to if not greater than rates in WT mice. LM of the SPARC-null iridocorneal angle revealed morphology that is indistinguishable from WT. CONCLUSIONS: SPARC-null mice have lower IOPs than do their WT counterparts with equal CCTs. The rate of aqueous turnover suggests that the mechanism is enhanced outflow resistance.