Generalized root agenesis in permanent dentition of a young adolescent patient with rhabdomyosarcoma: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma (PM-RMS) is a rare and aggressive soft tissue malignancy that primarily occurs in the head and neck region. The standard treatment approach for RMS involves a multimodal therapy regimen, which includes surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. However, the routine use of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in young patients with RMS in the head and neck region can lead to adverse effects on dental development and thereby, pose a challenge in planning dental intervention. CASE PRESENTATION: This case report outlines the dental and facial developmental consequences in a 13-year-old child, who received chemo-radiotherapeutic intervention at the age of 7 years for the management of PM-RMS. Following treatment, the child exhibited significant dental complications, including arrested root growth and restricted mouth opening. CONCLUSIONS: This case highlights the necessity for interdisciplinary collaboration between oncologists, dentists, and other healthcare professionals to mitigate the adverse effects on dental health and overall quality of life in patients undergoing chemo-radiotherapy for rhabdomyosarcoma.

Oral mycotic infection caused by a rare Verticillium species - a case report.

BACKGROUND: Deep-seated fungal infections of the oral cavity present a diagnostic challenge as the clinical presentation is usually aggressive leading to misdiagnosis of malignancy. Nevertheless, the species of fungi responsible for such diseases in immunocompromised individuals are varied thus, further complicating the diagnosis. CASE PRESENTATION: Presented below is a case regarding the diagnosis and management of deep mycotic infection of the oral cavity caused by a fungus that very rarely causes disease in humans, the Verticillium species. CONCLUSIONS: The case highlights the fact that rare pathogens should also be considered in the differential diagnosis, especially in patients with debilitating conditions like uncontrolled diabetes. Likewise, histopathological evaluation and microbiological investigations are of paramount importance and remain the gold standard to reach a definitive diagnosis.

Mesenchymal stem cells and its translation into clinical orthodontics: current trends and future perspectives.

Oral mesenchymal stem cell populations in humans have been discovered in close vicinity to oral mucosal tissues and both primary (deciduous) and secondary (permanent) teeth. All these different kinds of stem cells have the ability to divide and replenish themselves, however they vary in their gene expression profiles and their capacity to give rise to distinct cell lineages. They all have multipotentiality i.e. chondrogenic, osteogenic, adipogenic, and neurogenic. Due to their relative accessibility, these cell types may form a source of stem cells with substantial potential for application in tissue regeneration. In this review, discoveries outlining stem cell potential are discussed on various aspects as, are their various applications in orthodontics i.e. orthodontic tooth movement, fixing external root resorption, correcting craniofacial anomalies, accelerating craniofacial distraction osteogenesis, recreating the TMJ, and ensuring a stable maxillary expansion.

Aesthetic rehabilitation with immediate implant placement in anterior maxilla after traumatic avulsive injury: A case report.

Traumatic oral injuries present their own unique restorative challenges to the clinician due to their variable clinical presentation. In such cases, achieving optimum aesthetics and function in the maxillary aesthetic zone is challenging. This case report describes the rehabilitation of a patient with immediate implant placement after suffering trauma to the oral cavity resulting in a complete loss (avulsion) of a permanent central incisor tooth. In order to preserve the existing soft and hard tissue and to achieve predictable and aesthetically pleasing results, we decided to place an immediate implant as opposed to replantation of the avulsed tooth. Flapless implant surgery was planned and a dental implant (Bio horizons Implant Systems, Inc.) was placed following non-submerged protocol. At six year follow-up, the clinical and radiographic examination revealed a well osseo-integrated implant with an intact buccal cortical plate. No clinical and radiographic signs of peri-implant disease were noted on follow-up. This case report supports the fact that immediate implant placement for missing teeth in the aesthetic zone results in favourable outcomes both in terms of function and aesthetics.