Network pharmacology analysis of the mechanism of Huisheng oral liquid in the treatment of lung cancer.

Background: To study the active ingredient and possible mechanism of Huisheng oral liquid in the treatment of lung cancer by network pharmacology. Methods: The active ingredient and drug targets of Huisheng oral liquid were screened using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) and Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Database (TCMID), and lung cancer targets were screened using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The drug targets of the effective components of Huisheng oral liquid were matched with disease targets and the obtained intersecting targets were imported into the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interaction Gene/Proteins (STRING) database to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. R software and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database were used for Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG enrichment analyses, and Cytoscape software was used to construct a Huisheng oral liquid component target-lung cancer target network. The function and pathway of the therapeutic target of Huisheng oral liquid for lung cancer were analyzed. Results: A total of 1,376 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of lung cancer were obtained, and 185 potential effective components of Huisheng oral liquid in the treatment of lung cancer were obtained, including quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, and baicalein. There were 36 intersecting targets between Huisheng oral liquid and lung cancer, and the key targets for lung cancer treatment were CDKN1A, CCNB1, MDM2, CDK1, ErbB2, E2F1, EGFR, etc. Huisheng oral liquid mainly regulates the p53 signaling pathway. Conclusions: The mechanism of Huisheng oral liquid in the treatment of lung cancer is mainly reflected in regulating tumor cell apoptosis, inhibiting angiogenesis, and improving immunity.

Effect of Tool Coatings on Machining Properties of Compacted Graphite Iron.

Compacted graphite iron (CGI) has become the most ideal material for automotive engine manufacturing owing to its excellent mechanical properties. However, tools are severely worn during processing, considerably shortening their lifespan. In this study, we prepared a series of cemented carbide-coated tools and evaluated their coating properties in cutting tests. Among all tested coatings, PVD coating made of AlCrN (AC) presented with the best surface integrity and mechanical properties, achieving the best comprehensive performance in the coating test. The AC-coated tool also exhibited the best cutting performance at a low speed of 120 m/min, corresponding to a 60% longer cutting life and the lowest workpiece surface roughness relative to other coated tools. In the cutting test at a high speed of 350 m/min, the CVD double-layer coated tool (MT) with a TiCN inner layer of and an Al2O3 outer layer had a 70% longer cutting life and the lowest workpiece surface roughness relative to other coated tools.

Adverse skin reactions induced by sintilimab in advanced lung squamous carcinoma: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Sintilimab is an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI). It can induce immune-related Adverse Events (irAEs). Severe adverse skin reactions are rare, but the mortality rate is high. We report the first case of successful treatment of adverse skin reactions using traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Case Description: Here we present the case of a 67-year-old male with advanced lung squamous carcinoma. After 8 cycles of chemotherapy, the patient's disease progressed and the treatment regimen was adjusted to sintilimab combined with albumin paclitaxel and cisplatin. Thirty-two days after this cycle, the patient reported a sporadic rash with pruritus on the face, front chest, and both upper limbs. The area of rash was 40%, and the adverse reaction was grade 3. The level of interleukin-related indicators was above normal. The patient's skin symptoms disappeared after treatment with hormones, TCM, and other drugs. The patient's adverse skin reaction was due to an immune-related toxicity caused by sintilimab, so treatment with sintilimab was suspended. The albumin-paclitaxel plus cisplatin regimen was continued to treat lung cancer. Conclusions: Although rare, case of fatal adverse reaction caused by sintilimab have been reported. We recommend early monitoring and recognition of symptoms. During management, high-dose hormones combined TCM may be helpful.

Construction and Comprehensive Analysis of a ceRNA Network to Reveal Potential Novel Biomarkers for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

BACKGROUND: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most common and aggressive type of breast cancer with an unfavourable outcome worldwide. Novel therapeutic targets are urgently required to explore this malignancy. This study explored the ceRNA network and the important genes for predicting the therapeutic targets. METHODS: It identified the differentially expressed genes of mRNAs, lncRNAs and miRNAs between TNBC and non-TNBC samples in four cohorts (TCGA, GSE38959, GSE45827 and GSE65194) to explore the novel therapeutic targets for TNBC. Downstream analyses, including functional enrichment analysis, ceRNA network, protein-protein interaction and survival analysis, were then conducted by bioinformatics analysis. Finally, the potential core protein of the ceRNA network in TNBC was validated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: A total of 1,045 lncRNAs and 28 miRNAs were differentially expressed in the TCGA TNBC samples, and the intersections of 282 mRNAs (176 upregulations and 106 downregulations) between the GEO and TCGA databases were identified. A ceRNA network composed of 7 lncRNAs, 62 mRNAs, 12 miRNAs and 244 edges specific to TNBC was established. The functional assay showed dysregulated genes, and GO, DO and KEGG enrichment analysis were performed. Survival analysis showed that mRNA LIFR and lncRNA AC124312.3 were significantly correlated with the overall survival of patients with TNBC in the TCGA databases (P < 0.05). Finally, the LIFR protein was validated, and immunohistochemical results showed the upregulated expression of LIFR in TNBC tissues. CONCLUSION: Thus, our study presents an enhanced understanding of the ceRNA network in TNBC, where the key gene LIFR may be a new promising potential therapeutic target for patients with TNBC.

Enhanced cyclooxygenase-2 activity leads to intestinal dysmotility following hemorrhagic shock

ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To test whether hemorrhagic shock (HS) increases the Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in the intestine and whether this enhanced COX-2 expression mediates the intestinal dysmotility after HS. METHODS: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into HS sham group and HS group. At 180 min following HS establishment, the duodenum samples were harvested to assess the motility function, protein expression of COX-2 and the downstream products of COX-2, prostaglandins. RESULTS: Examination of motility function ex vivo showed that the contractile response to acetylcholine of smooth muscle strips of rats subjected to HS was significantly suppressed. A COX-2 inhibitor, NS-398, abolished this depressed contractile response after HS. Western blotting revealed an increased protein expression of COX-2 in intestinal tissues of HS rats. Immunohistochemical examination indicated that intestine tissues of HS rats were manifested by part of villous expansion and disruption, a large amount of COX-2 positive cells appearance in lamina propria and submucosa. Furthermore, the contents of prostaglandin E2 was significantly increased in intestinal tissues of HS rats. CONCLUSION: The enhanced COX-2/ prostaglandin E2 involves in the hemorrhagic shock induced intestinal dysmotility.