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1.
Syst Rev ; 7(1): 98, 2018 07 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30021636

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Glucose abnormalities in cystic fibrosis (CF) are common, but there is limited evidence to guide their dietary management. Progressive impaired glucose tolerance eventually leads to cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD), the most prevalent complication of CF, which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Optimising glycaemic control improves clinical status and reduces mortality; insulin therapy is the primary means of controlling glycaemia in CFRD, but its role in managing pre-diabetes is less clear. CF dietary therapy requires a high calorie diet due to increased energy expenditure and malabsorption, but this energy-dense diet is typically high in fat and sugar, and high sugar intakes often result in hyperglycaemia in individuals who have impaired glucose handling. Current guidelines for the dietary management of glucose abnormalities in CF are based on clinical consensus rather than empirical evidence. A systematic review conducted in 2012 on the effects of low glycaemic index dietary intervention in CF concluded that there is a dearth of evidence in this area. This review will update the systematic review by Balzer et al. in 2012 and will broaden the scope of their review to include any type of dietary intervention for managing glucose abnormalities in CF. METHODS: Quantitative studies of dietary interventions to manage glucose abnormalities in individuals aged over 5 years with CF and glucose abnormalities will be reviewed. No limits will be placed on language or study design. The comparator will be standard CF dietary therapy (energy dense, high-fat diet) in addition to insulin therapy for individuals with CFRD. Electronic databases will be searched for completed quantitative studies published in peer-review journals that focus on dietary interventions for managing glucose abnormalities in CF. Searches will be conducted from 2000 up to the present day to reflect the evolving improvements in CF management. No restrictions will be placed on study design or language. Duration of the dietary intervention must be a minimum of 2 months and only interventions in out-patient or community settings will be included. Studies must report on dietary intervention, glycaemic control, anthropometry and lung function. Evidence will be assessed for heterogeneity and a narrative review or meta-analysis conducted as appropriate. DISCUSSION: This systematic review will elucidate current knowledge of the effects of dietary interventions for managing glucose abnormalities in the vulnerable CF clinical population. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018085569 www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/.


Assuntos
Fibrose Cística/complicações , Fibrose Cística/dietoterapia , Intolerância à Glucose , Glicemia/metabolismo , Peso Corporal , Criança , Humanos , Hipoglicemiantes/uso terapêutico , Insulina/uso terapêutico , Testes de Função Respiratória
2.
Inorg Chem ; 55(11): 5375-83, 2016 Jun 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27152549

RESUMO

A series of iron centered complexes, namely, [Fe(Py2TTA)Cl2] (1), [Fe(Py2TTA)Br2] (2), and [Fe(µ-F)(Py2TTAO)F]∞ (3), were isolated via complexation of 3,5-bis(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4,6-thiatriazine (Py2TTAH) with various ferric halides (e.g., FeF3, FeCl3, and FeBr3). Comparison of the optical and electrochemical spectroscopy, structural analysis, and magnetic studies reveal numerous similarities between the chlorido (1) and bromido (2) derivatives, which crystallize as discrete five-coordinate iron centered complexes with coordination geometries that are intermediate between trigonal bipyramidal and square base pyramid. Conversely, the fluorido derivative (3) results in a completely different structure due to oxidation of the ligand and the formation of a one-dimensional coordination polymer held together through a bridging fluoride ion. Consequently, the spectroscopic and magnetic behavior of 3 differs significantly compared with 1 and 2. Complexes 1 and 2 exhibit paramagnetic properties typical for a mononuclear S = 5/2 system with weak intermolecular antiferromagnetic interactions at low temperatures, whereas complex 3 demonstrates significant exchange couplings within the chain and weak antiferromagnetic interchain interactions, which stabilize a canted antiferromagnetic state below 4.2 K.

3.
Dalton Trans ; 44(22): 10516-23, 2015 Jun 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25986848

RESUMO

A complex exhibiting valence delocalization was prepared from 3,5-bis(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4,6-thiatriazinyl (), an inherently redox active pincer-type ligand, coordinated to iron ( ()). Complex can be prepared via two routes, either from the reaction of the neutral radical with FeCl2 or by treatment of the anionic ligand () with FeCl3, demonstrating its unique redox behaviour. Electrochemical studies, solution absorption and solid-state diffuse reflectance measurements along with X-ray crystallography were carried out to elucidate the molecular and solid-state properties. Temperature- and field-dependent Mössbauer spectroscopy coupled with magnetic measurements revealed that exhibits an isolated S = 5/2 ground spin state for which the low-temperature magnetic behaviour is dominated by exchange interactions between neighbouring molecules. This ground state is rationalized on the basis of DFT calculations that predict the presence of strong electronic interactions between the redox active ligand and metal. This interaction leads to the delocalization of ß electron density over the two redox active centres and highlights the difficulty in assigning formal charges to .

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