Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 13 de 13
Filtrar
Mais filtros











Base de dados
Intervalo de ano de publicação
1.
J Neurol Sci ; 370: 88-93, 2016 Nov 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27772794

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Our purpose is to describe the thalamic veins using a novel approach named venous gliography in cases with primary or secondary gliomas of the thalamus. Venous gliography is defined by authors as a method to visualize veins on MRI Brain T1-weighted post contrast scans containing gliomas which have induced regional venous congestion. METHODS: Routine clinical MR Imaging studies were reviewed to assess the presence of thalamic veins in 29 glioma cases. In addition, confocal reconstruction techniques (Anatom-e and Osirix) were used in cases that had thin sections (1.0-1.5mm) post contrast T1 weighted sequences. Multiplanar MIP and confocal volume rendered images were generated to evaluate the thalamic veins in those cases. RESULTS: Using venous gliography and confocal reconstruction techniques, two patterns in the venous architecture of the thalamus were documented. First, the branching pattern created by the tributaries of the internal cerebral vein, namely the superior thalamic vein and the anterior thalamic vein, which together formed the superior group of thalamic veins. Second, the pattern created by the un-branched vertically oriented veins, namely the inferior thalamic veins and the posterior thalamic veins, which joined the basal vein of Rosenthal and constituted the inferior group of thalamic veins. CONCLUSIONS: Venous gliography combined with the use of confocal reconstruction techniques provided a novel approach to display the thalamic veins that are usually not seen. The understanding of the venous architecture is mandated by the recent research where veins have taken on an important role in the perivenular spread of gliomas.


Assuntos
Veias Cerebrais/diagnóstico por imagem , Imageamento Tridimensional/métodos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Tálamo/irrigação sanguínea , Tálamo/diagnóstico por imagem , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Neoplasias Encefálicas/irrigação sanguínea , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Glioma/irrigação sanguínea , Glioma/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem
2.
Radiographics ; 35(3): 793-803, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25969935

RESUMO

The posterior frontal lobe of the brain houses Brodmann area 4, which is the primary motor cortex, and Brodmann area 6, which consists of the supplementary motor area on the medial portion of the hemisphere and the premotor cortex on the lateral portion. In this area, safe resection is dependent on accurate localization of the motor cortex and the central sulcus, which can usually be achieved by using thin-section imaging and confirmed by using other techniques. The most reliable anatomic landmarks are the "hand knob" area and the marginal ramus of the cingulate sulcus. Postoperatively, motor deficits can occur not only because of injury to primary motor cortex but also because of injury to the supplementary motor area. Unlike motor cortex injury, the supplementary motor area syndrome is transient, if it occurs at all. On the lateral hemisphere, motor and language deficits can also occur because of premotor cortex injury, but a dense motor deficit would indicate subcortical injury to the corticospinal tract. The close relationship of the subcortical motor fibers and premotor cortex is illustrated. In contrast to the more constant landmarks of the central sulcus and marginal ramus, which aid in preoperative localization, the variable interruptions in the precentral and cingulate sulci of the posterior frontal lobe seem to provide "cortical bridges" for spread of infiltrating gliomas.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico , Glioma/diagnóstico , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Córtex Motor/patologia , Pontos de Referência Anatômicos , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/cirurgia , Meios de Contraste , Glioma/patologia , Glioma/cirurgia , Humanos , Córtex Motor/cirurgia
3.
Neurosurgery ; 73(3): 534-42, 2013 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23728447

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Despite improvements in advanced magnetic resonance imaging and intraoperative mapping, cases remain in which it is difficult to determine whether viable eloquent structures are involved by a glioma. A novel software program, deformable anatomic templates (DAT), rapidly embeds the normal location of eloquent cortex and functional tracts in the magnetic resonance images of glioma-bearing brain. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of the DAT technique in patients with gliomas related to eloquent brain. METHODS: Forty cases of gliomas (grade II-IV) with minimal mass effect were referred for a prospective preoperative and postoperative DAT analysis. The DAT results were compared with the patient's functional magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, operative stimulation, and new postoperative clinical deficits. RESULTS: Fifteen of the 40 glioma patients had overlap between tumor and eloquent structures. Immediate postoperative neurological deficits were seen in 9 cases in which the DAT showed the eloquent area both within the tumor and within or at the edge of the resection cavity. In 6 cases with no deficits, DAT placed the eloquent area in the tumor but outside the resection cavity. CONCLUSION: This is proof of concept that DAT can improve the analysis of diffuse gliomas of any grade by efficiently alerting the surgeon to the possibility of eloquent area invasion. The technique is especially helpful in diffuse glioma because these tumors tend to infiltrate rather than displace eloquent structures. DAT is limited by tract displacement in gliomas that produces moderate to severe mass effect.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Glioma/patologia , Software , Adulto , Idoso , Mapeamento Encefálico , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos
4.
J Comput Assist Tomogr ; 36(2): 280-4, 2012.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22446375

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the concordance between the Deformable Anatomic Template (DAT)-identified origin of motor hand fibers and localization of the motor cortex of the hand by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). METHODS: Preoperative fMRI during hand motor tasks was performed on 36 hemispheres in 26 patients with gliomas in or near eloquent areas. Reformatted volume-rendered surface images were labeled with the DAT's hand motor fibers and fMRI data. Five reviewers assessed the data for concordance. RESULTS: Available fMRI data were diagnostically usable in 92% (33/36 analyzed hemispheres), with DAT anatomic accuracy in the remaining cases. The DAT prediction and fMRI findings were concordant in all 9 normal hemispheres and in 20 (83%) of 24 glioma-bearing hemispheres. The 4 discordant cases resulted from substantial mass effect by large frontal tumors. CONCLUSIONS: This study validated DAT's anatomic atlas and alignment process for the expected position of the motor cortex of the hand.


Assuntos
Mapeamento Encefálico/métodos , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/fisiopatologia , Glioma/diagnóstico , Glioma/fisiopatologia , Mãos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Córtex Motor/fisiopatologia , Neuroimagem/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Diagnóstico por Computador , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
5.
J Comput Assist Tomogr ; 34(6): 961-5, 2010.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21084917

RESUMO

This is the third in a series of medical graphics articles featuring the arterial anatomy of the pancreas as depicted on segmented computed tomography-angiography. These segmented computed tomography-angiography displays serve as a road map of the routes of tumor spread by ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas because perineural tumor invasion parallels the pancreatic arteries.


Assuntos
Artérias/anatomia & histologia , Invasividade Neoplásica/diagnóstico por imagem , Pâncreas/irrigação sanguínea , Pâncreas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/irrigação sanguínea , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Angiografia , Humanos , Imageamento Tridimensional , Ilustração Médica , Pâncreas/anatomia & histologia
6.
J Comput Assist Tomogr ; 34(5): 795-8, 2010.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20861789

RESUMO

This is the second in a 3-part series of medical graphics articles featuring the arterial anatomy of the pancreas as depicted on computed tomography images. Tumor encasement of the peripancreatic arteries is a hallmark of ductal adenocarcinoma.


Assuntos
Pâncreas/irrigação sanguínea , Pâncreas/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Humanos , Imageamento Tridimensional/métodos , Doadores Vivos , Pâncreas/anatomia & histologia , Transplante de Pâncreas
7.
J Comput Assist Tomogr ; 34(4): 633-6, 2010 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20657236

RESUMO

This is the first in a series of 3 medical graphics articles featuring the arterial anatomy of the pancreas as depicted on computed tomography images. This arterial anatomy is important in clinical practice because it represents a road map of the routes of tumor spread by ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas.


Assuntos
Pâncreas/irrigação sanguínea , Pâncreas/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Humanos , Imageamento Tridimensional/métodos , Pâncreas/anatomia & histologia
8.
Radiographics ; 24(2): 419-34, 2004.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15026591

RESUMO

There are different lymphatic drainage pathways in the thorax that are relevant in the staging of lung cancer, breast cancer, lymphoma, esophageal cancer, and malignant mesothelioma. To properly search for metastatic spread, it is important to carefully evaluate the specific nodal stations that drain the thoracic structures from which a primary tumor originates. Because size criteria have limitations in the prediction of nodal status, pathologic confirmation is essential for accurate staging. Computed tomography (CT) is useful in helping the surgeon or interventional radiologist determine the most appropriate approach for nodal sampling. Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) has an increasing role in detection of diseased lymph nodes that appear normal at CT alone, particularly when FDG PET images are fused with CT images. However, the role of radiologic imaging extends beyond initial staging and the guidance of interventions to include posttreatment assessment and the detection of recurrent disease. Therefore, at all levels of cancer imaging, it is essential to identify the relevant lymph node regions and their relations to the primary tumor.


Assuntos
Metástase Linfática/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Torácicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Idoso , Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico por imagem , Carcinoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Carcinoma/secundário , Neoplasias Esofágicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Fluordesoxiglucose F18 , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagem , Linfoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Mediastino , Mesotelioma/diagnóstico por imagem , Mesotelioma/secundário , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias/métodos , Neoplasias Pleurais/diagnóstico por imagem , Radiografia Intervencionista , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão
9.
J Comput Assist Tomogr ; 27(4): 657-61, 2003.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12886163

RESUMO

The purpose of this set of 2 articles is to illustrate the source and direction of lymphatic drainage in the thorax on axial computed tomographic (CT) schematics. The first article describes the upper thorax. This article describes the lower thorax. The nodal groups are given conventional anatomic names and the corresponding terminology of the American Thoracic Society. Arrows indicate the direction of the flow. The region or organ drained is color-coded, and nodes that receive lymph from each area are assigned appropriately colored and numbered boxes. Major drainage patterns are also described. This information can be used to assess a suspicious lymph node by tracing it to the region of drainage and looking for pathology. Alternately, one may extrapolate the potential drainage routes of a tumor and scrutinize specific sites for nodal metastases.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Metástase Linfática/diagnóstico por imagem , Sistema Linfático/anatomia & histologia , Tórax/anatomia & histologia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Humanos , Metástase Linfática/patologia , Valores de Referência
10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12824727

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To demonstrate the utility of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) reconstructed in non-orthogonal planes in the planning of temporal bone surgery. STUDY DESIGN: Qualitative and quantitative comparison of in vivo anatomic measurements between orthogonal and non-orthogonal plane reformatted HRCT of the temporal bone. METHODS: HRCT data of 10 normal temporal bones were reconstructed two-dimensionally in two non-orthogonal planes. Parallel to the plane defined by the superior semicircular canal (defined as transverse) as well as perpendicular to the plane defined by the superior semicircular canal (defined as longitudinal). This was done using commercially available software. Sixteen surgically important relationships between neural, vascular and/or bony structures were measured and analyzed. RESULTS: Quantitatively, wide variations were obtained in the measurements obtained from images of both non-orthogonal planar orientations. These variations were not age or sex dependent. Qualitatively, the images obtained highlight the anatomy of the temporal bone and skull base as it will be encountered during otologic surgery, since the surgical visual axis is along the long axis of the temporal bone. CONCLUSIONS: The reformatted images in non-orthogonal planes were superior to the axial and coronal series because they condensed critical relationships into a single perspective which promoted an intuitive understanding of the surgical approach. These reconstructed images show wide differences in quantitative measurements between surgically relevant landmarks. The protocol can be easily implemented in the clinical setting and is a potentially valuable educational tool. We recommend that non-orthogonal reconstructed images be routinely included with orthogonal temporal bone HRCT scans.


Assuntos
Orelha Média/cirurgia , Intensificação de Imagem Radiográfica , Osso Temporal/diagnóstico por imagem , Osso Temporal/cirurgia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Adulto , Criança , Orelha Média/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Humanos , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
11.
J Comput Assist Tomogr ; 27(2): 292-6, 2003.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12703029

RESUMO

The purpose of this set of two articles is to illustrate the source and direction of lymphatic drainage in the thorax on axial CT schematics. The first article describes the upper thorax. The second article will describe the lower thorax. The nodal groups are given conventional anatomic names and the corresponding terminology of the American Thoracic Society. Arrows indicate the direction of the flow. The region or organ drained is color-coded, and nodes that receive lymph from each area are assigned appropriately colored boxes. Major drainage patterns are also described. This information can be used to assess a suggestive lymph node by tracing it to the region of drainage and looking for pathological lesions. Alternatively, one may extrapolate the potential drainage routes of a tumor and scrutinize specific sites for nodal metastases.


Assuntos
Tórax , Fluordesoxiglucose F18 , Humanos , Linfonodos/diagnóstico por imagem , Metástase Linfática , Linfoma/diagnóstico , Linfoma/patologia , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos , Neoplasias Torácicas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Torácicas/patologia , Tórax/diagnóstico por imagem , Tórax/patologia , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X
12.
J Comput Assist Tomogr ; 26(6): 1069-74, 2002.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12488763

RESUMO

This is the first of two articles designed to provide user-friendly schematics of the adult dural vascular anatomy. It describes the intrinsic meningeal arteries and veins of the skull base/cranial vault and the dural partitions (the tentorium, falx cerebelli, and falx cerebri). The discussion of this anatomy is supplemented by illustrative pathologic insights. The second article focuses on the dural sinuses and their remaining tributaries from the brain, diploë, and emissary veins from the extracranial soft tissues. This information will assist in interpreting neuroimaging studies, communications with clinicians, and teaching of this difficult subject.


Assuntos
Dura-Máter/irrigação sanguínea , Artérias Meníngeas/anatomia & histologia , Malformações Vasculares do Sistema Nervoso Central/diagnóstico , Malformações Vasculares do Sistema Nervoso Central/patologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Dura-Máter/patologia , Hematoma Epidural Craniano/diagnóstico , Hematoma Epidural Craniano/patologia , Humanos , Malformações Arteriovenosas Intracranianas/diagnóstico , Malformações Arteriovenosas Intracranianas/patologia , Artérias Meníngeas/patologia , Meningioma/diagnóstico , Meningioma/patologia , Valores de Referência , Veias/anatomia & histologia
13.
J Comput Assist Tomogr ; 26(2): 317-22, 2002.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11884793

RESUMO

SUMMARY: The purpose of this article is to correlate endoscopic surgical procedures in the sinuses with computer tomographic (CT) scans. Twelve commonly performed procedures were color-coded on a set of normal coronal and axial CT scans. The illustrated procedures are uncinectomy/antrostomy, anterior ethmoidectomy, posterior ethmoidectomy, sphenoidotomy, partial inferior turbinectomy, partial middle turbinectomy, septoplasty, frontal recess approach, dacrocystorhinostomy, orbital decompression, optic nerve decompression, and medial maxillectomy. Drainage of a medial orbital abscess is discussed but not illustrated. A brief description of the indications, surgical approach, and complications of each procedure is also provided.


Assuntos
Endoscopia/métodos , Seios Paranasais/anatomia & histologia , Seios Paranasais/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Cor , Humanos , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA