RENAL PROTECTIVE EFFECT AND CLINICAL ANALYSIS OF VITAMIN B 6 IN PATIENTS WITH SEPSIS.

ABSTRACT: Objective: To investigate the protective effect and possible mechanisms of vitamin B 6 against renal injury in patients with sepsis. Methods: A total of 128 patients with sepsis who met the entry criteria in multiple centers were randomly divided into experimental (intravenous vitamin B 6 therapy) and control (intravenous 0.9% sodium chloride therapy) groups based on usual care. Clinical data, the inflammatory response indicators interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and endothelin-1 (ET-1), the oxidative stress response indicators superoxide dismutase, glutathione and malondialdehyde, and renal function (assessed by blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and renal resistance index monitored by ultrasound) were compared between the two groups. Results: After 7 d of treatment, the IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and ET-1 levels in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group, the oxidative stress response indicators were significantly improved in the experimental group and the blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and renal resistance index values in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference between the two groups in the rate of renal replacement therapy and 28 d mortality ( P > 0.05). However, the intensive care unit length of stay and the total hospitalization expenses in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: The administration of vitamin B 6 in the treatment of patients with sepsis attenuates renal injury, and the mechanism may be related to pyridoxine decreasing the levels of inflammatory mediators and their regulation by redox stress.

Simultaneous determination of praziquantel and its main metabolites in the tissues of black goats and their residue depletion.

Praziquantel (PZQ) is a pyrazino-isoquinoline compound with broad spectrum of activity against parasitic trematodes and cestodes, and a key veterinary drug in the parasitic disease control field. However, PZQ residues caused by non-conforming or excessive use in food-producing animals may pose a serious threat to human health. Herein, a simple, sensitive and reproducible LC-MS/MS method was developed for the simultaneous determination of praziquantel and trans- and cis-4-hydroxypraziquantel in black goat tissues to guide the reasonable use of PZQ. The mean recoveries for three target analytes were 71.2 ∼ 117.6%, and the limits of quantification were 1.0 µg/kg. Twenty-five healthy black goats were administered a single dose of praziquantel tablets at a dose of 35 mg/kg of body weight for residue elimination study, The results revealed that praziquantel and 4-hydroxypraziquantel were rapidly depleted in goat tissues and the elimination half-lives did not exceed 1 day in all tissues except for muscle and lung. It provides guidance for the establishment of maximum residue limit of praziquantel in goat.

Effectiveness of Amiodarone in Preventing the Occurrence of Reperfusion Ventricular Fibrillation After the Release of Aortic Cross-Clamp in Open-Heart Surgery Patients: A Meta-Analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficiency of amiodarone in preventing the occurrence of reperfusion ventricular fibrillation (RVF) after aortic cross-clamp (ACC) release in patients undergoing open-heart surgery. METHODS: We searched the Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed databases through January 2021 for relevant studies addressing the efficacy of amiodarone in preventing RVF after ACC release in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. A complete statistical analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to express the results of dichotomous outcomes using random or fixed-effect models. The chi-square test and I 2 test were used to calculate heterogeneity. RESULTS: Seven studies (856 enrolled patients; 311 in the amiodarone group, 268 in the lidocaine group, and 277 in the placebo group) were selected for the meta-analysis. The incidence of RVF was significantly decreased in the amiodarone group compared to the placebo group (RR = 0.69, 95%CI: 0.50-0.94, P = 0.02). However, amiodarone and lidocaine did not confer any significant difference (RR = 0.98, 95%CI: 0.61-1.59, P = 0.94). The percentage of patients requiring electric defibrillation counter shocks (DCSs) did not confer any significant difference between patients administered amiodarone and lidocaine or placebo (RR = 1.58, 95%CI: 0.29-8.74, P = 0.60; RR = 0.55, 95%CI: 0.27-1.10, P = 0.09; respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Amiodarone is more effective than a placebo in preventing RVF after ACC release in cardiac surgery. However, the amiodarone group required the same number of electrical DCSs to terminate RVF as the lidocaine or placebo groups.

Efficiency comparison of apigenin-7-O-glucoside and trolox in antioxidative stress and anti-inflammatory properties.

OBJECTIVES: Chamomile has long been used as a medicinal plant due to its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity. Apigenin-7-O-glucoside (AG) is one of the major ethanol extract components from chamomile; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. METHODS: In this study, the antioxidant potential and the anti-inflammatory activities of AG were analysed and compared with those of trolox. We demonstrate the protective effects of AG on free radical-induced oxidative damage of DNA, proteins and erythrocytes. Flow cytometry assay was used to detect ROS production. Additionally, the expression of anti-oxidation-related and inflammation-related factors was detected by ELISA and Western blotting, respectively. KEY FINDINGS: AG and trolox showed different efficiency as antioxidant in different experimental systems. AG had similar effect as trolox to inhibit H2 O2 -induced ROS production in RAW264.7 cells, while exerted stronger inhibition against free radical-induced oxidative damage on erythrocytes than trolox. Interestingly, compared with trolox, AG also had stronger inhibitory effect on LPS-induced NF-κB/NLRP3/caspase-1 signalling in RAW246.7 cells. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest the potential of AG as a pharmaceutical drug for anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation, and the combined usage of AG and trolox might promote its efficacy. Our findings will provide new insights into the development of new drugs with antioxidative and anti-inflammatory functions.

Serum irisin associates with breast cancer to spinal metastasis.

The aim of this study was to determine whether the serum level of irisin can be a candidate to predict the spinal metastasis in patients with breast cancer.In a cross-sectional study, 148 patients were recruited. Of those, 53 (35.8%) had spinal metastasis. The baseline characteristics were compared by status of spinal metastasis. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine whether the serum irisin can be a candidate for predicting breast cancer to spinal metastasis. The correlation coefficient analysis was used to confirm the correlation between the serum irisin and lipid metabolic parameters and body mass index (BMI), respectively.The serum irisin was higher in patients without spinal metastasis (7.60 ±â€Š3.80). Multivariable analysis showed that the serum irisin was protective to the presence of spinal metastasis in patients with breast cancer after adjustments of age and BMI (odds ratio, 0.873; 95% confidence interval, 0.764-0.999). Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between the serum irisin and BMI (r = 0.263). The patients with metabolisc syndrome (MetS) had a higher level in serum irisin. In addition, the higher numbers of MetS components were associated with higher serum irisin.Higher serum irisin can be a protective factor of spinal metastasis in patients with breast cancer. The BMI is positively associated with the serum level of irisin. Furthermore, patients with MetS tended to have a higher level of serum irisin.

One-stage Surgical Management for Lumbar Brucella Spondylitis by Posterior Debridement, Autogenous Bone Graft and Instrumentation: A Case Series of 24 Patients.

STUDY DESIGN: Clinical case series. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore the efficacy and safety of one-stage debridement, autogenous bone graft, and instrumentation for lumbar brucella spondylitis (LBS) via a posterior approach. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Reports on LBS are sporadic, and the therapeutic effect and safety of surgical interventions have not been assessed in clinical studies. METHODS: Between January 2012 and January 2014, 24 consecutive patients with symptomatic LBS who underwent a one-stage operation that combined debridement, autogenous bone graft, and instrumentation via a posterior approach were enrolled. Back pain was measured using the visual analog scale (VAS). The neurological status was evaluated with the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) scale. Bone healing was evaluated based on postoperative plain x-ray or computed tomography. RESULTS: All cases were followed up for an average of 14.3 + 3.5 months. The VAS scores were significantly improved at every follow-up interval. An improvement of at least one grade level was observed in the ASIA score of each patient. The average time of bone fusion was 6.8 + 1.6 months. Significant improvements of the average segmental Cobb angle was observed from a preoperative value of 18.4° + 4.6° to a last follow-up value of 21.1°â€Š±â€Š3.7°. At the last follow up, the titers of antibodies against the standard tube agglutination test, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein were negative for all patients. CONCLUSION: For LBS, systemic antibrucellosis chemotherapy is the cornerstone of treatment. When cauda equine syndrome, radiculopathy, spinal instability, and severe back pain caused by extradural nonabsorbable abscess or progressive collapse are present, surgical intervention is inevitable. One-stage debridement, autogenous bone graft, and instrumentation via a posterior approach could represent an alternative treatment for LBS, and the efficacy and safety of these techniques are satisfactory. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4.

Development of a multi-residue method for fast screening and confirmation of 20 prohibited veterinary drugs in feedstuffs by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.

A simple multiresidue method was developed for detecting and quantifying twenty analytes from 5 classes of prohibited veterinary drugs (ß-agonists (9), anabolic hormones (4), quinoxalines (4), tranquilizers (1), cyproheptadine, and clonidine in animal feeds using a QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) approach. Feed samples were extracted by ultrasonic-assisted extraction with a mixture of methanol-acetonitrile (50:50, v/v), followed by a cleanup using a dispersive solid-phase extraction with PSA (primary secondary amine). Target compounds were separated and determined by a liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole mass spectrometer operating in positive electrospray ionization mode, using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). The recoveries of these compounds were between 56.7% and 103% at three spiked levels. The repeatability was lower than 10%, whereas reproducibility was no more than 15% except for nandrolone (17% at 10µgkg(-1)) and diazepam (19% at 10µgkg(-1)). Decision limits (CCαs) and detection capabilities (CCßs) ranged from 0.42 to 5.74µgkg(-1) and 5.70-9.81µgkg(-1), respectively. The method was successfully applied to screening of real samples obtained from local feed markets and confirmation of the suspected target analytes.