Extended and Long-term Cancer Survivorship of Childhood Survivors: A Scoping Review of Nursing Evidence With Bibliometric Analysis.

BACKGROUND: With the increasing survival rates of childhood cancer, nurses' familiarity with published evidence has become crucial to care for this population and their families throughout the survival process. OBJECTIVE: To systematically identify and conduct a bibliometric analysis of nursing-related evidence concerning extended and long-term survival of childhood survivors. METHODS: A scoping review was conducted using bibliometric analysis with searches performed in the PubMed, CINAHL, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases. A total of 300 studies on childhood cancer survival within the nursing field were included. RESULTS: The first study on this topic was published in 1975. American and Chinese researchers lead study publications, primarily publishing in nursing journals such as Cancer Nursing. Quantitative designs were prevalent, and the majority of the studies focused on physical late effects, overall quality of life, and survivor follow-up care. CONCLUSIONS: This study has allowed us to map and synthesize the bibliometric evidence pertaining to the extended and long-term survivorship of childhood cancer survivors in the nursing field. Consequently, it identifies gaps in knowledge, research trends, and areas necessitating further exploration. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The evidence presented in this review can facilitate academic and clinical discussions, offering a comprehensive synthesis of the published knowledge. More research needs to be developed on the topic, particularly in Central and Latin America, Africa, Southern and Eastern Europe, and in some regions of Asia. Furthermore, the scope of studies should extend beyond late effects and quality of life, encompassing the experience of surviving childhood cancer, including psychosocial and spiritual dimensions.

Interleukin 27, like interferons, activates JAK-STAT signaling and promotes pro-inflammatory and antiviral states that interfere with dengue and chikungunya viruses replication in human macrophages.

Interferons (IFNs) are a family of cytokines that activate the JAK-STAT signaling pathway to induce an antiviral state in cells. Interleukin 27 (IL-27) is a member of the IL-6 and/or IL-12 family that elicits both pro- and anti-inflammatory responses. Recent studies have reported that IL-27 also induces a robust antiviral response against diverse viruses, both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that IFNs and IL-27 share many similarities at the functional level. However, it is still unknown how similar or different IFN- and IL-27-dependent signaling pathways are. To address this question, we conducted a comparative analysis of the transcriptomic profiles of human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) exposed to IL-27 and those exposed to recombinant human IFN-α, IFN-γ, and IFN-λ. We utilized bioinformatics approaches to identify common differentially expressed genes between the different transcriptomes. To verify the accuracy of this approach, we used RT-qPCR, ELISA, flow cytometry, and microarrays data. We found that IFNs and IL-27 induce transcriptional changes in several genes, including those involved in JAK-STAT signaling, and induce shared pro-inflammatory and antiviral pathways in MDMs, leading to the common and unique expression of inflammatory factors and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs)Importantly, the ability of IL-27 to induce those responses is independent of IFN induction and cellular lineage. Additionally, functional analysis demonstrated that like IFNs, IL-27-mediated response reduced chikungunya and dengue viruses replication in MDMs. In summary, IL-27 exhibits properties similar to those of all three types of human IFN, including the ability to stimulate a protective antiviral response. Given this similarity, we propose that IL-27 could be classified as a distinct type of IFN, possibly categorized as IFN-pi (IFN-π), the type V IFN (IFN-V).

Fabrication of Micropatterns of Aligned Collagen Fibrils.

Many tissues in vivo contain aligned structures such as filaments, fibrils, and fibers, which expose cells to anisotropic structural and topographical cues that range from the nanometer to micrometer scales. Understanding how cell behavior is regulated by these cues during physiological and pathological processes (e.g., wound healing, cancer invasion) requires substrates that can expose cells to anisotropic cues over several length scales. In this study, we developed a novel method of fabricating micropatterns of aligned collagen fibrils of different geometry onto PDMS-coated glass coverslips that allowed us to investigate the roles of topography and confinement on corneal cell behavior. When corneal cells were cultured on micropatterns of aligned collagen fibrils in the absence of confinement, the degree of cell alignment increased from 40 ± 14 to 82 ± 5% as the size of the micropattern width decreased from 750 to 50 µm. Although the cell area (∼2500 µm2), cell length (∼160 µm), and projected nuclear area (∼175 µm2) were relatively constant on the different micropattern widths, cells displayed an increased aspect ratio as the width of the aligned collagen fibril micropatterns decreased. We also observed that the morphology of cells adhering to the surrounding uncoated PDMS was dependent upon both the size of the aligned collagen fibril micropattern and the distance from the micropatterns. When corneal cells were confined to the micropatterns of aligned collagen fibrils by a Pluronic coating to passivate the surrounding area, a similar trend in increasing cell alignment was observed (35 ± 10 to 89 ± 2%). However, the projected nuclear area decreased significantly (∼210 to 130 µm2) as the micropattern width decreased from 750 to 50 µm. The development of this method allows for the deposition of aligned collagen fibril micropatterns of different geometries on a transparent and elastic substrate and provides an excellent model system to investigate the role of anisotropic cues in cell behavior.

Thermodynamic Two-Site Surface Reaction Model for Predicting Munition Constituent Reduction Kinetics with Iron (Oxyhydr)oxides.

Iron (oxyhydr)oxides comprise a significant portion of the redox-active fraction of soils and are key reductants for remediation of sites contaminated with munition constituents (MCs). Previous studies of MC reduction kinetics with iron oxides have focused on the concentration of sorbed Fe(II) as a key parameter. To build a reaction kinetic model, it is necessary to predict the concentration of sorbed Fe(II) as a function of system conditions and the redox state. A thermodynamic framework is formulated that includes a generalized double-layer model that utilizes surface acidity and surface complexation reactions to predict sorbed Fe(II) concentrations that are used for fitting MC reduction kinetics. Monodentate- and bidentate Fe(II)-binding sites are used with individual oxide sorption characteristics determined through data fitting. Results with four oxides (goethite, hematite, lepidocrocite, and ferrihydrite) and four nitro compounds (NB, CN-NB, Cl-NB, and NTO) from six separate studies have shown good agreement when comparing observed and predicted surface area-normalized rate constants. While both site types are required to reproduce the experimental redox titration, only the monodentate site concentration controls the MC reaction kinetics. This model represents a significant step toward predicting the timescales of MC degradation in the subsurface.

Efficacy of educational interventions in adolescent population with feeding and eating disorders: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Educational interventions are a key element in the care of young patients with feeding and eating disorders, forming part of the majority of therapeutic approaches. The aim of this review is to evaluate the impact of educational interventions in adolescents with feeding and eating disorders. METHODS: Following the PRISMA recommendations electronic databases were searched up to 29 June 2023. Studies related to educational interventions in young population diagnosed with feeding and eating disorders (anorexia nervosa, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder, bulimia nervosa, pica and ruminative disorders and binge- eating disorder) in Spanish and English language, without temporal limitation, were located in the databases: PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, CUIDEN, DIALNET, and ENFISPO. A search in the databases of grey literature was performed in OpenGrey and Teseo. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020167736). RESULTS: A total of 191 articles were selected from the 9744 citations screened. Ten publications were included. The results indicated variability between educational programs, including individual and group interventions, learning techniques and various research methodologies. Variables such as learning, attitudinal and perceptual changes, anthropometric parameters, symptom improvement, normalization of eating patterns, evaluation of the program and cognitive flexibility were identified. The risk of bias was high due to the low methodological quality of a large number of studies analyzed. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that educational interventions can influence the improvement of knowledge level and have a positive effect on health outcomes. Although education is a common practice in the treatment of these pathologies, high-quality studies were not identified. Thus, this review concludes that additional evidence is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of educational programs, with further research studies, especially randomized controlled trials, to confirm these results. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level I: Systematic review.

Congenital Muscular Dystrophy Due to Merosin Deficiency: Report of a New Mutation.

Congenital muscular dystrophy due to merosin deficiency is one of the most common congenital muscular dystrophies. It is characterized by a LAMA2 gene mutation and causes varied clinical symptoms depending on the type of presentation. In this case report, we identified the importance of the medical history and the autosomal recessive expression, which compromises the sequencing of the LAMA2 gene, with a mutation variant c. 1854_1861dup (p. Leu621Hisfs*7), in homozygosity not described so far. As well as the phenotypic characteristics of the evidenced mutation. A 13-year-old patient presented with a clinical history that began at 18 months of age. According to the mother, the patient had a delay in neurological development and could not walk since he was 7. In addition, contractures were observed in the lower extremity, elbows, and fingers of both hands. The patient also had scoliosis, bilateral hip dysplasia, and sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. However, cognitive function was unaffected. Extension studies revealed elevated creatine kinase levels, electromyography indicated muscle fiber involvement, and brain resonance imaging showed a hyperintense lesion at the periventricular level along with symmetrical supratentorial findings. Immunohistochemical studies of merosin showed incomplete reactivity and gene sequencing revealed evidence of a LAMA2 mutation: c. 1854_1861dup (p. Leu621Hisfs*7), in homozygosity. Congenital muscular dystrophy caused by merosin deficiency is characterized by the absence of laminin alpha-2. The clinical manifestation of this disease is a severe phenotype, mainly due to the early onset of the disease. In patients with mutations in the LAMA2 gene, the absence or partial reduction of laminin alpha-2 staining may allow some degree of ambulation, as it could indicate a partially functional protein. To complement clinical, immunohistochemical, and pathologic findings, ultrasound can be used as a potential tool for monitoring or assisting in the diagnosis of individuals with congenital muscular dystrophy. In this study, we performed sequencing of the LAMA2 gene, which revealed a homozygous c. 1854_1861dup (p. Leu621Hisfs*7) mutation. In addition, we describe the phenotypic features associated with this specific mutation.

Effectiveness of Digital Health on the Quality of Life of Long-Term Breast Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review.

OBJECTIVES: To identify, critically appraise, and synthesize the available evidence on the effectiveness of digital health interventions to improve the quality of life or any of its four dimensions (physical, psychological, social, and spiritual) in women survivors of breast cancer who are in the extended or permanent survival stage. DATA SOURCES: Systematic review-Four databases were searched: PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science. CONCLUSION: The clinical evidence shows a positive relationship or association between eHealth use and improved quality of life in breast cancer survivors at extended or permanent survival stage. However, the findings point to a deficit in the assessment of the social and spiritual domains that play a fundamental role in the quality of life of survivors. IMPLICATION FOR NURSING PRACTICE: The findings found reflect implications of great value for nursing practice because these professionals are the main users of digital health tools to provide them to patients. Using these digital tools contributes to improving evidence-based practice and providing greater efficiency and effectiveness in the care of long-term cancer survivors.

Atención de los profesionales de la salud a personas trans en América Latina y el Caribe / Health professionals care for trans people in Latin America and the Caribbean

Resumen El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo analizar las características de artículos científicos publicados durante el último quindenio respecto a la atención en salud a personas trans en América Latina y el Caribe. Se desarrolló una revisión sistematizada de artículos publicados en cuatro bases de datos, entre los años 2005 y 2020, en la que se encontraron 20 estudios que fueron objeto de análisis. En su mayoría, estos dan cuenta de las percepciones que tienen las comunidades trans y, en menor frecuencia, las experiencias de los profesionales de la salud sobre la atención en salud. Los resultados permiten identificar barreras que influyen en los procesos de atención y los desafíos para mejorarla. Sobresale la formación deficiente e insuficiente en los profesionales sobre identidades trans y los enfoques diferenciales y afirmativos del género, y la necesidad de fortalecer los abordajes integrales entre las comunidades académicas, de la salud y la generación de políticas públicas transformativas.

Abstract Health care is important for the transitions of people with trans life experiences and to strengthen the processes of health and disease. Health professionals are educating and accompanying agents; however, the literature frequently reports that there are barriers perceived by professionals regarding their competencies to accompany such processes, in addition to others related to social representations regarding trans identities, the limited scientific evidence regarding the processes of gender reaffirmation and representing the communities themselves according to their historical and sociocultural characteristics. The aim of this study was to analyze the characteristics of scientific articles published during 15 years regarding health care for trans persons in Latin America and the Caribbean. A systematized review of articles published in four databases between 2005 and 2020 was carried out. 20 studies were analyzed in the research. Most of them report the perceptions of trans communities and, less frequently, the experiences of health professionals on health care. The results allow the identification of barriers that influence the processes of care and the challenges to improve it. The deficient and insufficient training of professionals on trans identities and differential and affirmative gender approaches stand out, as well as the need to strengthen comprehensive approaches among the academic and health communities and the generation of trans affirmative public policies. On the other hand, the results evidence a construction of science with respect to gender that is cisnormative and invisibilizes gender diversities. In addition, many of the studies establish vertical relationships between participants, including researchers, which generates research dynamics in which trans communities are considered more as informants and less as expert peers, community researchers or participants in a collaborative and co-creative research process. These findings support the need and renew the urgency to generate processes of knowledge construction with and for trans communities that allow nurturing educational, social, public policy and health spaces that represent their needs for gender transitions, in case the person considers so, and that welcome in an integral and humanized way the processes of health and disease. Research on health and health care in trans communities both in Colombia and in the rest of Latin America and the Caribbean does not show the implementation of health policies focused on the community and that respond to their health needs. Health professionals, around the world, should accompany from care actions focused on the processes of self-identification and self-determination of gender. Being recognized and made visible based on gender identities and expressions has a positive impact on the mental health of trans people and their well-being. In professional practice, it is important and essential to overcome the barriers of social inequality, promoting a critical social vision and understanding of the reality of this population. It is necessary to expand research from gender diversities and separate from the LGBTIQ+ umbrella given the complex social, cultural, biological, and psychological diversities faced by each community. As for health professionals, it is necessary to deepen the measurement and understanding of attitudes, knowledge, beliefs, skills and gaps identified by all staff, from doctors and nurses to institution managers. This in order to articulate and triangulate information and develop intervention programs aimed at comprehensive and accessible care, especially for their reports about the little information on sexual and gender diversity received during their professional training process and organizational culture. Finally, each country should develop clinical guidelines based on local, national, and international evidence that responds to the psychological and sociocultural needs and experiences of trans communities that include the process of gender transitions from hormone therapy, affirmative surgeries and other non-binary processes of gender expressions, family, psychosocial support, and community accompaniment.

Representaciones sociales de estudiantes de posgrado en psicología respecto a personas trans / Social Representations of Graduate Students in Psychology regarding trans people

Resumen Los derechos humanos de la población trans son vulnerados como consecuencia del heterocispatriarcado y las representaciones sociales generadas, promovidas y reforzadas por este sistema hegemónico. El objetivo de este artículo es describir las representaciones sociales que tienen los estudiantes de un posgrado en psicología de una universidad privada de Cali sobre las personas trans, así como las necesidades y retos que perciben en su quehacer profesional con esta población. Este es un estudio cualitativo, fenomenológico-interpretativo, en el que participaron voluntariamente 45 estudiantes de la asignatura de Salud Sexual y Salud Reproductiva. Los datos se recogieron por redes semánticas naturales y grupos de discusión y fueron procesados desde la teoría de análisis temático. La investigación se ajusta a principios de beneficencia, no maleficencia y autonomía. De igual forma, se fundamenta en conocimiento acumulado bajo estricto rigor metodológico. Se clasificó como una investigación con riesgo mínimo. Las representaciones sociales de algunos participantes sobre las personas trans están asociadas a aspectos estigmatizantes y excluyentes, que pueden transformarse positivamente en la interacción con la comunidad en cuestión. Se concluye que las representaciones sociales tienen un rol fundamental en la calidad de la atención en salud. Es importante capacitar a los estudiantes de la salud y las ciencias sociales en temas de sexualidad, interacciones humanas, autocuidado, respeto por el otro y por sí mismo, además de habilidades para la toma de decisiones, comunicación asertiva, pensamiento crítico y resolución de conflictos desde un enfoque transafirmativo, de género y de derechos.

Abstract The human rights of the trans population are violated because of heterocispatriarchy and the social representations generated, promoted, and reinforced by this hegemonic system. The objective of this article is to describe the social representations that students of a graduate program in psychology at a private university in Cali have about trans persons, as well as the needs and challenges they perceive in their professional work with this population. This is a qualitative, phenomenological-interpretative study, in which 45 students of the Sexual Health and Reproductive Health course voluntarily participated. The data were collected by natural semantic networks and discussion groups and were processed from the thematic analysis theory. The research conforms to the principles of beneficence, non-maleficence, and autonomy. Likewise, it is based on accumulated knowledge under strict methodological rigor. It was classified as research with minimal risk. The social representations of some participants about trans persons are associated with stigmatizing and excluding aspects, which can be positively transformed in the interaction with the community in question. It is concluded that social representations play a fundamental role in the quality of health care. It is important to train health and social science students in sexuality, human interactions, self-care, respect for others and for oneself, as well as decision-making skills, assertive communication, critical thinking, and conflict resolution from a transaffirmative, gender and rights-based approach.

Use of Telehealth Among Cancer Survivors: A Scoping Review.

Background: Long-term cancer survivors have specific needs that are frequently neglected. Telehealth, as a new form of health care, can benefit this growing population. Objective: To identify, analyze, and synthesize the existing evidence on the use of telehealth in the care of cancer survivors after the end of treatment. Methods: A scoping review was conducted in the databases PubMed, CINAHL, COCHRANE, SCIELO, DIALNET, and LILACS and reference institutions in cancer. Results: The initial search yielded 406 publications with 59 articles meeting the eligibility criteria. There are different types of telehealth (video calls, phone calls, websites, mobile applications, and short message services) used for the care of cancer survivors. Most telehealth interventions focus on improving the physical and mental spheres of quality of life in the extended survival phase (from 1 to 3 years postdiagnosis), with only two articles (3%) on long-term cancer survivors (>5 years postdiagnosis). Survivors are satisfied with telehealth interventions, noting the importance of improving comprehensibility, personalization of the platforms, and the lack of excessive information included. Conclusions: Telehealth is a feasible modality for cancer survival care. The scarcity of interventions aimed at long-term survivors stands out, as does the general neglect of the social and spiritual spheres of quality of life. Implications for Practice: Telehealth platforms must adapt their content, format, and items to the preferences reported by the survivors.

Emotional States, Adherence and Prevention Behaviors in Trans Women during the COVID-19 Lockdown / Estados Emocionais e Comportamentos de Aderência e Prevenção em Mulheres Trans Durante o Confinamento por COVID-19 / Estados Emocionales y Conductas de Adherencia y Prevención en Mujeres Trans Durante el Confinamiento por COVID-19

Abstract The pandemic generated multiple biopsychosocial challenges that significantly impacted the health of trans women. The aim of this study is to characterize emotional states and resilience in trans women in Colombia and their relationship to COVID-19 adherence behaviors and prevention behaviors during lockdown. The study employed a cross-sectional descriptive correlational design, with an anonymous online questionnaire that was given to 100 trans women in five cities in Colombia. During the pandemic, more than half of trans women experienced negative emotional states such as depression, anxiety and somatization, and some positive ones such as resilience and personal growth. The latter two contribute to reinforcing adherence and prevention behaviors. This study demonstrates a clear need to give priority and recognition to trans women and their health needs, in order to protect their rights, their well-being, and their health.

Resumo A pandemia gerou múltiplos desafios biopsicossociais que impactaram significativamente a saúde das mulheres trans. O objetivo deste estudo é caracterizar estados emocionais e resiliência em mulheres trans da Colômbia e sua relação com os comportamentos de aderência à COVID-19 e os comportamentos de prevenção durante o confinamento. Foi realizado um desenho descritivo, transversal e correlacional, foi administrado um questionário online anônimo a 100 mulheres trans em cinco cidades da Colômbia. Durante a pandemia, mais da metade das mulheres trans experimentaram estados emocionais negativos como depressão, ansiedade e somatização, e alguns positivos como a resiliência e o crescimento pessoal. Estes dois últimos contribuem para reforçar os comportamentos de adesão e de prevenção. Em situações como a pandemia, é prioritário dar reconhecimento às mulheres trans e às suas necessidades de saúde, a fim de proteger os seus direitos e a sua saúde integral.

Resumen La pandemia generó múltiples desafíos biopsicosociales que impactaron significativamente en la salud de las mujeres trans. El objetivo del presente estudio fue caracterizar los estados emocionales y resiliencia en mujeres trans de Colombia y su relación con las conductas de adherencia y prevención a la COVID-19 durante el confinamiento. Se realizó un diseño trasversal correlacional descriptivo, administrando un cuestionario online anónimo a 100 mujeres trans en cinco ciudades de Colombia. Se encontró que más de la mitad de las mujeres trans han experimentado estados emocionales negativos como depresión, ansiedad y somatización y algunos positivos como resiliencia y crecimiento personal. Los dos últimos contribuyen a fortalecer las conductas de adherencia y prevención de la COVID-19. Es prioritario dar reconocimiento a las mujeres trans y a sus necesidades de salud, desde diversos frentes de acción con el fin de proteger sus derechos y su salud integral.

Bienestar en mujeres trans: aproximaciones desde las trayectorias ocupacionales de profesionales de la salud / Well-being in trans women: approaches from the occupational trajectories of health professionals

Resumen El bienestar de las mujeres trans se ha visto afectado por el estigma, la discriminación, las altas brechas en salud, la falta de oportunidades laborales y educativas, además de la ausencia de apoyo social. Los profesionales de la salud juegan un papel importante dentro del bienestar y la salud de las mujeres trans, por tanto, en este estudio se planteó como objetivo reconocer el significado que tienen los profesionales de la salud sobre el bienestar en mujeres trans. Esta es una investigación cualitativa, diseño narrativo, en la cual participaron ocho profesionales de la salud (medicina, psicología y auxiliar de enfermería) con experiencia en atención a la comunidad, con quienes se realizó una entrevista en profundidad. Estos profesionales reconocen que el bienestar de las mujeres trans se ve afectado por múltiples factores socioculturales, económicos, relacionados con la salud mental, la discriminación a las que siguen expuestas, la transfobia internalizada y el poco apoyo familiar y social. Se requieren acciones concretas desde las entidades de salud, de educación superior y gubernamentales, que favorezcan procesos afirmativos de las mujeres trans, y la promoción en los procesos de atención en salud de la sensibilidad y compromiso con el desarrollo humano de estas mujeres a partir de la protección de sus derechos.

Abstract The well-being of trans women has been affected by stigma and discrimination, and great gaps in health, employment and educational opportunities and the absence of social support. The role of health professionals plays an important role in the well-being and health of trans women, therefore, the objective is to recognize the meaning that health professionals have on the well-being of trans women. Method: Qualitative research, narrative design. Eight health professionals (medicine, psychology, and nursing assistant) with experience in community care participated in an in-depth interview. In conclusion, the health professionals recognize that the well-being of trans women is affected by multiple sociocultural and economic factors related to mental health, discrimination to which they are still exposed, internalized transphobia, and the lack of family and social support. Concrete actions are required from health, higher education, and governmental entities capable of favoring affirmative processes for trans women and promoting in healthcare processes the sensitivity and commitment to their human development based on the protection of their rights.

Web-Based Personalized Intervention to Improve Quality of Life and Self-Efficacy of Long-Term Breast Cancer Survivors: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Long-term breast cancer survivors (>5 years free of disease) may suffer late sequelae of cancer that impact on their quality of life. The use of telehealth for cancer care is recommended but little is known about the effectiveness of digital interventions for long-term cancer survivors. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a web-based personalized intervention based on artificial intelligence instead of usual primary health care to improve the quality of life of long-term survivors of breast cancer and self-efficacy for the management of late sequelae. A randomized controlled trial will be conducted. The sample will consist of long-term breast cancer survivors recruited from primary health centers. Women will be randomly assigned to the intervention group to receive a web-based personalized intervention or to the control group to receive standard primary health care by nurses. Data on quality of life of cancer survivors and self-efficacy for the management of late sequelae of cancer will be collected and assessed at preintervention, and at 3, 6, and 9 months. It is expected that, at the end of the programme, the experimental group will have improved quality of life and improved self-efficacy for the management of late sequelae of cancer.

Atypical Lesions in Canine Leishmaniosis: Description of New Cases.

Pathological characteristics are well described in canine leishmaniosis (CanL). However, atypical lesions that can be confused with other pathologies or trigger unusual clinical signs are sporadically reported. Atypical lesions were observed during routine postmortem examination in three Leishmania-infected dogs and samples were taken for histopathological and immunohistochemical studies. Clinical signs, biochemical parameters, level of antibodies, and parasite detection by PCR were also evaluated. Atypical lesions were found in the peritoneal cavity, liver, and spleen. Splenomegalia and hepatomegalia were observed in all dogs. In addition, multifocal dark to white nodules of variable size were observed in the peritoneal cavity, liver, and spleen of one dog and in the spleen of the other two dogs. One dog presented diffuse irregular whitish lines with a threadlike appearance and another an intense fibrotic depression in the intermediate lobe. Microscopically, an intense granulomatous inflammation with abundant macrophages, a variable number of lymphocytes, and a low to moderate number of parasites was observed. This study represents the first description of granulomatous peritonitis associated with Leishmania in dogs. It also shows atypical macroscopic expression of hepatitis in CanL. In the absence of an adequate clinical history and laboratory analyses, certain lesions observed in CanL could admit alternative diagnoses.

Impact of polyphenols on stress and anxiety: a systematic review of molecular mechanisms and clinical evidence.

Mental health is a global public concern that contributes raising disability and premature death. Anxiety undertakes around 3.6% of the global population, while psychological stress is a condition associated to anxiety with a prevalence of 36.5%. Treatment for both mental conditions consist mainly of psychological therapy and pharmacotherapy, but the long-term drugs use can trigger adverse effects. Growing evidence shows the effect of specific food compounds on stress and anxiety treatment. The aim of this systematic review is to describe the molecular mechanisms related to dietary polyphenols administration from food matrix (considering food, juices or herbal/food extracts) and their effects on stress and/or anxiety, as well as review the available clinical evidence. Search was based on PRISMA Guidelines using peer-reviewed journal articles sourced from PubMed and Web of Science. A total of 38 articles were considered as eligible. The major effects for anxiety management were: reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation; HPA axis modulation; and regulation of some serotonergic/adrenergic pathways. There is a very limited evidence to conclude about the real effect of dietary polyphenols on stress. Although pharmacological treatment for mood disorders is essential, alternative therapies are necessary using non-pharmacological compounds to improve the long-term treatment effectiveness.

Validação das atividades de enfermagem em centro de material esterilizado / Validation of nursing activities in a material and sterilization center / Validación de actividades de enfermería en un centro de material esterilizado

Objetivo: Validar as atividades de enfermagem do diagnóstico "Risco para contaminação de produtos para saúde (PPS)". Método: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo, metodológico, de validação, utilizando-se o modelo adaptado de Fehring. Participaram 128 enfermeiros especialistas na área de centro cirúrgico e centro de material e esterilização, segundo critérios predefinidos. Utilizou-se instrumento composto de questões fechadas em que se atribuiu um valor conforme escala Likert para cada atividade. Neste estudo, consideraram-se validadas as atividades que apresentaram índice de validade de conteúdo de 0,95. Estudo aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: Validaram-se 20 atividades de enfermagem para 12 fatores de risco e cinco intervenções. O fator de risco que não obteve representatividade em suas atividades foi "Esterilização de cargas sem o uso do pacote teste desafio". Conclusão: Conclui-se que a disposição das atividades de enfermagem relacionadas aos fatores de risco está adequada, uma vez que foram validadas com índice de validade de conteúdo de 0,95. O conhecimento produzido auxilia na implementação de atividades validadas, promo-vendo um cuidado de forma indireta de qualidade, baseando-se nos princípios da segurança do paciente

Objective: To validate the nursing activities of the diagnosis "Risk of contamination of health products". Method: This is an exploratory, descriptive, methodological, validation study, using the model adapted from Fehring. According to predefined criteria, 128 nurses specialized in the sur-gical center and material and sterilization center participated. An instrument composed of closed questions was used, in which a value according to the Likert scale was assigned to each activity. In this study, activities that presented a content validity index of 0.95 were considered validated. This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Results: Twenty nursing activities were validated for 12 risk factors and 5 interventions. The risk factor that was not representative in its activities was "Sterilization of loads without the use of the process challenge device". Conclusion: The nursing activi-ties related to the risk factors have been found adequate, since they were validated with a content validity index of 0.95. The knowledge produced helps in the implementation of validated activities, promoting quality care indirectly, based on the principles of patient safety.

Objetivo: Validar las actividades de enfermería del diagnóstico "Riesgo por contaminación de productos sanitarios". Método: Se trata de un estudio exploratorio, descriptivo, metodológico, de validación, utilizando el modelo adaptado de Fehring. Participaron 128 enfermeras especialistas del centro quirúrgico y del centro de material y esterilización, según criterios predefinidos. Se utilizó un instrumento compuesto por preguntas cerradas, donde a cada actividad se le asignó un valor según la escala de Likert. En este estudio, se consideraron validadas las actividades que presentaron un índice de validez de contenido de 0,95. Estudio aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación. Resultados: 20 actividades de enfermería fueron validadas para 12 factores de riesgo y cinco intervenciones. El factor de riesgo que no fue representativo en sus actividades fue "Esterilización de cargas sin utilizar el paquete de prueba de desafío". Conclusión: Se concluye que la provisión de actividades de enfermería relacionadas con los factores de riesgo es ade-cuada, una vez que fueron validadas con un índice de validez de contenido de 0,95. El conocimiento producido ayuda en la implementación de activida-des validadas, promoviendo indirectamente una atención de calidad, basada en los principios de seguridad del paciente.

Continuity of Care Challenges for Professional Nursing Practice / Desafíos en la continuidad de cuidados para la práctica profesional de enfermería / Desafios na continuidade de cuidados para a prática profissional de enfermagem

The transformation of health systems to meet the needs of chronic and multi-pathological patients has turned continuity of care into one of the mainstays of care programs and the design of new resources to care for these patients and their families. In this context, nurses' professional practice poses challenges for the three dimensions of continuity of care: relational, informational, and managerial. Faced with these challenges, nursing research is essential for the profession and necessary to promote innovative quality care.

La transformación de los sistemas sanitarios para dar respuesta a las necesidades del paciente crónico y pluripatológico ha situado la continuidad de cuidados como uno de los pilares en los que se basan los programas de atención y el diseño de nuevos recursos para atender a estos pacientes y a sus familias. En este contexto, la práctica profesional de las enfermeras presenta retos y desafíos en las tres dimensiones de la continuidad de cuidados: relacional, informativa y de gestión. Ante estos desafíos, la investigación en enfermería es fundamental para la profesión y necesaria para promover unos cuidados innovadores y de calidad.

A transformação dos sistemas sanitários para atender às necessidades do paciente crônico e pluripatológico situa a continuidade de cuidados como um dos pilares nos quais os programas de atenção e a criação de recursos para assistir esses pacientes e suas famílias estão baseados. Nesse contexto, a prática profissional dos enfermeiros apresenta desafios e obstáculos nas três dimensões da continuidade de cuidados: relacional, informativa e de gestão. Diante desses desafios, a pesquisa em enfermagem é fundamental para a profissão e necessária para promover cuidados inovadores e de qualidade.

Adherencia a las conductas preventivas de la COVID-19 en mujeres trans colombianas

Introducción/Objetivo: Establecer el nivel de adherencia de un grupo de mujeres trans colombianas a las medidas de prevención ante el SARS-CoV-2. Método: Diseño transversal correlacional descriptivo de una sola etapa. Se administró un cuestionario en línea anónimo a 100 mujeres trans de Colombia. Los resultados fueron obtenidos utilizando métodos estadísticos tanto frecuentistas como bayesianos (a priori- a posteriori). Resultados: Cerca de las tres cuartas partes de las mujeres participantes reportaron un alto nivel de adherencia a las conductas preventivas. Los factores asociados fueron sentirse capaz de implementar las acciones de prevención y creer en la eficacia de ellas, para evitar contagiar a otros, los conflictos con otras personas y problemas legales. Conclusiones: La autoeficacia y los comportamientos gobernados por reglas están relacionados con la adherencia a las medidas de prevención. Abordar la adherencia en tiempos de COVID-19 implica incorporar de manera integral la magnitud de las inequidades e injusticias sociales y las respuestas en salud ante una situación que afecta a la humanidad de manera diversa y diferenciada.

Introduction/Objective: To establish the level of adherence of a group of Colombian trans women to SARS-CoV-2 prevention measures. Method: Single-stage descriptive correlational cross-sectional design. An anonymous online questionnaire was administered to 100 Colombian trans women. The results were obtained using both frequentist and bayesian (a priori-a posteriori) statistical methods. Results: About three-quarters of the participating women reported a high level of adherence to preventive behaviors. Associated factors were feeling able to implement the preventive actions and believing in their effectiveness, to avoid infecting others, conflicts with others, and avoiding legal problems. Conclusions: Self-efficacy and rule-governed behaviors are related to adherence to prevention measures. Addressing adherence in times of COVID-19 implies comprehensively incorporating the magnitude of social inequities and injustices and the health responses to a situation that affects humanity in a diverse and differentiated manner.

Evento adverso y seguridad del paciente en fisioterapia / Adverse event and patient safety in physiotherapy

Introducción: El evento adverso en salud ha generado múltiples estrategias de prevención. En el campo de rehabilitación, específicamente en fisioterapia, su reporte, análisis y efectos se han descrito en múltiples artículos. Objetivo: determinar los efectos de los eventos adversos reportados en consulta de fisioterapia, sus factores de aparición, causas y determinantes aportados en salud para generar mejores estrategias desde su enfoque en prevención y seguridad del paciente. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de información de artículos científicos en seis bases de datos: Pubmed, Scopus, Proquest, pedro, Science Direct y Scholar, con las palabras clave efecto adverso manejo del riesgo y fisioterapia seleccionándose finalmente 44 de 1 145 artículos iniciales para la realización de este estudio. Desarrollo: Se clasificaron los artículos en tres categorías: factores intrínsecos (14 artículos, 34,1 por ciento), factores extrínsecos (24 artículos, 58,6 por ciento) y sistemas de salud (3 artículos, 7,3 por ciento), en los que se encontraron reportes de eventos adversos de fisioterapia en unidad de cuidado intensivo, terapia manual y tele rehabilitación. Conclusiones: Desde la perspectiva de la fisioterapia se debe tener más participación en estrategias propias y multidisciplinarias que promuevan la seguridad de los pacientes atendidos en rehabilitación, además de continuar con la presentación de estudios que exploren otros campos de acción de la fisioterapia y la incidencia de eventos adversos en estos(AU)

Introduction: The occurrence of adverse events in health care has prompted the development of many prevention strategies. In the field of rehabilitation, particularly in physiotherapy, their report, analysis and effects have been described in a large number of articles. Objective: Determine the effects of the adverse events occurring in physiotherapy sessions, their order of appearance, causes and health determinants contributed to develop better prevention and patient safety strategies. Methods: A systematic search for scientific articles was conducted in six databases: PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Pedro, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar, using the key terms adverse effect, risk management and physiotherapy. A total 1 145 articles were retrieved, from which 44 were selected for the study. Conclusions: More active participation should be achieved in physiotherapy-specific and multidisciplinary strategies fostering the safety of patients attending rehabilitation services, as well as in the continuing conduct of studies exploring other areas of physiotherapy and the incidence of adverse events therein(AU)

Pediatric Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Obesity has led fatty liver disease to become the most common chronic liver disease in children worldwide. Pediatric professional organizations have agreed that screening for fatty liver disease in children is the need of the hour. Once identified, prevention is key through appropriate dietary and activity prescriptions. Research continues to identify key pathways and genetic risk factors that predispose certain children to the more severe manifestations of this silent epidemic. We hope these novel observations lead to breakthrough treatments for these children that are severely impacted, such that they may no longer need liver transplantation as young adults.