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1.
CJC Open ; 5(7): 530-536, 2023 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37496787

RESUMO

Background: Adherence to guidelines is associated with better patient outcomes. Although studies show suboptimal adherence to cardiovascular prevention guidelines among general practitioners, adherence among specialist physicians is understudied. The aim of this analysis was to identify practice gaps among cardiologists in a tertiary academic centre. Methods: We retrospectively audited cardiology outpatient clinic notes taken at the Cardiology Clinic at the Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), from the period January 1, 2019 to February 28, 2019. Data were abstracted from hospital medical records. The primary outcome of interest was the rate of adherence to cardiovascular prevention guidelines. We compared the chart-documented practice at our centre to the Canadian hypertension, lipid, diabetes, antiplatelet, and heart failure guidelines in effect at the time of the audit. We also collected information regarding discussions of smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and diet. Results: A total of 2503 patients were included, with a mean age of 65.6 ± 14.5 years. Dyslipidemia occurred in 63% of patients, hypertension in 55%, and coronary artery disease in 41%. Optimal low-density lipoprotein control was documented as having been achieved in just 39% of cases. Blood pressure control was adequate for 65% of patients, and glycemic control was achieved in 47% of patients with diabetes. Heart failure treatment was optimal in 34% of patients. Nearly all patients with coronary artery disease (95%) had appropriate antithrombotic therapy. The incidence of discussion of nonpharmacologic interventions varied, ranging from 91% (smoking) to 16% (diet). Conclusions: Primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events was found to be suboptimal in an academic tertiary-care outpatient cardiology clinic and may be representative of similar shortcomings nationwide. Strategies to ensure guideline adherence are needed.


Contexte: Le respect des lignes directrices est associé à de meilleurs résultats pour les patients. Bien que les études montrent que les omnipraticiens adhèrent de façon sous-optimale aux lignes directrices en matière de prévention des événements cardiovasculaires, l'observance chez les médecins spécialistes n'a pas été assez étudiée. Notre analyse a pour objectif de déceler les lacunes dans la pratique des cardiologues exerçant dans des centres universitaires de soins tertiaires. Méthodologie: Nous avons examiné de manière rétrospective les notes cliniques consignées au dossier des patients du Centre cardiovasculaire du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) et résumé les données issues des consultations ayant eu lieu du 1er janvier au 28 février 2019. Le principal résultat d'intérêt était le taux d'adhésion aux lignes directrices en matière de prévention des événements cardiovasculaires. Nous avons comparé les pratiques enregistrées dans les dossiers de notre centre aux lignes directrices canadiennes sur la prise en charge de l'hypertension, de la lipidémie, du diabète, du traitement antiplaquettaire et de l'insuffisance cardiaque en place au moment de l'évaluation. Nous avons aussi recueilli de l'information sur les discussions entourant le tabagisme, la consommation d'alcool, l'activité physique et l'alimentation. Résultats: Les données de 2 503 patients, âgés en moyenne de 65,6 ± 14,5 ans, ont été retenues. De ces patients, 63 % présentaient une dyslipidémie, 55 %, une hypertension et 41 %, une maladie coronarienne. Le taux de lipoprotéines de basse densité n'était maîtrisé de façon optimale que dans 39 % des cas. La normalisation de la pression artérielle était adéquate chez 65 % des patients, et 47 % des patients diabétiques atteignaient les cibles glycémiques. L'insuffisance cardiaque était optimalement traitée chez 34 % des patients. Presque tous les patients atteints de maladie coronarienne (95 %) recevaient un traitement antithrombotique approprié. La fréquence des discussions sur les interventions non pharmacologiques variait, allant de 91 % dans le cas du tabagisme à 16 % dans celui de l'alimentation. Conclusions: La prévention primaire et secondaire des événements cardiovasculaires s'est révélée sous-optimale dans une clinique externe de cardiologie d'un hôpital universitaire et pourrait être représentative de lacunes similaires dans l'ensemble du pays. Des stratégies visant à assurer le respect des lignes directrices sont nécessaires.

2.
Saudi Med J ; 42(11): 1201-1208, 2021 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34732552

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the clinical profiles and outcomes of young adults presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, registry between January 2016 and November 2017 for all patients younger than 45 years old who were admitted with STEMI. We compared this study population to a control group of patients aged 45 years and older who were enrolled in the same period. RESULTS: In total, 402 patients were enrolled; 197 were younger than 45 years. The incidence of newly diagnosed dyslipidemia was higher in younger patients (44% vs. 32%, p=0.01). Smoking was significantly more prevalent in the younger group (52% vs. 35%, p=0.001). The prevalence of pulmonary edema and cardiogenic shock on presentation was significantly higher in the older group (3% vs. 10; odds ratio, 4.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.750-10.94; p=0.002). Hospital stay was also longer in the older group (4±2 vs. 5±2 days, p=0.03). CONCLUSION: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in young patients has a favorable outcome. Smoking and dyslipidemia are the main risk factors for STEMI in young individuals. The majority of young patients with dyslipidemia were not aware of their pre-existing condition. Our findings recommend local adaptation and implementation of screening programs for dyslipidemia in the young and the reinforcement of smoking prevention programs.


Assuntos
Intervenção Coronária Percutânea , Infarto do Miocárdio com Supradesnível do Segmento ST , Arritmias Cardíacas , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sistema de Registros , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Infarto do Miocárdio com Supradesnível do Segmento ST/epidemiologia , Arábia Saudita/epidemiologia , Centros de Atenção Terciária , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto Jovem
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