Main factors affecting the loss of multi organ potential donors for transplantation.

ANTECEDENTS: In the field of organ donation and procurement, a possible donor is a patient with severe neurological damage and appropriate medical criteria for donation, and a potential donor is a patient suspected of being brain dead. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to identify specific factors that cause the loss of possible multiorgan donors in an intensive care unit (ICU). METHODS: A review of cross-sectional charts of possible liver and kidney donors was done with patients admitted to the ICU with full respiratory support and Glasgow score < 8. A multiple logistical regression model was applied to identify the loss of potential donors previously considered only as possible donors. RESULTS: A total of 44 charts were reviewed, 26 were possible, and 18 were potential donors. The mean average was 46.7 and 52.8 years for possible and potential donors, respectively (p = 0.272). The potential donors experienced frequent intracranial hemorrhage (19.2 vs. 55.6) or renal injury (3.9 vs. 27.8), and fewer invasive procedures are performed (34.6 vs. 5.6) (p <0.05). Invasive procedure resulted significant (p = 0.013) when a multivariate analysis was done. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Patients submitted to invasive procedures have 20 times more probabilities of being lost as kidney donors even when originally considered as possible donors. Medical or surgery procedures are the leading cause for the loss of potential donors, so an opportune detection is essential.

ANTECEDENTES: En el campo de la donación y la procuración renal, un posible donador es un paciente con daño neurológico grave y que cubre los criterios médicos para la donación; un potencial donador es el paciente que, además, cuenta con la sospecha de tener muerte cerebral. OBJETIVO: Identificar los factores específicos que causan la pérdida de posibles donadores multiorgánicos en una unidad de terapia intensiva. METODOLOGÍA: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo transversal de los expedientes de los posibles donadores de riñón e hígado admitidos a la unidad de terapia intensiva con soporte respiratorio total y escala de Glasgow < 8. Se aplicó un modelo de regresión logística para identificar los casos perdidos de potenciales donadores previamente considerados solo como posibles donadores. RESULTADOS: Se revisaron 44 casos, 26 de posibles y 18 de potenciales donadores. La edad promedio fue de 46.7 y 52.8 años para los posibles y potenciales donadores, respectivamente (p = 0.272). Los potenciales donadores experimentaron con más frecuencia hemorragia intracraneal (19.2 vs. 55.6) o lesión renal (3.9 vs. 27.8), y fueron sometidos a menos procedimientos médicos (34.6 vs. 5.6) (p < 0.05). En el análisis multivariado, la realización de algún procedimiento invasivo fue significativa entre los dos grupos (p = 0.013). DISCUSIÓN Y CONCLUSIONES: Los pacientes sometidos a un procedimiento invasivo tienen 20 veces más probabilidades de perderse como donadores renales aun siendo considerados de manera original como posibles donadores. Los procedimientos médicos o quirúrgicos son la principal causa de pérdida de potenciales donadores, por lo que es esencial una detección precoz y oportuna de los mismos.

De novo development of heart valve calcification in incident peritoneal dialysis patients.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Cardiac valve calcification (VC) is a frequent complication in chronic kidney disease and is considered a risk factor for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. However, little is known about the pathophysiology mechanisms that originate it and the factors associated with its development. We undertook this study to analyze the frequency and factors related to de novo development of mitral valve calcification (MVC) and aortic valve calcifications (AVC) in incident peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. METHODS: A prospective cohort of 124 incident PD patients was studied. Demographic and clinical data were recorded and blood assayed at baseline and after 1 year of follow-up for calcium, phosphorus, glucose, urea, creatinine, cholesterol, triglycerides by spectrophotometry assay; high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) by immunoturbidimetric ultrasensitive assay, intact parathormone (iPTH) and osteocalcin by electrochemiluminescence, fetuin-A and osteoprotegerin by EDI-ELISA. Valve calcification was evaluated by M-mode bidimensional echocardiogram. RESULTS: Sixty eight percent of patients were male, ages 43 ± 13 years; 51% were diabetic with 1.4 ± 1 months on PD. After 12.3 ± 1 months, 57 patients (46%) developed VC: AVC in 33 (57.8%), MVC in 15 (26.3%) and 9 (15.8%) patients in both valves. There was no correlation between AVC and MCV. In univariate logistic regression analysis, age, diabetes and elevated concentrations of OPG, iPTH and CRP were risk factors for development MVC. In multivariate analysis, only iPTH remained an independent risk factor as was also the case in AVC. CONCLUSIONS: Age, diabetes, osteoprotegerin, parathormone and C-reactive protein are risk factors related to de novo development of MVC and iPTH for AVC in incident dialysis patients.