RESUMO
Mitochondrial division inhibitor 1 (Mdivi-1) is a well-known synthetic compound aimed at inhibiting dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) to suppress mitochondrial fission, making it a valuable tool for studying mitochondrial dynamics. However, its specific effects beyond Drp1 inhibition remain to be confirmed. In this study, we employed integrative proteomics and phosphoproteomics to delve into the molecular responses induced by Mdivi-1 in SK-N-BE(2)C cells. A total of 3070 proteins and 1945 phosphorylation sites were identified, with 880 of them represented as phosphoproteins. Among these, 266 proteins and 97 phosphorylation sites were found to be sensitive to the Mdivi-1 treatment. Functional enrichment analysis unveiled their involvement in serine biosynthesis and extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathways. Through targeted metabolomics, we observed that Mdivi-1 enhanced intracellular serine biosynthesis while reducing the production of C24:1-ceramide. Within these regulated phosphoproteins, dynamic dephosphorylation of proteasome subunit alpha type 3 serine 250 (PSMA3-S250) occurred after Mdivi-1 treatment. Further site-directed mutagenesis experiments revealed that the dephosphorylation-deficient mutant PSMA3-S250A exhibited a decreased cell survival. This research confirms that Mdivi-1's inhibition of mitochondrial division leads to various side effects, ultimately influencing cell survival, rather than solely targeting Drp1 inhibition.
Assuntos
Multiômica , Neuroblastoma , Humanos , Apoptose , Fosfoproteínas , Serina , Neuroblastoma/tratamento farmacológico , Neuroblastoma/genéticaRESUMO
Neuroblastoma, a childhood cancer affecting the sympathetic nervous system, continues to challenge the development of potent treatments due to the limited availability of druggable targets for this aggressive illness. Recent investigations have uncovered that phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), an essential enzyme for de novo serine synthesis, serves as a non-oncogene dependency in high-risk neuroblastoma. In this study, we show that homoharringtonine (HHT) acts as a PHGDH inhibitor, inducing intricate alterations in cellular metabolism, and thus providing an efficient treatment for neuroblastoma. We have experimentally verified the reliance of neuroblastoma on PHGDH and employed molecular docking, thermodynamic evaluations, and X-ray crystallography techniques to determine the bond interactions between HHT and PHGDH. Administering HHT to treat neuroblastoma resulted in effective cell elimination in vitro and tumor reduction in vivo. Metabolite and functional assessments additionally disclosed that HHT treatment suppressed de novo serine synthesis, initiating intricate metabolic reconfiguration and oxidative stress in neuroblastoma. Collectively, these discoveries highlight the potential of targeting PHGDH using HHT as a potent approach for managing high-risk neuroblastoma.
Assuntos
Neuroblastoma , Fosfoglicerato Desidrogenase , Humanos , Criança , Mepesuccinato de Omacetaxina , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Inibidores Enzimáticos , Neuroblastoma/tratamento farmacológico , SerinaRESUMO
DNA replication is initiated with the recognition of the starting point of multiple replication forks by the origin recognition complex and activation of the minichromosome maintenance complex 10 (MCM10). Subsequently, DNA helicase, consisting of the MCM protein subunits MCM2-7, unwinds double-stranded DNA and DNA synthesis begins. In previous studies, replication factors have been used as clinical targets in cancer therapy. The results showed that MCM2 could be a proliferation marker for numerous types of malignant cancer. We analyzed samples obtained from patients with neuroblastoma, revealing that higher levels of MCM2 and MCM10 mRNA were associated with poor survival rate. Furthermore, we combined the results of the perturbation-induced reversal effects on the expression levels of MCM2 and MCM10 and the sensitivity correlation between perturbations and MCM2 and MCM10 from the Cancer Therapeutics Response Portal database. Small molecule BI-2536, a polo-like kinase 1 (PLK-1) inhibitor, is a candidate for the inhibition of MCM2 and MCM10 expression. To test this hypothesis, we treated neuroblastoma cells with BI-2536. The results showed that the drug decreased cell viability and reduced the expression levels of MCM2 and MCM10. Functional analysis further revealed enrichments of gene sets involved in mitochondria, cell cycle, and DNA replication for BI-2536-perturbed transcriptome. We used cellular assays to demonstrate that BI-2536 promoted mitochondria fusion, G2/M arrest, and apoptosis. In summary, our findings provide a new strategy for neuroblastoma therapy with BI-2536.
RESUMO
Neuroblastoma is a neural crest-derived embryonal tumor and accounts for about 15% of all cancer deaths in children. MYCN amplification is associated with aggressive and advanced stage of high-risk neuroblastoma, which remains difficult to treat and exhibits poor survival under current multimodality treatment. Here, we analyzed the transcriptomic profiles of neuroblastoma patients and showed that aurora kinases lead to poor survival and had positive correlation with MYCN amplification and high-risk disease. Further, pan-aurora kinase inhibitor (tozasertib) treatment not only induces cell-cycle arrest and suppresses cell proliferation, migration, and invasion ability in MYCN-amplified (MNA) neuroblastoma cell lines, but also inhibits tumor growth and prolongs animal survival in Th-MYCN transgenic mice. Moreover, we performed quantitative proteomics and identified 150 differentially expressed proteins after tozasertib treatment in the Th-MYCN mouse model. The functional and network-based enrichment revealed that tozasertib alters metabolic processes and identified a mitochondrial flavoenzyme in fatty acid ß-oxidation, ACADM, which is correlated with aurora kinases and neuroblastoma patient survival. Our findings indicate that the aurora kinase inhibitor could cause metabolic imbalance, possibly by disturbing carbohydrate and fatty acid metabolic pathways, and ACADM may be a potential target in MNA neuroblastoma.
Assuntos
Acil-CoA Desidrogenase/metabolismo , Redes e Vias Metabólicas/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteína Proto-Oncogênica N-Myc/metabolismo , Neuroblastoma/metabolismo , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacologia , Proteômica/métodos , Acil-CoA Desidrogenase/genética , Animais , Aurora Quinases/antagonistas & inibidores , Aurora Quinases/genética , Aurora Quinases/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Proliferação de Células/genética , Progressão da Doença , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica/métodos , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Redes e Vias Metabólicas/genética , Camundongos da Linhagem 129 , Camundongos Transgênicos , Proteína Proto-Oncogênica N-Myc/genética , Neuroblastoma/tratamento farmacológico , Neuroblastoma/genética , Piperazinas/farmacologia , Análise de SobrevidaRESUMO
Cancer is a complex disease that relies on both oncogenic mutations and non-mutated genes for survival, and therefore coined as oncogene and non-oncogene addictions. The need for more effective combination therapies to overcome drug resistance in oncology has been increasingly recognized, but the identification of potentially synergistic drugs at scale remains challenging. Here we propose a gene-expression-based approach, which uses the recurrent perturbation-transcript regulatory relationships inferred from a large compendium of chemical and genetic perturbation experiments across multiple cell lines, to engender a testable hypothesis for combination therapies. These transcript-level recurrences were distinct from known compound-protein target counterparts, were reproducible in external datasets, and correlated with small-molecule sensitivity. We applied these recurrent relationships to predict synergistic drug pairs for cancer and experimentally confirmed two unexpected drug combinations in vitro. Our results corroborate a gene-expression-based strategy for combinatorial drug screening as a way to target non-mutated genes in complex diseases.
RESUMO
PURPOSE: Neuroblastoma is a pediatric malignancy of the sympathetic nervous system with diverse clinical behaviors. Genomic amplification of MYCN oncogene has been shown to drive neuroblastoma pathogenesis and correlate with aggressive disease, but the survival rates for those high-risk tumors carrying no MYCN amplification remain equally dismal. The paucity of mutations and molecular heterogeneity has hindered the development of targeted therapies for most advanced neuroblastomas. We use an alternative method to identify potential drugs that target nononcogene dependencies in high-risk neuroblastoma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: By using a gene expression-based integrative approach, we identified prognostic signatures and potentially effective single agents and drug combinations for high-risk neuroblastoma. RESULTS: Among these predictions, we validated in vitro efficacies of some investigational and marketed drugs, of which niclosamide, an anthelmintic drug approved by the FDA, was further investigated in vivo. We also quantified the proteomic changes during niclosamide treatment to pinpoint nucleoside diphosphate kinase 3 (NME3) downregulation as a potential mechanism for its antitumor activity. CONCLUSIONS: Our results establish a gene expression-based strategy to interrogate cancer biology and inform drug discovery and repositioning for high-risk neuroblastoma.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais , Neuroblastoma/genética , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Ciclo Celular/genética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Cromatografia Líquida , Descoberta de Drogas/métodos , Amplificação de Genes , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Terapia de Alvo Molecular , Proteína Proto-Oncogênica N-Myc/genética , Neuroblastoma/tratamento farmacológico , Neuroblastoma/mortalidade , Neuroblastoma/patologia , Proteômica/métodos , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem , TranscriptomaRESUMO
The interaction of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) with one or more RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) is important to a plethora of cellular and physiological processes. The lncRNA SNHG1 was reported to be aberrantly expressed and associated with poor patient prognosis in several cancers including neuroblastoma. However, the interacting RBPs and biological functions associated with SNHG1 in neuroblastoma remain unknown. In this study, we identified 283, 31, and 164 SNHG1-interacting proteins in SK-N-BE(2)C, SK-N-DZ, and SK-N-AS neuroblastoma cells, respectively, using a RNA-protein pull-down assay coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Twenty-four SNHG1-interacting RBPs were identified in common from these three neuroblastoma cell lines. RBPs MATR3, YBX1, and HNRNPL have the binding sites for SNHG1 predicted by DeepBind motif analysis. Furthermore, the direct binding of MATR3 with SNHG1 was validated by Western blot and confirmed by RNA immunoprecipitation assay (RIP). Coexpression analysis revealed that the expression of SNHG1 is positively correlated with MATR3 ( P = 3.402 × 10-13). The high expression of MATR3 is associated with poor event-free survival ( P = 0.00711) and overall survival ( P = 0.00064). Biological functions such as ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis, RNA processing, and RNA splicing are significantly enriched and in common between SNHG1 and MATR3. In conclusion, we identified MATR3 as binding to SNHG1 and the interaction might be involved in splicing events that enhance neuroblastoma progression.
Assuntos
Progressão da Doença , Neuroblastoma/patologia , Proteínas Associadas à Matriz Nuclear/metabolismo , Proteômica/métodos , RNA Longo não Codificante/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ligação a RNA/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Humanos , Neuroblastoma/mortalidade , Ligação Proteica , Splicing de RNA , Proteínas de Ligação a RNA/análise , Análise de SobrevidaRESUMO
Metastasis of melanoma cells during the recurrence or the late stage of melanoma has been characterized as the dissemination of tumor cells under anchorage independency. The secreted interleukin-8 (IL-8) and its conical receptors from melanoma cells have been associated with melanoma malignancy. However, their correlations with melanoma cells under anchorage independency were unclear. Suspension of adherent melanoma cells generated the suspended melanoma cell model of anoikis resistance. The in-vivo xenograft experiment, in-vitro cell proliferation/migration assay, microarray, and bioinformatics analysis were used to compare the malignancy and gene expression profiling in adherent and suspended melanoma cells. PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunohistochemistry, and kinase inhibition assay were adapted to validate the expression and regulation of IL-8 and CXCR1/2. Suspended melanoma cells were anoikis resistant and showed elevated malignancy in vivo and in vitro. Gene expression profiling of adherent and suspended melanoma cells showed extensive alteration associated with cell survival/death, cell signaling, and regulation of gene expression. Microarray and bioinformatics analysis on gene set enrichment analysis further showed elevated IL-8 expression in suspended melanoma cells. The upregulation of IL-8 and the effect on chemotaxis were mediated by MEK/ERK activation upon cell suspension. Change in JNK phosphorylation induced CXCR1 downregulation under cell suspension, but upregulation by cell reattachment. We suggest the possible roles of elevated IL-8 secretion and change in CXCR expression contributing toward elevated melanoma malignancy upon reattachment from cell suspension. We show that the suspension of melanoma cells is critical in promoting melanoma malignancy in vivo and in vitro.