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BACKGROUND: A balanced protein homeostasis network helps cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) maintain their oncogenic growth, and disrupting proteostasis therapeutically will induce proteotoxic stress. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) have been reported to be involved in proteostasis, and PTEN-associated pathways are commonly altered in CCA. Celastrol, a triterpene from plants, exhibits cytotoxic effects in various types of cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. PURPOSE: We investigated the therapeutic effect of celastrol in CCA and identified the molecular characteristics of tumors that were sensitive to celastrol. The target of celastrol was explored. We then evaluated the candidate combination therapeutic strategy to increase the effectiveness of celastrol in celastrol-insensitive CCA tumors. METHODS: Various CCA cells were categorized as either celastrol-sensitive or celastrol-insensitive based on their response to celastrol. The molecular characteristics of cells from different groups were determined by RNA-seq. PTEN status and its role in proteasome activity in CCA cells were investigated. The CMAP analysis, molecular docking, and functional assay were performed to explore the effect of celastrol on proteasome activities. The correlation between PTEN status and clinical outcomes, as well as proteasomal activity, were measured in CCA patients. The synergistic therapeutic effect of autophagy inhibitors on celastrol-insensitive CCA cells were measured. RESULTS: Diverse responses to celastrol were observed in CCA cells. PTEN expression varied among different CCA cells, and its status could impact cell sensitivity to celastrol: PTENhigh tumor cells were resistant to celastrol, while PTENlow cells were more sensitive. Celastrol induced proteasomal dysregulation in CCA cells by directly targeting PSMB5. Cells with low PTEN status transcriptionally promoted proteasome subunit expression in an AKT-dependent manner, making these cells more reliant on proteasomal activities to maintain proteostasis. This caused the PTENlow CCA cells sensitive to celastrol. A negative correlation was found between PTEN levels and the proteasome signature in CCA patients. Moreover, celastrol treatment could induce autophagy in PTENhigh CCA cells. Disrupting the autophagic pathway in PTENhigh CCA cells enhanced the cytotoxic effect of celastrol. CONCLUSION: PTEN status in CCA cells determines their sensitivity to celastrol, and autophagy inhibitors could enhance the anti-tumor effect in PTENhigh CCA.
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Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares , Colangiocarcinoma , PTEN Fosfo-Hidrolase , Triterpenos Pentacíclicos , Triterpenos , Colangiocarcinoma/tratamento farmacológico , Triterpenos Pentacíclicos/farmacologia , PTEN Fosfo-Hidrolase/metabolismo , Humanos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/tratamento farmacológico , Triterpenos/farmacologia , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Tripterygium/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Complexo de Endopeptidases do Proteassoma/metabolismo , Complexo de Endopeptidases do Proteassoma/efeitos dos fármacos , Autofagia/efeitos dos fármacos , Bortezomib/farmacologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Liver cirrhosis (LC) is the highest risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development worldwide. The efficacy of the guideline-recommended surveillance methods for patients with LC remains unpromising. METHODS: A total of 4367 LCs not previously known to have HCC and 510 HCCs from 16 hospitals across 11 provinces of China were recruited in this multi-center, large-scale, cross-sectional study. Participants were divided into Stage â cohort (510 HCCs and 2074 LCs) and Stage â ¡ cohort (2293 LCs) according to their enrollment time and underwent Tri-phasic CT/enhanced MRI, US, AFP, and cell-free DNA (cfDNA). A screening model called PreCar Score was established based on five features of cfDNA using Stage â cohort. Surveillance performance of PreCar Score alone or in combination with US/AFP was evaluated in Stage â ¡ cohort. FINDINGS: PreCar Score showed a significantly higher sensitivity for the detection of early/very early HCC (Barcelona stage A/0) in contrast to US (sensitivity of 51.32% [95% CI: 39.66%-62.84%] at 95.53% [95% CI: 94.62%-96.38%] specificity for PreCar Score; sensitivity of 23.68% [95% CI: 14.99%-35.07%] at 99.37% [95% CI: 98.91%-99.64%] specificity for US) (P < 0.01, Fisher's exact test). PreCar Score plus US further achieved a higher sensitivity of 60.53% at 95.08% specificity for early/very early HCC screening. INTERPRETATION: Our study developed and validated a cfDNA-based screening tool (PreCar Score) for HCC in cohorts at high risk. The combination of PreCar Score and US can serve as a promising and practical strategy for routine HCC care. FUNDING: A full list of funding bodies that contributed to this study can be found in Acknowledgments section.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Ácidos Nucleicos Livres , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Humanos , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/genética , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/epidemiologia , alfa-Fetoproteínas , Estudos Transversais , Detecção Precoce de Câncer/métodos , Ultrassonografia/métodos , Cirrose Hepática/diagnóstico , Cirrose Hepática/complicações , Biomarcadores TumoraisRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Recently, some studies have suggested a link between AQP1 and cancer progression. AIMS: The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of AQP1 on the clinicopathology and prognosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) patients. METHODS: We retrospectively detected the expression of AQP1 protein in 307 patients with ICC who underwent partial hepatectomy. Western blot analysis was used to detect AQP1 protein levels in stable AQP1 overexpression and knockdown cell lines. The influence of AQP1 on the invasion and metastasis ability of ICC cells was assessed by wound-healing and Transwell assays in vitro as well as by a splenic liver metastasis model in vivo. RESULTS: Positive membranous AQP1 expression was identified in 34.2% (105/307) of the ICC specimens. Survival data revealed that positive AQP1 expression was significantly associated with favourable disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) (p = 0.0290 and p = 0003, respectively). Moreover, high AQP1 expression inhibited the invasion and migration of ICC cells in vitro as well as inhibited liver metastasis in nude mice. Mechanistically, high AQP1 expression in ICC cells increased the levels of E-cadherin but decreased the levels of the Snail transcription factor. CONCLUSIONS: AQP1 expression is associated with a favourable prognosis in ICC patients. AQP1 inhibits ICC cell invasion, metastasis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through downregulation of Snail expression.
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Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares , Colangiocarcinoma , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Animais , Camundongos , Aquaporina 1/genética , Aquaporina 1/metabolismo , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/genética , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/cirurgia , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/metabolismo , Ductos Biliares Intra-Hepáticos/patologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células , Colangiocarcinoma/genética , Colangiocarcinoma/cirurgia , Colangiocarcinoma/metabolismo , Regulação para Baixo , Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirurgia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/metabolismo , Camundongos Nus , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , HumanosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) generally arises from a background of liver cirrhosis (LC). Patients with cirrhosis and suspected HCC are recommended to undergo serum biomarker tests and imaging diagnostic evaluation. However, the performance of routine diagnostic methods in detecting early HCC remains unpromising. METHODS: Here, we conducted a large-scale, multicenter study of 1675 participants including 490 healthy controls, 577 LC patients, and 608 HCC patients from nine clinical centers across nine provinces of China, profiled gene mutation signatures of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) using Circulating Single-Molecule Amplification and Resequencing Technology (cSMART) through detecting 931 mutation sites across 21 genes. RESULTS: An integrated diagnostic model called "Combined method" was developed by combining three mutation sites and three serum biomarkers. Combined method outperformed AFP in the diagnosis of HCC, especially early HCC, with sensitivities of 81.25% for all stages and 66.67% for early HCC, respectively. Importantly, the integrated model exhibited high accuracy in differentiating AFP-negative, AFP-L3-negative, and PIVKA-II-negative HCCs from LCs.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Humanos , alfa-Fetoproteínas , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/genética , Cirrose Hepática/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genéticaRESUMO
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) can originate from the large bile duct group (segment bile ducts and area bile ducts), small bile duct group (septal bile ducts and interlobular bile ducts), and terminal bile duct group (bile ductules and canals of Hering) of the intrahepatic biliary tree, which can be histopathological corresponding to large duct type iCCA, small duct type iCCA and iCCA with ductal plate malformation pattern, and cholangiolocarcinoma, respectively. The challenge in pathological diagnosis of above subtypes of iCCA falls in the distinction of cellular morphologies, tissue structures, growth patterns, invasive behaviors, immunophenotypes, molecular mutations, and surgical prognoses. For these reasons, this expert consensus provides nine recommendations as a reference for standardizing and refining the diagnosis of pathological subtypes of iCCA, mainly based on the 5th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Tumours of the Digestive System.
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PURPOSE: Intratumoral hepatitis B virus (HBV) integrations and mutations are related to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) has shown itself as a powerful noninvasive biomarker for cancer. However, the HBV integration and mutation landscape on cfDNA remains unclear. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: A cSMART (Circulating Single-Molecule Amplification and Resequencing Technology)-based method (SIM) was developed to simultaneously investigate HBV integration and mutation landscapes on cfDNA with HBV-specific primers covering the whole HBV genome. Patients with HCC (n = 481) and liver cirrhosis (LC; n = 517) were recruited in the study. RESULTS: A total of 6,861 integration breakpoints including TERT and KMT2B were discovered in HCC cfDNA, more than in LC. The concentration of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) was positively correlated with the detection rate of these integration hotspots and total HBV integration events in cfDNA. To track the origin of HBV integrations in cfDNA, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on their paired tumor tissues. The paired comparison of WGS data from tumor tissues and SIM data from cfDNA confirmed most recurrent integration events in cfDNA originated from tumor tissue. The mutational landscape across the whole HBV genome was first generated for both HBV genotype C and B. A region from nt1100 to nt1500 containing multiple HCC risk mutation sites (OR > 1) was identified as a potential HCC-related mutational hot zone. CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides an in-depth delineation of HBV integration/mutation landscapes at cfDNA level and did a comparative analysis with their paired tissues. These findings shed light on the possibilities of noninvasive detection of virus insertion/mutation.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular/sangue , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/virologia , Ácidos Nucleicos Livres/sangue , Vírus da Hepatite B/genética , Cirrose Hepática/sangue , Cirrose Hepática/virologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/sangue , Neoplasias Hepáticas/virologia , Mutação , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto JovemRESUMO
To investigate the association between preoperative HBsAg (hepatitis B surface antigen) level and risk of HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma) recurrence following curative resection, we enrolled 826 HBV-related HCC patients who underwent curative resection and received long-term follow-up at the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital (Shanghai, China). Multivariate analyses showed that serum HBsAg ≥ 2000 S/CO, seropositive hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase > 61 U/L, prothrombin time > 13 s, multinodularity, lager tumor size, and major portal vein invasion were independently associated with a increased risk of HCC recurrence. Compared with HCC patients with HBsAg level < 2000 S/CO, HCC patients with HBsAg level ≥ 2000 S/CO had a higher prevalence of seropositive HBeAg, antiviral therapy, and cirrhosis; were younger; and had a higher levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and HBV viral load. Multivariable stratified analyses showed HCC patients with HBsAg level < 2000 S/CO tended to have a lower incidence of HCC recurrence in following subgroups of patients, including for noncirrhotic (HR, 0.561; 95% CI, 0.345-0.914), HBV DNA < 2000 IU/mL (HR, 0.604; 95% CI, 0.401-0.912), ALT ≤ 41 U/L (HR, 0.643; 95% CI, 0.440-0.942), AST ≤ 37 U/L (HR, 0.672; 95% CI, 0.459-0.983), and seronegative HBeAg (HR, 0.682; 95% CI, 0.486-0.958). When we evaluated HBeAg-negative patients with HBV DNA < 2000 IU/mL, HBsAg level still determined risk of HCC recurrence (p = 0.014), but not HBV DNA (p = 0.550) and ALT (p = 0.186). These results suggest high levels of HBsAg increase risk of HCC recurrence following curative resection. HBsAg level might serve as a new marker to complement HBV DNA level in predicting HCC recurrence, especially in HBeAg-negative patients with low viral load.
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Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a devastating malignant tumor arising from the peripheral intrahepatic bile duct epithelium. The incidence and mortality of ICC is markedly increasing over the past two decades worldwide, though the cause for this rise in incidence is unclear, thus intensifying the search for alternative etiological agents and pathogenetic mechanisms. Hepatolithiasis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, parasitic infection (Opisthorchis viverrini or Clonorchis sinensis), fibropolycystic liver disease, and chemical carcinogen exposure are thought to be the risk factors for ICC. Nevertheless, the majority of ICC patients do not have any of these risk factors, and none of the established risk factors can explain the recent increasing trend of ICC. Therefore, identifying other risk factors may lead to the prevention and early detection of ICC. Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the predominant cause of hepatocellular carcinoma in HBV-endemic areas. This review discusses the evidence implicating chronic HBV infection as a likely etiology of ICC and the pathogenetic mechanisms that might be involved.
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Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/virologia , Ductos Biliares Intra-Hepáticos/virologia , Colangiocarcinoma/virologia , Vírus da Hepatite B/metabolismo , Hepatite B/complicações , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/complicações , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/complicações , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/virologia , Colangiocarcinoma/complicações , Humanos , Inflamação , Fígado/patologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/complicações , Neoplasias Hepáticas/virologia , Células-Tronco Neoplásicas , Prognóstico , Fatores de Risco , Células-Tronco/citologia , Transativadores/metabolismo , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta1/metabolismo , Proteínas Virais Reguladoras e AcessóriasRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The functions of cytoskeleton-associated membrane protein 4 (CKAP4), one kind of type II transmembrane protein, are associated with the palmitoyl acyltransferase DHHC2. The objective of the current study was to investigate CKAP4/DHHC2 expression and its prognostic significance in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: Two independent cohorts of 416 patients with HCC were enrolled. All the patients included had defined clinicopathologic and follow-up data. Using real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical assay, CKAP4 and DHHC2 expression were evaluated. The association between CKAP4/DHHC2 expression and HCC-specific disease-free survival and overall survival was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier curves, the log-rank test, and Multivariate Cox regression analyses. RESULTS: The data documented that CKAP4 expression was much higher in HCC tumor tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues and its expression was significantly correlated with tumor size, intrahepatic metastases, portal venous invasion, and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage of disease in 2 cohorts of patients. On survival analysis, patients with high CKAP4 expression appeared to have a favorable overall survival and a longer disease-free survival compared with those with low expression. DHHC2 expression was also examined in tissue microarray analysis by immunohistochemistry and the results demonstrated that 87.6% of the cases had low expression of DHHC2. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that a high level of DHHC2 expression predicted favorable overall survival and disease-free survival rates in both the training cohort and validation set. Furthermore, the combination of CKAP4 and DHHC2 was found to have a more powerful efficiency in prognosis prediction than either one alone. CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, the current study is the first to demonstrate that the expression of CKAP4 and its palmitoyl acyltransferase DHHC2 correlates with disease progression and metastasis in patients with HCC and may provide prognostic and therapeutic value.
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Aciltransferases/análise , Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/química , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/química , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Proteínas de Membrana/análise , Proteínas Supressoras de Tumor/análise , Adulto , Idoso , Biomarcadores Tumorais/sangue , Western Blotting , China , Estudos de Coortes , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Feminino , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Gradação de Tumores , Invasividade Neoplásica , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Ácido Palmítico/metabolismo , Veia Porta/patologia , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Prognóstico , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Análise Serial de TecidosRESUMO
CKAP4, one kind of type II trans-membrane protein, plays an important role to maintain endoplasmic reticulum structure and inhibits the proliferation of bladder cancer cells by combining its ligand anti-proliferative factor (APF). However, the biological function of CKAP4 in the progression of liver cancer has not been clearly demonstrated. In the present study, we knocked down or overexpressed CKAP4 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and cell proliferation, invasion, and migration capacities were investigated by CCK-8 and transwell assays. In vivo tumor model in mice was used to evaluate the role of CKAP4 on growth and metastasis of HCC. The data documented that HCC cells with high CKAP4 levels were featured by low proliferation capability as well as low invasion potential. Interestingly, we found that CKAP4 suppressed the activation of epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling, which may partly explain the role of CKAP4 in cell biological behavior of HCC. Further study revealed that CKAP4 could associate with EGFR at basal status and the complex was reduced upon EGF stimulation, leading to release EGFR into cytoplasm. Thus, we demonstrate the novel mechanism, for the first time, expression of CKAP4 regulates progression and metastasis of HCC and it may provide therapeutic values in this tumor.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Receptores ErbB/fisiologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Proteínas de Membrana/fisiologia , Transdução de Sinais/fisiologia , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal/fisiologia , Animais , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/secundário , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB CRESUMO
AIM: Free fatty acid-induced lipotoxicity plays a crucial role in the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In the present study we investigated the effects of a high-fat diet and free fatty acids on the autophagic process in hepatocytes in vivo and in vitro and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS: LC3-II expression, a hallmark of autophagic flux, was detected in liver specimens from patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) as well as in the livers of C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) up to 16 weeks. LC3-II expression was also analyzed in human SMMC-7721 and HepG2 hepatoma cells exposed to palmitic acid (PA), a saturated fatty acid. PA-induced apoptosis was detected by Annexin V staining and specific cleavage of PARP in the presence and absence of different agents. RESULTS: LC3-II expression was markedly increased in human NASH and in liver tissues of HFD-fed mice. Treatment of SMMC-7721 cells with PA increased LC3-II expression in time- and dose-dependent manners, whereas the unsaturated fatty acid oleic acid had no effect. Inhibition of autophagy with 3MA sensitized SMMC-7721 cells to PA-induced apoptosis, whereas activation of autophagy by rapamycin attenuated PA-induced PARP cleavage. The autophagy-associated proteins Beclin1 and Atg5 were essential for PA-induced autophagy in SMMC-7721 cells. Moreover, pretreatment with SP600125, an inhibitor of JNK, effectively abrogated PA-mediated autophagy and apoptosis. Specific knockdown of JNK2, but not JNK1, in SMMC-7721 cells significantly suppressed PA-induced autophagy and enhanced its pro-apoptotic activity; whereas specific knockdown of JNK1 had the converse effect. Similar results were obtained when HepG2 cells were tested. CONCLUSION: JNK1 promotes PA-induced lipoapoptosis, whereas JNK2 activates pro-survival autophagy and inhibits PA lipotoxicity. Our results suggest that modulation of autophagy may have therapeutic benefits in the treatment of lipid-related metabolic diseases.
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Autofagia/efeitos dos fármacos , Hepatócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteína Quinase 9 Ativada por Mitógeno/metabolismo , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/enzimologia , Ácido Palmítico/toxicidade , Animais , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas Reguladoras de Apoptose/genética , Proteínas Reguladoras de Apoptose/metabolismo , Proteína 5 Relacionada à Autofagia , Proteína Beclina-1 , Dieta Hiperlipídica , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Ativação Enzimática , Células Hep G2 , Hepatócitos/enzimologia , Hepatócitos/patologia , Humanos , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Proteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Proteínas Associadas aos Microtúbulos/genética , Proteínas Associadas aos Microtúbulos/metabolismo , Proteína Quinase 8 Ativada por Mitógeno/genética , Proteína Quinase 8 Ativada por Mitógeno/metabolismo , Proteína Quinase 9 Ativada por Mitógeno/antagonistas & inibidores , Proteína Quinase 9 Ativada por Mitógeno/genética , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/etiologia , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/genética , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/patologia , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacologia , Interferência de RNA , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Fatores de Tempo , TransfecçãoRESUMO
The objective of the study was to investigate the clinical significance of CKAP4 in intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma (ICC). CKAP4 expression was determined in a cohort containing 173 cases of ICC patients. We found that CKAP4 was overexpressed in the majority of ICC cases and was significantly associated with tumor size, distant metastasis, lymph node metastasis, UICC and TNM stage features. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression data indicated that CKAP4 was correlated with favorable clinical outcome and was an independent predictor for overall survival (HR, 0.646; 95% CI, 0.463-0.900 [p=0.010]). Thus, CKAP4 may serve as a prognostic marker of ICC patients.
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Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Colangiocarcinoma/cirurgia , Hepatectomia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirurgia , Proteínas de Membrana/análise , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares , Ductos Biliares Intra-Hepáticos , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Colangiocarcinoma/química , Colangiocarcinoma/genética , Colangiocarcinoma/mortalidade , Colangiocarcinoma/secundário , Feminino , Hepatectomia/efeitos adversos , Hepatectomia/mortalidade , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Neoplasias Hepáticas/química , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Hepáticas/secundário , Metástase Linfática , Masculino , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , RNA Mensageiro/análise , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Carga Tumoral , Regulação para CimaRESUMO
This study was designed to identify and verify hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-associated human carcinoma antigens (HCAs) that may be useful as tumor markers for HCC. We found that BCE075 and BCD021 anti-HCA antibodies were immunostained in the liver tissue samples and showed specific staining. Their expression was increased in HCC compared with normal liver tissues (P = 0.008). Immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analyses of the proteins precipitated by these two antibodies were identified to be cytoskeleton-associated protein 4 (CLIMP63) and brain-type glycogen phosphorylase (PYGB). This study demonstrated that HCC tissues expressed specific HCA glycoproteins, suggesting that our mouse monoclonal anti-HCA antibodies could be useful for immunohistochemical analysis of HCA expression as potential biomarkers for HCC diagnosis.
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Antígenos de Neoplasias/análise , Biomarcadores Tumorais , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Glicogênio Fosforilase Encefálica/análise , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Proteínas de Membrana/análise , Animais , Anticorpos Monoclonais , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Imunoprecipitação , Espectrometria de Massas , CamundongosRESUMO
ß-Catenin plays many critical roles during various liver physiological and pathological processes. However, the role of ß-Catenin in acute liver failure remains unclear. Using hepatocyte specific ß-Catenin knockout mice, we found that loss of ß-Catenin in hepatocyte significantly reduced GalN/LPS-induced liver damage and hepatocyte apoptosis, but exacerbated Jo2-mediated liver injury. Mechanistically, the dual effects of ß-Catenin attributes on its function of inhibiting NF-κB signaling, which aggravates oxidative stress but decreases Fas expression under injury conditions. In conclusion, ß-Catenin plays an important role in regulating the balance between TNF-α and Fas-induced liver injury via its effect on NF-κB.
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Lesão Pulmonar Aguda/metabolismo , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/fisiologia , beta Catenina/fisiologia , Receptor fas/fisiologia , Lesão Pulmonar Aguda/imunologia , Lesão Pulmonar Aguda/patologia , Alanina Transaminase/sangue , Animais , Apoptose , Aspartato Aminotransferases/sangue , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Técnicas de Inativação de Genes , Lipopolissacarídeos/farmacologia , Fígado/metabolismo , Fígado/patologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Transgênicos , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Estresse OxidativoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Our previous studies showed that ZBTB20, a new BTB/POZ-domain gene, could negatively regulate α feto-protein and other liver-specific genes, concerning such as bio-transformation, glucose metabolism and the regulation of the somatotropic hormonal axis. The aim of this study is to determine the potential clinical implications of ZBTB20 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: Quantitative real-time RT-PCR and Western blot analyses were used to detect expression levels of ZBTB20 in 50 paired HCC tumorous and nontumorous tissues and in 20 normal liver tissues. Moreover, expression of ZBTB20 was assessed by immunohistochemistry of paired tumor and peritumoral liver tissue from 102 patients who had undergone hepatectomy for histologically proven HCC. And its relationship with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis was investigated. RESULTS: Both messenger RNA and protein expression levels of ZBTB20 were elevated significantly in HCC tissues compared with the paired non-tumor tissues and normal liver tissues. Overexpressed ZBTB20 protein in HCC was significantly associated with vein invasion (P=0.016). Importantly, the recurrence or metastasis rates of HCCs with higher ZBTB20 expression were markedly greater than those of HCCs with lower expression (P=0.003, P=0.00015, respectively). Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that ZBTB20 overexpression was an independent prognostic factor for HCC. The disease-free survival period and over-all survival period in patients with overexpressed ZBTB20 in HCC was significantly reduced. CONCLUSIONS: The expression of ZBTB20 is increased in HCC and associated with poor prognosis in patients with HCC, implicating ZBTB20 as a candidate prognostic marker in HCC.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Neoplasias/biossíntese , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/biossíntese , Fatores de Transcrição/biossíntese , Adulto , Idoso , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/genética , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/mortalidade , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/secundário , China/epidemiologia , Comorbidade , Feminino , Seguimentos , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Hepatite B Crônica/epidemiologia , Hepatite C Crônica/epidemiologia , Humanos , Fígado/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/mortalidade , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/genética , Prognóstico , RNA Mensageiro/biossíntese , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Neoplásico/biossíntese , RNA Neoplásico/genética , Recidiva , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Estudos de Amostragem , Fatores de Transcrição/genéticaRESUMO
AIM: To study the prognostic factors for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and evaluate the impact of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection on survival rate of ICC patients. METHODS: A total of 155 ICC patients who underwent macroscopic curative resections (R0 and R1) were enrolled in this retrospective study and divided into group A with HBV infection and group B without HBV infection according to their chronic HBV infection, represented by positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in serum or in liver tissue. Clinicopathological characteristics and survival rate of the patients were evaluated. RESULTS: All patients underwent anatomical resection. Their 1- and 3-year survival rates were 60.6% and 32.1%, respectively. Multivariate analyses revealed that HBV infection, hepatolithiasis, microscopic satellite lesion, and lymphatic metastasis were the independent prognostic factors for the survival rate of ICC patients. The median disease-free survival time of the patients was 5.0 mo. The number of tumors, microscopic satellite lesion, and vascular invasion were the independent prognostic factors for the disease-free survival rate of the patients. The prognostic factors affecting the survival rate of ICC patients with HBV infection and those without HBV infection were not completely consistent. Alkaline phosphatase > 119 U/L, microscopic satellite lesion, vascular invasion, and lymphatic metastasis were the independent factors for the patients with HBV infection, while r-glutamyltransferase > 64 U/L, microscopic satellite lesion, and poor tumor differentiation were the independent factors for the patients without HBV infection. CONCLUSION: HBV infection is a valuable clinical factor for predicting tumor invasiveness and clinical outcome of ICC patients. ICC patients with HBV infection should be distinguished from those without HBV infection because they have different clinicopathological characteristics, prognostic factors and outcomes after surgical resection.
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Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B/metabolismo , Hepatite B/diagnóstico , Hepatite B/virologia , Adulto , Idoso , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/cirurgia , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/virologia , Ductos Biliares Intra-Hepáticos , Colangiocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Colangiocarcinoma/cirurgia , Colangiocarcinoma/virologia , Feminino , Vírus da Hepatite B/metabolismo , Humanos , Fígado/virologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirurgia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/virologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Invasividade Neoplásica , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression status of human carcinoma antigen (HCA) in human cholangiocellular carcinomas, and to determine the relationship between HCA and clinical features. METHODS: Tissues from 60 intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma (ICC) patients, and normal liver tissues from 20 hepatic hemangioma patients selected randomly were assayed for the expression of HCA by immunohistochemistry, and Western blots. Areas of poorly differentiated (n=20), moderately-well differentiated (n=30), highly differentiated tumors (n=10) from different cases were evaluated. Results were recorded as positive (≥5% of cells staining and staining intensity 2+ or 3+) or negative (<5% of cells staining and staining intensity<2+) and analyzed using the χ2 test. RESULTS: BCE075 and BDD048 antibodies showed similar staining patterns. The positive immunostaining of BCE075 was mainly localized in the cytoplasm and cell secretions. The staining was positive in 15% of poorly differentiated ICC, 72% of moderately-well differentiated, 100% of highly differentiated tumors. But, staining was not detected in adjacent normal tissue. The differences in HCA expression among these tissues were statistically significant. Also, we found expression of HCA to be closely associated with the degree of differentiation of ICC and tumor cell morphology. There was a correlation between expression of HCA and serum CA19-9. CONCLUSION: The data suggest that HCA is a potential marker for the diagnosis of cholangiocellular carcinoma.
Assuntos
Antígenos Glicosídicos Associados a Tumores/metabolismo , Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Adulto , Idoso , Animais , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/metabolismo , Ductos Biliares Intra-Hepáticos , Colangiocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Colangiocarcinoma/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
AIM: To investigate the prevalence, risk factors, and clinicopathologic characteristics of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) in young patients. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed in ICC patients referred to the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital in Shanghai, China. Among 317 consecutively enrolled patients, 40 patients were aged
Assuntos
Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/etiologia , Ductos Biliares Intra-Hepáticos/patologia , Biomarcadores Tumorais/sangue , Colangiocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Colangiocarcinoma/etiologia , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/epidemiologia , Colangiocarcinoma/epidemiologia , Feminino , Hepatite B/complicações , Hepatite C/complicações , Humanos , Litíase/complicações , Cirrose Hepática/virologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Invasividade Neoplásica , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Prevalência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Esquistossomose/complicações , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To explore the potential risk factors of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) in China. METHOD: A case-control study including 317 patients with pathologically confirmed ICC and 634 healthy individuals was conducted. The cases and controls were matched in age, sex and inhabitancy. Data were statistically analyzed by Chi-square test and conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: Univariate analysis showed significant difference in HBsAg seropositivity, liver cirrhosis, hepatolithiasis, choledocholithiasis and schistosomiasis between ICC patients and healthy controls (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis confirmed that HBsAg seropositivity, liver cirrhosis, hepatolithiasis and hepatic schistosomiasis were associated with ICC, and their adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) were 10.265 (6.676-15.783), 13.101 (5.265-32.604), 18.242 (3.580-92.958), 18.435 (1.930-176.082), 15.102 (4.607-49.499) and 11.820 (3.522-39.668), respectively. The incidence of hepatic cyst, cholecystolithiasis, hepatic hemangioma, fatty liver, diabetes mellitus, smoking and drinking were not significantly different between ICC patients and controls. CONCLUSIONS: The HBV infection, liver cirrhosis, hepatolithiasis and hepatic schistosomiasis may be the risk factors for ICC in China.
Assuntos
Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/etiologia , Ductos Biliares Intra-Hepáticos , Colangiocarcinoma/etiologia , Colelitíase/complicações , Hepatite B/complicações , Adulto , Idoso , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/epidemiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Colangiocarcinoma/epidemiologia , Colelitíase/epidemiologia , Feminino , Hepatite B/epidemiologia , Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B/sangue , Antígenos E da Hepatite B/sangue , Humanos , Cirrose Hepática/complicações , Cirrose Hepática/epidemiologia , Hepatopatias/complicações , Hepatopatias/epidemiologia , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Razão de Chances , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: OCI-5, the rat homologene of human glypican 3 (GPC3), is confirmed upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The present study was undertaken to detect gene expression change of OCI-5 during occurrence and progression of rat HCC. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were given diethylnitrosamine (DENA) to induce HCC. Three DENA-induced rats and one control rat were sacrificed every week for 18 weeks during the development of HCC. Tissues specimens were snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen and total RNA was isolated. Sk-Hep1 cells were treated with DENA at different concentrations. The gene expression levels of OCI-5 and GPC3 were detected with the RT-PCR method. RESULTS: OCI-5 was not expressed in normal rat liver tissues. When HCC occurred and aggravated, OCI-5 expression was gradually elevated to a very high level. GPC3 was not expressed in the DENA-treated Sk-Hep1 cells. CONCLUSIONS: OCI-5 was not expressed in normal rat liver tissues but in rat HCC tissues. High-expression of OCI-5 in DENA-induced rat HCC model was the gene expression change of HCC not the DENA-induced gene expression. The expression level of OCI-5 was not only elevated in rat HCC but also gradually along the occurrence and progression of HCC, indicating that GPC3 might serve as a sensitive marker of early stage HCC.