Identification of prognostic and diagnostic signatures for cancer and acute myocardial infarction: multi-omics approaches for deciphering heterogeneity to enhance patient management.

Patients diagnosed with cancer face an increased risk of cardiovascular events in the short term, while those experiencing acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have a higher incidence of cancer. Given limitations in clinical resources, identifying shared biomarkers offers a cost-effective approach to risk assessment by minimizing the need for multiple tests and screenings. Hence, it is crucial to identify common biomarkers for both cancer survival and AMI prediction. Our study suggests that monocyte-derived biomarkers, specifically WEE1, PYHIN1, SEC61A2, and HAL, hold potential as predictors for cancer prognosis and AMI. We employed a novel formula to analyze mRNA levels in clinical samples from patients with AMI and cancer, resulting in the development of a new risk score based on expression profiles. By categorizing patients into high-risk and low-risk groups based on the median risk score, we observed significantly poorer overall survival among high-risk patients in cancer cohorts using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Furthermore, calibration curves, decision curve analysis (DCA), and clinical impact curve analyses provided additional evidence supporting the robust diagnostic capacity of the risk score for AMI. Noteworthy is the shared activation of the Notch Signaling pathway, which may shed light on common high-risk factors underlying both AMI and cancer. Additionally, we validated the differential expression of these genes in cell lines and clinical samples, respectively, reinforcing their potential as meaningful biomarkers. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the promise of mRNA levels as biomarkers and emphasizes the significance of further research for validation and refinement.

Effect of a Novel Pocket Compression Device on Hematomas Following Cardiac Electronic Device Implantation in Patients Receiving Direct Oral Anticoagulants.

Background: A pocket hematoma is a well-recognized complication that occurs after pacemaker or defibrillator implantation. It is associated with increased pocket infection and hospital stay. Patients suffering from atrial fibrillation and undergoing cardiovascular electronic implantable device (CIED) surgery are widely prescribed and treated with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs). In this study, the use of a novel compression device was evaluated to examine its ability to decrease the incidence of pocket hematomas following device implantation with uninterrupted DOACs. Methods: A total of 204 participants who received DOACs and underwent CIED implantation were randomized into an experimental group (novel compression device) and a control group (elastic adhesive tape with a sandbag). The primary outcome was pocket hematoma, and the secondary outcomes were skin erosions and patient comfort score. Grade 3 hematoma was defined as a hematoma that required anticoagulation therapy interruption, re-operation, or prolonged hospital stay. Results: The baseline characteristics of both groups had no significant differences. The incidence of grades 1 and 2 hematomas was significantly lower in the compression device group than in the conventional pressure dressing group (7.8 vs. 23.5 and 2.0 vs. 5.9%, respectively; P < 0.01). Grade 3 hematoma occurred in 2 of 102 patients in the experimental group and 7 of 102 patients in the control group (2.0 vs. 6.9%; P = 0.03). The incidence rates of skin erosion were significantly lower, and the patient comfort score was much higher in the compression device group than in the control group (P < 0.01). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the use of novel compression device was a significant protective factor for pocket hematoma (OR = 0.42; 95% CI, 0.29-0.69, P = 0.01). Conclusions: The incidence of pocket hematomas and skin erosions significantly decreases when the proposed compression device is used for patients undergoing device implantation with uninterrupted DOACs. Thus, the length of hospital stay and re-operation rate can be reduced, and patient comfort can be improved. Clinical Trial Registration: http://www.chictr.org.cn, identifier: ChiCTR2100049430.

MicroRNA-98 attenuates cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury through inhibiting DAPK1 expression.

Cardiovascular ischemic disease is a large class of diseases that are harmful to human health. The significant role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in terms of controlling cardiac injury has been reported in latest studies. MiR-98 is very important in regulating the apoptosis, the differentiation, the growth as well as the metastasis of cells. Nevertheless, the effect of miR-98 in the cardiac ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury has rarely been investigated. In the current research, we found that the miR-98 expression was down-regulated in the cardiomyocytes subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) and in the myocardium of the I/R rats. In addition, over-expression of miR-98 could significantly reduce the myocardial oxidative stress and ischemic injury as well as cell apoptosis. In agreement, similar findings were demonstrated in H9c2 cells subjected to H/R injury. Bioinformatic analysis using MiRanda and TargetScan and luciferase activity assay confirmed death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1) as a direct target of miR-98. These findings suggest that miR-98 may be exploited as a novel molecular marker or therapeutic target for myocardial I/R injury. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 71(1):166-176, 2019.

[Unilateral pedicle screw fixation plus interbody fusion by Quadrant system through spatium intermuscular of multifidus].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical outcome of unilateral pedicle screw fixation plus single cage interbody fusion through spatium intermuscular of multifidus by Quadrant system. METHODS: From April 2008 to April 2009, 47 patients underwent unilateral pedicle screw fixation plus single cage interbody fusion through spatium intermuscular of multifidus. There were 22 males and 25 females with the mean age of 58.2 years (range, 46-74 years). Among them 12 cases had far-lateral lumbar disc herniation, 7 cases had post-discectomy recurrence, and 28 cases had degenerative instability. Thirty-seven cases were treated with lumbar interbody fusion through transforaminal approach, 10 cases through posterior approach. After surgery, the radiography was carried out to demonstrate the fusion status, and the Nakai criterion was used for assessment. RESULTS: The average skin incision length was 3.2 cm (range, 3.0 to 3.5 cm), the average operative time was 90 min (range, 70 to 160 min), and the average blood loss was 130 ml (range, 90 to 360 ml). All cases were followed up for 8 - 20 months (average 13.6 months). Postoperative radiography showed no evidence of instrument failure, and 43 cases got bone fusion, 4 cases got suspicious fusion. At final followed-up the average leg pain VAS decreased from 7.4 ± 1.1 preoperatively to 2.4 ± 1.3 postoperatively, the average low back pain VAS decreased from 6.7 ± 1.3 preoperatively to 1.8 ± 1.5 postoperatively. According to Nakai criterion, 31 cases were rated as excellent, 11 cases as good, and 5 cases as fair with the total excellent and good rate of 89.4%. CONCLUSIONS: Unilateral pedicle screw fixation plus single cage interbody fusion through spatium intermuscular of multifidus has some advantages of minimal invasiveness, less blood loss, less complications and reliable curative effect. It is a satisfactory lumbar fusion method under suitable indication.