Compliance with web content accessibility guidelines in ophthalmology social media posts.

This is a cross-sectional exploratory analysis of publicly available Internet data to examine compliance to web content accessibility guidelines (WCAG) on patient education social media posts in ophthalmology. WCAG ensures web content accessibility for those with disabilities (including visual impairment). A total of 100 social media posts were sampled from ten ophthalmology patient education social media pages and ten non-ophthalmology (cardiopulmonary) pages as the comparison group. Three independent graders evaluated the selected posts based on the WCAG 2 checklist by WebAIM, a non-profit affiliated with Utah State University, after its adaptation for social media posts. Validated accessibility standard labels: "0" for not meeting any standards, "1" or "A" for meeting bare minimum accessibility requirements, "2" or "AA" for meeting legal accessibility requirements, or "3" or "AAA" for exceeding accessibility requirements. There was not enough evidence to detect a difference in WCAG scores between ophthalmology and non-ophthalmology posts (p = 0.80). Forty-nine percent of scores for ophthalmology social media posts showed no compliance with any WCAG. The most common reasons that ophthalmology posts failed to meet criteria were due to color and contrast issues (39%). Most ophthalmology social media posts had low WCAG scores, indicating poor compliance to WCAG. Because social media is highly visual, reduced compliance to WCAG may create barriers for low vision individuals to successfully access patient education social media content.

Intervenciones de enfermería en trauma craneoencefálico en urgencias / Emergency room nursing interventions in craneoencephalic trauma

Serie de 29 casos y sus resultados en observaciones realizadas con ayuda de una lista de chequeo durante el transcurso de los turnos diurnos y nocturnos de enfermería en el servicio de urgencias de un hospital de nivel III en un lapso de 30 días. Para recolectar la información se utilizó una lista con 54 ítems que describieron el manejo ideal del paciente con TCE, así como las intervenciones ejecutadas, las omitidas y los responsables de las mismas, para determinar cuáles deben realizarse durante los primeros 60 minutos del ingreso al servicio de urgencias. Según la literatura, el número de actividades que deben efectuarse son 54, de las cuales 18 (33%) son competencias del profesional de enfermería. Este estudio además reveló un factor importante como es el diagnóstico preciso del déficit neurológico y la regularidad de la valoración, lo que nos lleva a pensar que es indispensable realizar un protocolo de intervenciones de enfermería con pautas secuenciales para una mejor atención.

This study discusses a series of 29 cases and their results based on check-list assisted observations performed during ER nursing day and night shifts at a level III hospital in a 30-day period. A 54-item check-list which described the management of patients with CET, as well as implemented and omitted interventions, and person responsible, in order to determine which should be performed upon the first 60 minutes of patient admission to the ER, was used. According to literature, 54 interventions should be performed, 18 (33%) of which must be carried out by the nursing professional. Additionally, this study reveals an important factor as is obtaining an accurate baseline and ongoing neurological deficit diagnosis which leads us to consider that a nursing intervention protocol including sequential guidelines in order to deliver better care is required.