[Efficacy and safety of less invasive surfactant administration in the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: a Meta analysis].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) in the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). METHODS: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, China Biology Medicine disc, China Scientific Journal Database, CNKI Database, and Wanfang Database were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the use of LISA strategy in the treatment of NRDS. Literature screening and quality assessment were performed according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Review Manager 5.3 software was used to perform the Meta analysis. RESULTS: A total of 9 RCTs were included, with a total of 1 212 children with NRDS. There were 611 children in the experimental group (treated with LISA strategy) and 601 children in the control group [treated with intubation-surfactant-extubation (INSURE) strategy]. The Meta analysis showed that the use of LISA strategy reduced the rate of mechanical ventilation within 72 hours after birth (OR=0.39, 95%CI: 0.29-0.51, P<0.001) and the incidence rates of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (OR=0.53, 95%CI: 0.38-0.72, P<0.001) and pneumothorax (OR=0.56, 95%CI: 0.33-0.93, P=0.02). There were no significant differences in the mortality rate and incidence rates of other neonatal diseases between the two groups (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the rate of repeated use of pulmonary surfactant (PS) between the two groups (P>0.05), but there was a higher incidence rate of PS reflux observed by LISA strategy (OR=2.60, 95%CI: 1.64-4.12, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with INSURE strategy, LISA strategy has advantages in reducing the need for mechanical ventilation and the incidence rates of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and pneumothorax in children with NRDS.

Mechanism of Astragalus membranaceus in the treatment of laryngeal cancer based on gene co-expression network and molecular docking.

Astragalus membranaceus (HUANG QI, HQ) is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine. Researchers have widely concerned its antitumor effect. At present, there is still a lack of research on the treatment of laryngeal cancer with HQ. In this study, we integrated data from the weighted gene co-expression network of laryngeal cancer samples and the components and targets of HQ. A new method for dividing PPI network modules is proposed. Important targets of HQ treatment for laryngeal cancer were obtained through the screening of critical modules. These nodes performed differential expression analysis and survival analysis through external data sets. GSEA enrichment analysis reveals pathways for important targets participation. Finally, molecular docking screened active ingredients in HQ that could interact with important targets. Combined with the laryngeal cancer gene co expression network and HQ PPI network, we obtained the critical module related to laryngeal cancer. Among them, MMP1, MMP3, and MMP10 were chosen as important targets. External data sets demonstrate that their expression in tumor samples is significantly higher than in normal samples. The survival time of patients with high expression group was significantly shortened, which is a negative factor for prognosis. GSEA enrichment analysis found that they are mainly involved in tumor-related pathways such as ECM receptor interaction and Small cell lung cancer. The docking results show that the components that can well bind to important targets of HQ are quercetin, rutin, and Chlorogenic acid, which may be the primary mechanism of the anti-cancer effect of HQ. These findings provide a preliminary research basis for Chinese medicine treatment of laryngeal cancer and offer ideas to related drug design.

[Nature-effect relationship research of traditional Chinese medicine for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis based on nature combination].

The efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine is the therapeutic effect of the drug on the body. The nature of traditional Chinese medicine is a further generalization of the effect of efficacy,and there is an intrinsic relationship between efficacy and nature of traditional Chinese medicine. In this study,the nature-effect relationship is found on the whole level,through the research mode of " nature combination-targets of traditional Chinese medicine-modules of protein interaction network-efficiency". The results showed that the warm-pungent-liver protein interaction network mainly participated in lipid catabolic process,blood coagulation,platelet activation,heme oxidation,platelet degranulation,apoptotic process,acute inflammatory response to exert the effect of anti-tumor,antithrombotic,anti-myocardial ischemia and anti-inflammatory.

Schiff base interaction tuned mesoporous organosilica nanoplatforms with pH-responsive degradability for efficient anti-cancer drug delivery in vivo.

Chemically incorporating Schiff base interactions into silicate frameworks endows the obtained mesoporous organosilica based drug carriers with ultrafast pH-responsive degradability and efficient anti-cancer drug release kinetics, resulting in enhanced cancer therapy.

A Family Affair: Family Typologies of Problems and Midlife Well-Being.

Background and Objectives: Midlife adults are a "pivot" generation, responding to parents' and grown children's problems. Yet, some midlife adults may have families where multiple members suffer sorrows, whereas other midlife adults may have families with few problems. This study examined: (a) typologies of problems across generations and (b) associations between profiles of problems and midlife adults' well-being. Research Design and Methods: Midlife adults (N = 633) reported their own, each parent's (n = 868), and grown child's (n = 1,785) physical (e.g., injury, cancer), psychological (e.g., anxiety, addiction), and lifestyle problems (e.g., divorce, job loss), and parents' functional disabilities. Midlife adults reported their own depressive symptoms. Results: Latent profile analysis revealed four family typologies: (a) lowest problems across generations (n = 364), (b) offspring and midlife adult moderate problems, parent high physical problems and disability (n = 165), (c) offspring and parent moderate problems (n = 90), and (d) offspring highest problems (n = 14). Midlife adults in the lowest problems group (Profile a) reported higher income and fewer depressive symptoms than midlife adults in the other groups. Discussion and Implications: Midlife adults cope with challenges when grown children or parents suffer problems, and their well-being may suffer as a result. In this study, regardless of the profile, higher problems in either generation were associated with more depressive symptoms for midlife adults.

Computed tomography lymphangiography findings in 27 cases of lymphangioleiomyomatosis.

Background Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare disease involving the bronchi, lymphatic vessels, and veins. However, there are few reports about lymphatic vessel abnormalities associated with LAM. Purpose To evaluate computed tomography (CT) lymphangiography findings in cases of LAM, especially lymphatic vessel abnormalities. Material and Methods Twenty-seven patients with LAM underwent direct lymphangiography (DLG), followed by a post-procedural thoracoabdominal CT examination. Results All 27 patients were diagnosed with LAM, including 25 (93%) with chylothorax, eight (30%) with chyloperitoneum, seven (26%) with chylous fluid in the chest and abdomen, and one (4%) with lower-limb lymphedema. The CT lymphangiography showed that 27/27 (100%) patients presented iliac or retroperitoneal lymphatic vessel dilation; 20/27 (74%) presented thoracic duct outlet obstruction; 9/27 (33%) presented pleural lymph leakage; and 13/27 (48%) presented an abnormal distribution of contrast agent in the contralateral lumbar trunk, 3/27 (11%) in the pulmonary field, 1/27 (4%) in the abdominal cavity, and 4/27 (15%) in the pelvic cavity. Five of the 27 patients (19%) had retroperitoneal lymphangioleiomyomas, with contrast agent accumulation in three cases during CT lymphangiography. Two of the 27 (7%) patients had enlarged lymph nodes in the retroperitoneum. All 27 patients (100%) diagnosed with LAM displayed various lung cysts on thoracic high-resolution CT scans. Conclusion CT lymphangiography findings can be used to diagnose most LAM cases accurately. Moreover, these findings also display the various lymphatic vessel abnormalities associated with LAM.

CO2 -Responsive Nanofibrous Membranes with Switchable Oil/Water Wettability.

Responsive polymer interfacial materials are ideal candidates for controlling surface wetting behavior. Here we developed smart nanostructured electrospun polymer membranes which are capable of switching oil/water wettability using CO2 as the trigger. In particular, the combination of CO2 -responsiveness and porous nanostructure enables the as-prepared membranes to be used as a novel oil/water on-off switch. We anticipate that the promising versatility and simplicity of this system would not only open up a new way of surface wettability change regulation by gas, but also have obvious advantages in terms of highly controlled oil/water separation and CO2 applications.

Split-face comparison of intense pulsed light and nonablative 1,064-nm Q-switched laser in skin rejuvenation.

BACKGROUND: Multiple nonablative skin rejuvenation techniques have been used to improve facial aging. OBJECTIVE: To compare rejuvenation efficiency of intense pulsed light (IPL) with nonablative 1,064-nm Q-switched laser in Asian patients. MATERIALS & METHODS: Twelve female subjects were enrolled and received five sessions of treatments at 2-week intervals. A split-face study was performed, with IPL applied to the left side of the face and nonablative 1,064-nm Q-switched laser to the right side. RESULTS: All assessments showed significant skin rejuvenation. For the improvement of skin texture, pore size, and sebum secretion, similar efficiency from laser and IPL was observed. For lightening of skin tone and macula, the IPL was more efficient than the laser after the first treatment, although no further clinical improvement resulted after three treatments. The laser gradually lightened the skin tone and macula and was ultimately more efficient than the IPL after five treatments. CONCLUSION: A series of IPL and nonablative 1,064-nm Q-switched laser treatments were performed with similar efficiency and safety for the improvement in skin texture, pore size, and sebum secretion. IPL was faster, but nonablative 1,064-nm Q-switched laser was more effective in improving skin tone and macula.

[Hair removal with intense pulsed light (IPL) for hairy skin grafts].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the hair-removal effect of IPL for hairy skin grafts. METHODS: 10 patients with hairy skin grafts were treated with IPL (ELITEplus) for hair removal 3 to 5 times at intervals of 2 months. The patients received IPL(610 - 1 000 nm) with spot size of 10 mm x 50 mm, pulse width of 5 msec with a delay of 2 - 20 msec, fluence of 30 - 38.3 J/cm2 . RESULTS: The treatment was well tolerated with no need of anesthesia in all the patients. The hairs were removed completely after 3 to 5 treatments. The treated site could be washed as usual with no need of dressing. There was no blister, infection, hyperpigmentation and scarring. Only vellus were existed during the follow-up period of 6 - 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: IPL is a safe and reliable method to remove unwanted hair on skin grafts. It can be easily performed with a lower complication.

[Hair removal with intense pulsed light].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the hair-removal effect of intense pulsed light (IPL). METHODS: The unwanted hairs were removed with ELITE plus IPL. The treatment took 3 - 5 procedures, with an interval of over 2 months. 341 patients underwent the treatment. RESULTS: All the patients were well tolerant without anesthesia. The unwanted hairs were wholly removed after 3 - 5 procedures. After operation, routine cleaning and make-up were allowed and bandaging was not necessary. There were blister in 3 cases and infection in 1 case. No pigmentation and scarring happened. Following-up of 3 - 6 months showed steady results with less regeneration of very thin and soft hair. CONCLUSIONS: IPL is an ideal hair-removal method because of the credible effect, simple operation, rapid treatment and no serious complications.

[Collagen changes of allografting an acellular dermal matrix].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the collagen changes of allografting an acellular dermal matrix (allo-ADM). METHODS: The allo-ADM was grafted underneath the skin of SD rats. The content of collagen and the proportion of type I to III collagen was examined with a biochemical assay. RESULT: The content of collagen and the proportion of type I to III collagen in the allo-ADM group showed no significant changes. CONCLUSION: The allo-ADM could keep long time in the body and it may be an ideal material for soft tissue filling.