Magnetic Field Patterning of Nickel Nanowire Film Realized by Printed Precursor Inks.

This paper demonstrates an easily prepared novel material and approach to producing aligned nickel (Ni) nanowires having unique and customizable structures on a variety of substrates for electronic and magnetic applications. This is a new approach to producing printed metallic Ni structures from precursor materials, and it provides a novel technique for nanowire formation during reduction. This homogeneous solution can be printed in ambient conditions, and it forms aligned elemental Ni nanowires over large areas upon heating in the presence of a magnetic field. The use of templates or subsequent purification are not required. This technique is very flexible, and allows the preparation of unique patterns of nanowires which provides opportunities to produce structures with enhanced anisotropic electrical and magnetic properties. An example of this is the unique fabrication of aligned nanowire grids by overlaying layers of nanowires oriented at different angles with respect to each other. The resistivity of printed and cured films was found to be as low as 560 µΩ∙cm. The saturation magnetization was measured to be 30 emu∙g-1, which is comparable to bulk Ni. Magnetic anisotropy was induced with an axis along the direction of the applied magnetic field, giving soft magnetic properties.

Discovery of dual Axl/VEGF-R2 inhibitors as potential anti-angiogenic and anti-metastatic drugs for cancer chemotherapy.

Axl tyrosine kinase has been shown to be involved in multiple pathways contributing to tumor development, angiogenesis, and metastasis. High Axl expression has been observed in many human tumors where it appears to confer aggressive tumor behavior. Here we present several series of dual Axl-VEGF-R2 kinase inhibitors based on extensive optimization of an acyl diaminotriazole. It was hypothesized that dual inhibition of these two receptor tyrosine kinases may have a synergistic affect in inhibiting tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. One of these molecules, R916562 showed comparable activity to Sunitinib in two mouse tumor xenograft models and a mouse corneal micropocket model.

Gastric cancer surgery--a balance of risk and radicality.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to determine whether tailoring the extent of resection would allow radical gastric cancer surgery to be performed safely in a UK population. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 180 consecutive patients (median age 70 years; male:female ratio 2:1) undergoing resection for gastric adenocarcinoma with curative intent were studied. Extent of lymphadenectomy was based upon pre-operative and intra-operative staging, and balanced against the patient's age and fitness. RESULTS: In the study group, 83 patients underwent subtotal or distal partial gastrectomy and 97 patients underwent total or proximal partial gastrectomy. Operative procedures were: D1 lymphadenectomy (n = 62); modified (spleen and pancreas pre-serving) D2 lymphadenectomy (n = 73); D2 lymphadenectomy (n = 42); and extended resection (n = 3). TNM classification was: stage 1 (n = 45); stage 2 (n = 37); stage 3 (n = 61); and stage 4 (n = 37). Of the patients, 48 developed postoperative complications including 17 patients with a major surgical complication. The in-hospital mortality was 1.7% (3 of 180). Predicted mortality according to POSSUM and P-POSSUM was 21.4% and 7.8%, respectively. Disease-specific 5-year survival according to stage was 85.4%, 64.2%, 33.3%, and 6.9%. CONCLUSIONS: By tailoring the extent of resection and balancing risk and radicality, gastric cancer surgery can be performed with low mortality in Western patients.

Graseby MS16A and MS26 syringe drivers: reported effectiveness of an online learning programme.

Syringe drivers are commonly used within palliative care to assist with maintaining adequate symptom control. Two of the most common, the Graseby MS16A and MS26, have been associated with a number of serious clinical incidents which have been linked, in part, to inadequate training. This article reports on the results of an online learning programme on managing syringe drivers in palliative care undertaken by 5380 learners between September 2003 and October 2006. The results show that this flexible form of learning environment is acceptable to learners and can lead to improvements in both knowledge and understanding of palliative care issues. Using an online learning model allows large numbers of learners to be educated at minimal cost to either them or their organisation.

Speeding up the diagnosis of oesophago-gastric cancer.

National referral guidelines have been developed for patients with suspected oesphago-gastric cancer with the aim of reducing the delay from presentation to referral and, therefore, reducing overall delay in diagnosis. This study evaluates the impact of these guidelines and shows that they have resulted in a significant decrease in the time from referral to endoscopy for patients. Nurses can further contribute to this by increasing patient awareness of symptoms. A course is being developed to provide the necessary knowledge.