Effect of Combined Training on Body Image, Body Composition and Functional Capacity in Patients with Breast Cancer: Controlled Clinical Trial.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the effect of combined training on body image (BI), body composition and functional capacity in patients with breast cancer. As also the relationship of BI with body composition and functional capacity. METHODS: This was a Controlled Clinical Trial study, this study including 26 patients with breast cancer (30 to 59 years). The training group (n = 13) underwent 12 weeks of training, including three 60-min sessions of aerobic exercise and resistance training, and two sessions of flexibility training per week; each flexibility exercise lasted 20s. The Control Group (n = 13) received only the standard hospital treatment. Participants were evaluated at baseline and after 12 weeks. BI (primary outcomes) was assessed using the Body Image After Breast Cancer Questionnaire; Body composition was estimated with the indicators: Body mass index; Weight, Waist hip Ratio; Waist height ratio; Conicity index; Reciprocal ponderal index; Percentage of fat; Circumference of the abdomen and waist; Functional capacity by cardiorespiratory fitness (cycle ergometer) and strength (manual dynamometer). The statistic was performed in the Biostatistics and Stata 14.0 (α = 5%). RESULTS: The patients in the training group showed a reduction in the limitation dimension (p = 0.036) on BI, However, an increase in waist circumference was observed in both groups. In addition an increase in VO2max (p < 0.001) and strength in the right (p = 0.005) and left arms (p = 0.033). CONCLUSION: Combined training demonstrates to be an effective and non-pharmacological strategy to patients with breast cancer, with improvement on BI and functional capacity, changing related variables negatively when there is no physical training.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito do treinamento combinado na imagem corporal (IB), composição corporal e capacidade funcional em pacientes com câncer de mama. Assim como a relação do IB com a composição corporal e capacidade funcional. MéTODOS:: Este foi um estudo de Ensaio Clínico Controlado, este estudo incluiu 26 pacientes com câncer de mama (30 a 59 anos). O grupo de treinamento (n = 13) foi submetido a 12 semanas de treinamento, incluindo três sessões de 60 min de exercício aeróbio e treinamento de resistência, e duas sessões de treinamento de flexibilidade por semana; cada exercício de flexibilidade durou 20s. O Grupo Controle (n = 13) recebeu apenas o tratamento hospitalar padrão. Os participantes foram avaliados no início e após 12 semanas. O IB (desfechos primários) foi avaliado por meio do Body Image After Breast Cancer Questionnaire; A composição corporal foi estimada com os indicadores: índice de massa corporal; Peso, relação cintura-quadril; Relação da altura da cintura; Índice de conicidade; Índice ponderal recíproco; Porcentagem de gordura; Circunferência do abdômen e cintura; Capacidade funcional por aptidão cardiorrespiratória (cicloergômetro) e força (dinamômetro manual). A estatística foi realizada na Bioestatística e no Stata 14.0 (α = 5%). RESULTADOS: Os pacientes do grupo de treinamento apresentaram redução da dimensão da limitação (p = 0,036) no IB, porém, foi observado aumento da circunferência da cintura em ambos os grupos. Além disso, um aumento do VO2máx (p <0,001) e da força nos braços direito (p = 0,005) e esquerdo (p = 0,033). CONCLUSãO:: O treinamento combinado demonstra ser uma estratégia eficaz e não farmacológica para pacientes com câncer de mama, com melhora do IB e da capacidade funcional, alterando variáveis relacionadas negativamente quando não há treinamento físico.

The influence of mat Pilates training adherence on strength and flexibility parameters in breast cancer survivors undergoing hormone therapy.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of adherence to mat Pilates training on lower and upper body strength and flexibility in breast cancer survivors. Breast cancer survivors (≥40 years) with cancer stages 0-III undergoing hormone therapy participated in this study. For this secondary investigation only the intervention group was analyzed, divided into low and high training adherence. Participants performed a 60-min session of mat Pilates, 3 times/wk, for 24 weeks. Concentric, eccentric, and isometric hip flexor-extensor muscle peak torque, and isometric maximal strength parameters of the shoulder abductors, trunk extensors, and handgrip were assessed. Physical activity level was analyzed as a control variable. The results showed that high training adherence improved (P<0.05) left shoulder abductor strength parameters and lower and upper body flexibility compared to baseline. The low training adherence group improved (P<0.05) trunk extensors, right and left shoulder abductor strength parameters, handgrip strength, and extensor-flexor peak torque compared to baseline. There were no differences (P>0.05) between high and low adherence for physical activity level before and after the intervention. Therefore, it appears that higher training adherence most influences some strength parameters and flexibility, while fewer sessions enable the achievement of significant results for shoulder abductor and hip extensor-flexor muscle strength parameters.

Practice of physical activity and dysmobility syndrome in community-dwelling older adults.

The aim this study was to analyze the association between insufficient physical activity and dysmobility syndrome (DS) in community-dwelling older adults. In total, 375 subjects were evaluated aged ≥60 years. For the diagnosis of DS the presence of ≥3 clinical factors was considered: (a) low muscle mass; (b) low muscular strength; (c) low gait speed; (d) high body fat, and (e) osteoporosis. Information relating to the practice of habitual physical activity (HPA) was obtained using a questionnaire and accelerometry. The chi-square test was used to verify the association between HPA and DS and analysis of binary logistic regression to build multiple models. Insufficiently active older adults are approximately 2 times (95% confidence interval, 1.14-3.79) more likely to have DS, independent of body mass index, smoking and ethnicity. The insufficient practice of physical activity is associated with DS in older adults, mainly in women and older.

Treinamento concorrente e o treinamento funcional promovem alterações benéficas na composição corporal e esteatose hepática não alcoólica de jovens obesos / Concurrent training and functional training promotes beneficial changes in body composition and nonalcoholic fatty liver of obese youth

Comparar efeito do treinamento concorrente e o treinamento funcional na composição corporal, perfil lipídico e esteatose hepática não alcoólica (EHNA) em adolescentes obesos. Estudo longitudinal/analítico por amostragem não aleatória. Amostra de 49 adolescentes obesos (treinamento concorrenteENT#091;n=36ENT#093;; treinamento funcionalENT#091;n=13ENT#093;). Nos dois tipos de treinamento físico 50% de atividade aeróbia, e 50% resistida (concorrente: musculação; funcional: peso do próprio corpo e/ou pesos livres). Para distribuição normal aplicou-se Teste t de Student para dados pareados. Treinamento concorrente apresentou redução para lipoproteína de baixa densidade (-16,45%), colesterol total (-11,55%), gordura corporal (-8,52%) e gordura de tronco (-9,95%) e aumento da massa muscular (5,05%). Treinamento funcional reduziu 76,9% a ocorrência da EHNA, gordura corporal (-4,97%), gordura intra-abdominal (-19,90%), e aumento na massa muscular (4,18%). Devido ao alto acometimento da EHNA neste grupo, futuras investigações se fazem necessárias. Para tanto, o treinamento concorrente parece ser uma ferramenta útil para o tratamento da EHNA em adolescentes obesos.

To compare the effect of concurrent and functional exercise training on body composition, lipid profile and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in obese adolescents. Longitudinal/analytical study by non-random sampling carried out with 49 obese adolescents (n=36 in concurrent and n=13 in functional exercise training). Both protocols had 50% of the session designed to aerobic activities and the other half session to resistance and functional training (activities using self-body weight and dumbbells). Set data had normal distribution and the paired sample t test was applied. Concurrent exercise training decreased low density lipoprotein (-16.45%), total cholesterol (-11.55%), body fatness (-8.52%), trunk fatness (-9.95%) and increased fat free mass (5.05%). On the other hand, functional exercise training decrease body fatness (-4.97%), trunk fatness (-5.11%), intra-abdominal adiposity (-19,9%), increase fat free mass (4.18%) and occurrence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (reduction of 76.9%). Concurrent training seems a relevant tool to the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in obese adolescents.

Consumo máximo de oxigênio e fatores de risco cardiovascular em adultos jovens / Maximum uptake oxygen consumption and cardiovascular risk factors in young adults

Objetivos: Analisar a interação do consumo máximo de oxigênio com diferentes indicadores de risco cardiovascular entre adultos jovens do sexo masculino e sem histórico prévio de doenças. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com universitários. A amostra foi composta por 32 adultos jovens do sexo masculino e sem histórico prévio de doenças. Foram adotados como indicadores de risco: peso corporal, circunferência de cintura, percentual de gordura, glicemia em jejum, pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica. O consumo máximo de oxigênio foi avaliado de maneira direta em teste de esteira. A análise de variância e teste qui-quadrado analisaram os dados. Resultados: Menor consumo máximo de oxigênio associou-se com maior excesso de peso (p= 0,005), mas não com hipertensão (p= 0,059). Além disso, o mesmo associou-se com a menor ocorrência de riscos cardiovasculares. Conclusão: O consumo máximo de oxigênio é um indicador de risco mesmo entre adultos jovens sem diagnóstico prévio de doenças.

Objectives: To analyze the relationship between maximum oxygen uptake and cardiovascular risk factors among young male adults with no previously detected disease. Methods: Cross-sectional study with undergraduate subjects. The sample was composed by 32 young male adults without previously detected disease. Body weight, waist circumference, percentage body fat, fasting glucose, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were utilized as cardiovascular risk factors. Maximum oxygen uptake was assessed through treadmill test. Analysis of variance and chi-square test analyzed the data. Results: Lower maximum oxygen uptake was associated with higher overweight (p= 0,005), but not with arterial hypertension (p= 0,059). Moreover, the maximum oxygen uptake was also associated with lower occurrence of cardiovascular risk. Conclusion: The maximum oxygen uptake is an indicator of higher risk even among young adults without previously detected disease.