Comparing the effect of electronic and lecture education of pain management on the knowledge, attitude, and practice of nurses: A randomized-controlled trial.

INTRODUCTION: Efficient pain management by nursing staff initially needs accurate knowledge and proper attitude in this field. The aim of present study was to compare the effects of lecture and electronic education on the knowledge, attitude, and practice of nursing staff regarding pain management. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present superiority randomized controlled trial with two parallel arms was conducted on 78 occupied nurses of surgery wards of X. The participants were recruited randomly and divided into two groups of lecture and electronic education through random blocking (4 and 6 blocks). For allocation concealment, coded nontransparent pockets numbered 1-78 containing the type of intervention were used. Educational material was presented using teacher-centered method in lecture group, as well as through multimedia program using FLASH software in e-learning group through 1-h sessions for 4 weeks. Data on nurses were collected before and 4 weeks after the training using demographic questionnaire, Pain Management Principles Assessment Tool, Nurses' Attitude Survey, and nursing practice checklist. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 24) utilizing descriptive and analytic statistical test such as Chi-square, Fisher, independent t-test, and ANCOVA. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Mean ± standard deviation of nurses' knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding pain management had significant increase in both groups post-training (P < 0.001). According to ANCOVA the mean postintervention knowledge score in e-learning group by controlling baseline score had significant increase compared to the lecture group (adjusted mean difference [aMD] = 1.8: 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.5-2.1, P < 0.001). Furthermore, the mean of total scores of post-intervention attitude and practice in e-learning group adjusted for baseline score significantly increased compared to lecture group (aMD = 1.8: 95% CI = 1.5-2.1, P < 0.001) and (aMD = 3.2: 95% CI = 2.7-3.6, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Electronic education was more efficient than lecture education in increasing of knowledge, attitude, and practice on pain management among nursing staff.

Association between Perception of Prognosis and Spiritual Well-being among Cancer Patients.

INTRODUCTION: Disclosure of cancer prognosis is one of the most difficult challenges in caring of cancer patients. An exact effect of prognosis disclosure on spiritual well-being of cancer patient was not completely investigated. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between perception of prognosis and spiritual well-being among cancer patients. METHODS: In this descriptive-correlational study, which conducted in 2013, two hundred cancer patients referred to Shahid Ghazi Hospital and private offices of two oncologists in Tabriz participated with convenience sampling method. Perception of prognosis was investigated by Perception of Prognosis Inventory and spiritual well-being of cancer patients was investigated by Paloutzian and Ellison Inventory. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation test. RESULTS: Participants reported positive perception about the prognosis of their disease (score 11 from 15) and rated their spiritual well-being as high (score 99 from 120). There was a positive correlation between the perception of prognosis and spiritual health among cancer patients. CONCLUSION: Disclosure of cancer prognosis has negative effects on cancer patients. This result highlights the importance of considering cultural factors in disclosure of cancer prognosis. According to limitations of the present study approving these results need more studies.