Comparison of salivary MicroRNA-6734, microRNA-3123 and microRNA-4483 expression in smoker and nonsmoker patients: a case control study.

BACKGROUND: Tobacco is a major risk factor in oral diseases. Considering the important role of expression miRNA molecules in different diseases, the present study aimed to compare the expression of salivary miRNA-6734, miRNA-3123 and miRNA-4483 in smoker and non-smoker peoples. METHODS: In this case-control study, salivary samples were obtained from 30 smoker's patients and 27 healthy nonsmokers and matched in term of age and sex. RNA was extracted in salivary samples and gene expression was evaluated in all samples. Statistical analysis of data was performed using T and chi-square tests by SPSS (Ver. 16) software at a significant level of less than 0.05. RESULTS: The results of this study showed that the expression level of miRNA-3123 and miRNA-4483 in smokers group was 2.8 and 3.2, respectively, which was increased compared to non-smokers with expression level of 1 (P<0.01). There was a significant decrease in the expression rate of miRNA-6734 in smokers (0.6%) compared to non-smokers (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results of this study, considering the increasing miRNA-4483 and miRNA-3123 level, as well as the reducing miRNA-6734 level in smokers compared to non-smokers, it seems that evaluation of these two miRNAs as indicator for diagnosis and determination of prognosis of oral diseases associated with smoking can be used.

Effect of photobiomodulation therapy with different wavelengths on bone mineral density in osteoporotic rats.

Osteoporosis is associated with severe pain, bone deformity, fracture, and bone loss. It is important to find strategies to prevent bone resorption and treat osteoporosis. This study sought to assess the effect of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) with different wavelengths on bone mineral density (BMD) in osteoporotic rats. This animal study evaluated 63 adult female rats. The rats underwent ovariectomy to induce osteoporosis. Ovariectomized rats were randomly divided into 9 groups of control (OC), treatment with zoledronic acid alone (0.02 mg/kg), and treatment with 660 nm, 810 nm, and 940 nm PBMT alone (3 times a week for 6 weeks, energy density of 4 J/cm2), and combined with zoledronic acid. The healthy control group (HC) only underwent sham surgery. The rats underwent cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) 52 days after the first treatment session to measure their BMD according to the gray value (GV) of images. To assess the biomechanical properties of bone, the resected bones were subjected to 3-point bending test (3-PBT). The experimental groups had significant differences with the OC group regarding radiographic and biomechanical properties of bone (P < 0.05), indicating a healing course. No significant difference was noted between the experimental groups treated with different laser wavelengths and those treated with zoledronic acid (P > 0.05). In the condition of this study, it was found that PBMT at a constant energy density of 4 J/cm2 with 660-, 810-, and 940-nm wavelengths is effective for enhancement of bone mineral density and biomechanical properties. No significant difference was noted between different wavelengths of diode laser regarding radiographic and biomechanical properties of bone.

Comparison of salivary interleukin-6, interleukin-8, C - reactive protein levels and total antioxidants capacity of obese individuals with normal-weight ones.

Objective: Obesity is a worldwide concern that may lead to type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, etc. Several serum biomarkers have been identified in the saliva of obese individuals, including inflammatory cytokines, adipokines, insulin, and cortisol. The present study aimed to compare salivary interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and total antioxidants capacity (TAC) of obese individuals with normal-weighted ones. Methods: In this case-control study, 92 participants matched in terms of age and gender were placed into two groups according to the body mass index (BMI); case group: BMI>30 and control group: 18.5

Cariostatic effect of green tea in comparison with common anticariogenic agents: an in vitro study.

Background and aims. Anticariogenic effects of different mouthrinses have been shown previously. In this in vitro study the anticariogenic effects of polyphenol extract of green tea with 0.05% fluoride, 0.2% chlorhexidine and fluoride-chlorhexidine were compared. Materials and methods. This in vitro study was performed on 50 maxillary premolars in 5 groups: 1) normal saline; 2) a 10% solution of green tea polyphenol extract; 3) 0.05% fluoride; 4) 0.2% chlorhexidine; and 5) fluoride-chlorhexidine. Each tooth was placed in a tube which contained a cariogenic solution. Every day the teeth were washed (depending on the experimental groups) with 5 mL of mouthrinse solution. The depth of the caries was measured under a polarized light microscope. Data were analyzed using SPSS 13.0 with Kolmogorov-Smirnov, one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests. Results. The mean and standard deviation (in µm) of caries depth were 194±16.43, 175±17.94, 142±9.34, 155±13.27, and 144±8.57 in groups 1 to 5, respectively, with significant differences between the groups (P<0.001). Tukey test showed that although there was no significant difference in the depth of caries in groups 1 and 2 (P>0.001), they were significantlyless than those in groups 3 to 5 (P<0.001). There was no significant difference between decay depth of groups 3, 4 and 5 (P>0.001). Conclusion. The anticariogenic effect of fluoride-chlorhexidine was the highest among the groups. Although green tea showed higher cariostatic effects than normal saline, in comparison with other mouthrinses, it is less effective. More re-search is strongly recommended for clinical use of green tea as an anticariogenic agent.

Submandibular abscess due to an infected keratocystic odontogenic tumor associated with simultaneous occurrence of a traumatic bone cyst: a rare case report.

AIM: The aim of this report is to introduce a rare case in which an infected keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT) was initially diagnosed and treated as a dentoalveolar abscess. BACKGROUND: Keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT) is a benign neoplasm that can be secondarily infected. However, cervical soft tissue abscess formation as a result of an infected odontogenic cyst or tumor is a rare condition few of which have only been described in the existing literature. Also, there has been a single report regarding the coincidence of a traumatic bone cyst and a keratocytic odontogenic tumor to date. CASE REPORT: The patient was a 29-year-old male, complaining of fever, pain and swelling in the left submandibular region. The panoramic radiography showed a well-defined and partially corticated radiolucency between the roots of the second and third left mandibular molars. In addition, a well-corticated radiolucent lesion was incidentally found on the right side of the mandible, which, following surgical exploration, was diagnosed as a traumatic bone cyst. CONCLUSION: In the present report, an infected KCOT manifested as a cervical abscess, coincided with a traumatic bone cyst. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: From the clinical point of view, it is of paramount significance to prevent misdiagnosis of similar presentations as pulp and periapical lesions, which may lead to mistreatment and thus complications.