Agglomeration inhibition engineering of nickel-cobalt alloys by a sacrificial template for efficient urea electrolysis.

Designing efficient non-precious metal-based catalysts for urea oxidation reaction (UOR) is essential for achieving energy-saving hydrogen production and the treatment of wastewater containing ammonia. In this study, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is employed as a sacrificial template to synthesize NiCo alloy nanowires (NiCo(SDS)/CC), and the instinct formation mechanism is investigated. It is found that SDS can inhibit the Ostwald ripening during hydrothermal and calcination processes, which could release abundant active cobalt, thereby modulating the electronic structure to promote the catalytic reaction. Moreover, SDS as a sacrificial template can induce the deposition of metal atoms and increase the specific surface area of the catalyst, providing abundant active sites to accelerate the reaction kinetics. As expected, the NiCo(SDS)/CC exhibits good activity for both UOR and hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) and it requires only 1.31 V and -86 mV to obtain a current density of ±10 mA cm-2, respectively. This work provides a new strategy for reducing the agglomeration of transition metals to design high-performance composite catalysts for urea oxidation.

"Iron Ion Relative Weathering Index": A New Index for Identifying the Weathering Degree in Red Sandstone.

The red bed region in west central and southern China is affected by hot and humid climate, where sandstone is intensely weathered. The weathered hazardous rocks seriously threaten the road and slope, making it challenging to protect the Danxia red bed. After considering the red sandstone's material composition and the local area's main weathering effects. We noticed that iron ions in red sandstone are susceptible to weathering, which leads to changes in the valence and content of iron ions. This study attempts to establish a new chemical weathering index called the "iron ion relative weathering index" (IRWI) to classify the weathering degree of red sandstone. This paper mainly explores the changes of physical characteristics (mineral composition, physical indicator, microstructure, and pore structure) from the surface to the interior of red sandstone in the actual environment and their correlation with IRWI. The study on the correlation between the physical indicators such as longitudinal wave velocity, resistivity, density, water absorption, and IRWI reveals that they have the same trends and are closely related to the weathering degree. The shallow weathering zone of Chishui red sandstone is divided into strong, medium, and slight weathering zones. Microscopically, the cementation and pore distribution of the red sandstone are consistent with the characteristics of the weathering zone. Therefore, IRWI not only is a reliable chemical quantitative method in indicating the weathering of red sandstone but also takes into account the controlling role of iron in the color development of red beds, which provides a new research idea for the quantitative identification of weathering degree and color mechanism of red sandstone.

The role of long non-coding RNA in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent liver malignancy with complex etiology and generally poor prognosis. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), non-protein-coding RNA molecules exceeding 200 nucleotides, have emerged as pivotal players in HCC, influencing its initiation, progression, invasion, and metastasis. These lncRNAs modulate gene expression at epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels, actively participating in the pathological and physiological processes of HCC. Understanding the intricate relationship between lncRNAs and HCC is important for improving prognosis and reducing mortality. This review summarizes advancements in elucidating the role of lncRNAs in HCC pathogenesis.

The mechanism of action and experimental verification of Gan-song Yin on renal clear cell carcinoma based on network pharmacology and bioinformatics.

BACKGROUND: Gan-song Yin (GSY) is originated from the scripture "Gan-song Pills", a medical work of the Ningxia ethnic minorities, and its treatment of kidney diseases has good results. Its method of treating Renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is still unknown, nevertheless. METHODS: Firstly, utilizing a network pharmacology strategy to screen GSY for active components and targets and looking up KIRC-related targets in GeneCards and GEO databases. Secondly, protein interaction networks were constructed and analyzed for GO and KEGG enrichment. Molecular docking was then performed and clinical and other correlations of the network pharmacology results were analyzed using bioinformatic analysis methods. Finally, we performed in vitro cellular experiments with 786-O cells and ACHN cells to validate the results of network pharmacology and bioinformatic analysis. RESULTS: With the help of network pharmacological analysis, six hub targets were eliminated. Bioinformatics study revealed that the hub targets has clinically significant clinical guiding importance. The results showed that GSY inhibited the proliferation of 786-O cells and ACHN cells, induced cell apoptosis, blocked cell cycle, and reduced cell colony formation ability. qRT-PCR results showed that GSY promoted the expression of ALB and CASP3 genes, and inhibited the expression of EGFR, JUN, MYC and VEGFA genes. Western blot results showed that GSY could promote the expression of ALB and CASP3 protein, and inhibit the expression of EGFR, JUN, MYC and VEGFA protein. CONCLUSIONS: Network pharmacology and bioinformatics analysis showed that GSY could act on multiple targets through a variety of components to achieve the effect of treating KIRC. In this study, we confirmed that GSY inhibits KIRC by regulating the expression of core targets through in vitro cellular experiments, thus providing a reference for subsequent related studies.

Comparison of 2 Incisional Methods in Hair Transplantation.

Hair transplantation has been an effective technique for facial contour modification. Hair follicular units (FU) harvested from scalp strip is the gold-standard method for hair transplantation. The difference in obtaining FU from different shapes of scalp strips is not clear yet. Follicular units of 127 patients were harvested from scalp strip through parallelogram incision or fusiform incision from October 2017 to January 2020. The number of FU in 1 cm 2 scalp strip were calculated and paired t test were used to compare the difference in hair follicle acquirement rate between 2 incisions. The number and acquisition rate of FU by parallelogram incision were significantly higher than that by fusiform incision. Therefore, parallelogram incision might be more suitable to harvest FU for hair transplantation surgery.

Budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 1 might be a poor prognosis biomarker promoting the progression of papillary thyroid cancer.

BACKGROUND: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is one of the most widespread malignant tumors of the endocrine system, with a high incidence. Budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 1 (BUB1), one of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) genes, is a multitask protein kinase required for eukaryotic chromosome segregation. Although BUB1 has been explored in several types of cancer, its biological role and molecular mechanisms in PTC remain unclear. METHODS: In this study, we performed an examination of four public datasets along with local PTC cohorts and discovered that BUB1 was elevated in PTC compared to non-cancer tissues. High BUB1 expression was linked with the status of BRAFV600E , RAS, and TERT after statistical analysis. RESULTS: Clinically, BUB1 is associated with a variety of clinicopathological features in PTC patients. Interestingly, analysis of the TCGA database showed that BUB1 was closely associated with poor prognosis of PTC and significantly correlated with PFS. As determined by regression analysis, BUB1, and T stage were independent predictors of PTC and were related to BRAFV600E and lymph node metastatic status. By RT-qPCR, BUB1 was considerably overexpressed in PTC cell lines in comparison with normal thyroid epithelial cells. CONCLUSION: We confirmed that the knockdown of BUB1 in BCPAP and TPC1 cell lines significantly inhibited cell proliferation, cloning, and migration in vitro experiments. These results imply that BUB1 may be a significant oncogenic gene that is directly associated with the prognosis of PTC and may represent a future target for therapeutic intervention.

Expression of αA-crystallin (CRYAA) in vivo and in vitro models of age-related cataract and the effect of its silencing on HLEB3 cells.

AIM: To investigate the expression of αA-crystallin (CRYAA) in age-related cataract (ARC) models and its role in lens epithelial cells (LECs). METHODS: We used Flow cytometry to detect the apoptosis and cell cycle in HLEB3 cells and Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction to detect the expression of CRYAA mRNA in HLEB3 and in rabbit lens. The expression of CRYAA in HLEB3 cells and rabbit lenses as well as the proteins related to apoptosis and autophagy in transfected cells were detected by western blotting. The lens structure in rabbits was investigated using hematoxylin-eosin staining. Protein thermostability assay was performed to detect the thermal stability of rabbit lens proteins. CCK- 8 assay was used to detect the viability of transfected cells, and the transfection was recorded by fluorescence photography. RESULTS: Hydrogen peroxide can promote apoptosis and arrest the cell cycle in HLEB3 cells, and naphthalene can cause cataract formation and damage the structure of the lens in rabbits. Both ARC models can reduce the expression of CRYAA. The expression of CRYAA silencing increased apoptosis and autophagy in HLEB3 cells.

Y-box binding protein 1 influences zygotic genome activation by regulating N6-methyladenosine in porcine embryos.

Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX1) is a member of the family of DNA- and RNA-binding proteins that play crucial roles in multiple aspects, including RNA stabilization, translational repression, and transcriptional regulation; however, its roles in embryo development remain less known. In this study, to investigate the function of YBX1 and its mechanism of action in porcine embryo development, YBX1 was knocked down by microinjecting YBX1 siRNA at the one-cell stage. YBX1 is located in the cytoplasm during embryonic development. The mRNA level of YBX1 was increased from the four-cell stage to the blastocyst stage but was significantly decreased in YBX1 knockdown embryos compared with the control. Moreover, the percentage of blastocysts was decreased following YBX1 knockdown compared with the control. Defecting YBX1 expression increased maternal gene mRNA expression and decreased zygotic genome activation (ZGA) gene mRNA expression and histone modification owing to decreased levels of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) writer N6-adenosine-methyltransferase 70 kDa subunit (METTL3) and reader insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein (IGF2BP1). In addition, IGF2BP1 knockdown showed that YBX1 regulated the ZGA process through m6A modification. In conclusion, YBX1 is essential for early embryo development because it regulates the ZGA process.

Knock-down of YME1L1 induces mitochondrial dysfunction during early porcine embryonic development.

YME1L1, a mitochondrial metalloproteinase, is an Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent metalloproteinase and locates in the mitochondrial inner membrane. The protease domain of YME1L1 is oriented towards the mitochondrial intermembrane space, which modulates the mitochondrial GTPase optic atrophy type 1 (OPA1) processing. However, during embryonic development, there is no report yet about the role of YME1L1 on mitochondrial biogenesis and function in pigs. In the current study, the mRNA level of YME1L1 was knocked down by double strand RNA microinjection to the 1-cell stage embryos. The expression patterns of YME1L1 and its related proteins were performed by immunofluorescence and western blotting. To access the biological function of YME1L1, we first counted the preimplantation development rate, diameter, and total cell number of blastocyst on day-7. First, the localization of endogenous YME1L1 was found in the punctate structures of the mitochondria, and the expression level of YME1L1 is highly expressed from the 4-cell stage. Following significant knock-down of YME1L1, blastocyst rate and quality were decreased, and mitochondrial fragmentation was induced. YME1L1 knockdown induced excessive ROS production, lower mitochondrial membrane potential, and lower ATP levels. The OPA1 cleavage induced by YME1L1 knockdown was prevented by double knock-down of YME1L1 and OMA1. Moreover, cytochrome c, a pro-apoptotic signal, was released from the mitochondria after the knock-down of YME1L1. Taken together, these results indicate that YME1L1 is essential for regulating mitochondrial fission, function, and apoptosis during porcine embryo preimplantation development.

Alpha-lipoic acid attenuates heat stress-induced apoptosis via upregulating the heat shock response in porcine parthenotes.

Heat stress (HS) is a long-standing hurdle that animals face in the living environment. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is a strong antioxidant synthesized by plants and animals. The present study evaluated the mechanism of ALA action in HS-induced early porcine parthenotes development. Parthenogenetically activated porcine oocytes were divided into three groups: control, high temperature (HT) (42 °C for 10 h), and HT + ALA (with 10 µM ALA). The results show that HT treatment significantly reduced the blastocyst formation rate compared to the control. The addition of ALA partially restored the development and improved the quality of blastocysts. Moreover, supplementation with ALA not only induced lower levels of reactive oxygen species and higher glutathione levels but also markedly reduced the expression of glucose regulatory protein 78. The protein levels of heat shock factor 1 and heat shock protein 40 were higher in the HT + ALA group, which suggests activation of the heat shock response. The addition of ALA reduced the expression of caspase 3 and increased the expression of B-cell lymphoma-extra-large protein. Collectively, this study revealed that ALA supplementation ameliorated HS-induced apoptosis by suppressing oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stresses via activating the heat shock response, which improved the quality of HS-exposed porcine parthenotes.

Ru Supported on p-phthalic acid-Mn Derived from a Mn Metal-Organic Framework for Thermo- and Electrocatalytic Synthesis of Ethylene-D4 Glycol.

Deuterium-labeled polyols are one of the most extensive applied chemicals in biochemistry and biophysics. However, the deuteriation still is insufficient, exhibiting a low deuterated ratio and indistinct reaction mechanism. Herein, Ru supported on MnBCD (MnBDC, derived from Mn p-phthalic acid metal-organic framework) as nanocatalyst with an agglomerated sheet-type structure; this allows the possibility of achieving both thermo- and electrocatalytic hydrogen isotope exchange (HIE) reaction. Furthermore, XPS characterization confirmed that the specific structural changes in the electron density of Ru outer layers were modulated through the impregnation and reduction processes. According to the change of outer electronic structure, hydrogen spillover and electron-rich flow promote the reaction of the catalyst in thermo- and electrocatalytic systems, respectively. In addition, the results indicate that a high deuterated ratio of 97 % can be obtained, hence the catalytic technology has enormous potential for the synthesis of a broad variety of deuterium-labeled compounds.

Study on the preparation and biological activities of low molecular weight squid ink polysaccharide from Sepiella maindroni.

Sepiella maindroni ink polysaccharide (SIP) from the ink of cuttlefish Sepiella maindroni and its sulfated derivative (SIP-SII) have been demonstrated to possess diverse biological activities. But little is known about low molecular weight squid ink polysaccharides (LMWSIPs). In this study, LMWSIPs were prepared by acidolysis, and the fragments with molecular weight (Mw) distribution in the ranges of 7 kDa to 9 kDa, 5 kDa to 7 kDa and 3 kDa to 5 kDa were grouped and named as LMWSIP-1, LMWSIP-2 and LMWSIP-3, respectively. The structural features of LMWSIPs were elucidated, and their anti-tumor, antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities were also studied. The results showed that with the exception of LMWSIP-3, the main structures of LMWSIP-1 and LMWSIP-2 did not change compared with SIP. Though there were no significant differences in the antioxidant capacity between LMWSIPs and SIP, the anti-tumor and immunomodulatory activities of SIP were enhanced to a certain extent after degradation. It is particularly noteworthy that the activities of LMWSIP-2 in anti-proliferation, promoting apoptosis and inhibiting migration of tumor cells as well as promoting the proliferation of spleen lymphocytes were significantly higher than those of SIP and the other degradation products, which is promising in the anti-tumor pharmaceutical field.

Adenovirus Vaccine Containing Truncated SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein S1 Subunit Leads to a Specific Immune Response in Mice.

The development of an efficient and safe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine is a crucial approach for managing the severe acute respiratory disease coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic in light of current conditions. In this study, we produced a shortened segment of the optimized SARS-CoV-2 spike gene (2043 bp, termed S1) that was able to encode a truncated S1 protein. The protein was tested to determine if it could elicit efficient immunization in mice against SARS-CoV-2. The presence of the S1 protein was confirmed with immunofluorescence and Western blotting. An adenovirus vaccine bearing the S1 gene fragment (Ad-S1) was administered intramuscularly to mice four times over 4 weeks. SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein humoral immunity was demonstrated in all immunized mice. The serum from immunized mice demonstrated excellent anti-infection activity in vitro. A robust humoral immune response against SARS-CoV-2 was observed in the mice after vaccination with Ad-S1, suggesting that the adenovirus vaccine may aid the development of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and other genetically distinct viruses.

S100A6 promotes the development of thyroid cancer and inhibits apoptosis of thyroid cancer cells through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

High levels of S100A6 have been associated with progression in some types of human cancers. Cancers related to S100A6 have been reported to include lung cancer, cervical cancer, pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, etc., but its role in the molecular pathogenesis of these cancers is largely unknown. This study investigated the expression and functional roles of S100A6 in human thyroid cancer. The expression level of S100A6 in thyroid cancer cells was determined by bioinformatics and transcriptomic analysis. Furthermore, the potential functions of S100A6 in tumorigenesis were analyzed by cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and Western blot assays in human thyroid cancer cells. Public database queries revealed high S100A6 expression in thyroid cancer. In addition, we also found that high expression of S100A6 was positively correlated with malignant clinicopathological characteristics of thyroid cancer in The Cancer Genome Atlas database. qPCR results confirmed the high expression of S100A6 in thyroid cancer cells. S100A6 silencing inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Western blot assays and response experiments showed that S100A6 promotes cell proliferation and tumorigenicity partly through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. These results suggest that S100A6 affects the progression of thyroid cancer and can be used as a target in the future treatment of thyroid cancer.

YY1 was indispensable for the alleviation of quercetin on diabetic nephropathy-associated tubulointerstitial inflammation.

BACKGROUND: The emergence of tubulointerstitial inflammation (TI) could accelerate the development of tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Yin Yang 1 (YY1) was a new pro-inflammatory mediator and became the important target of DN-related TIF. Quercetin performed an effective role in anti-inflammation and was probable to bind to YY1. However, the role of YY1 in quercetin's anti-inflammatory effect on DN-related TIF was uncovered. PURPOSE: To investigate the potential effect and mechanism of quercetin against DN-related TI. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: The protein levels of YY1 were examined in the renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) of db/db mice and HG-cultured HK-2 cells. Molecular modeling studies and YY1 overexpression lentivirus vector were selected to further confirm the indispensable part of YY1 in quercetin's TI protection in vitro. Luciferase assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay were carried out to identify whether YY1 directly regulated IL-6/STAT3 signaling by binding to the IL-6 promoter in quercetin's TI protection in vitro. At last, the important role of YY1-mediated IL-6/STAT3 signaling in quercetin's TIF protection effect was further identified by using of YY1 overexpression lentivirus vector and IL-6 specific inhibitor tocilizumab. RESULTS: Along with the alleviated tubulointerstitial injury by quercetin in the RTECs of db/db mice and HK-2 cells stimulated by HG, YY1-mediated IL-6/STAT-3 pathway involved in TI protection of quercetin in vivo and in vitro. Quercetin bound to YY1 and decreased its protein expression, and YY1 directly suppressed IL-6 transcription by bounding to its promoter, resulting in the alleviation of inflammation by inactivating of IL-6/STAT-3 pathway in vitro. YY1-mediated IL-6/STAT-3 pathway was also indispensable for the alleviation of quercetin on DN-associated TIF. CONCLUSION: YY1 could not be absent from quercetin's anti-inflammatory effect on DN-associated TIF via alleviating IL-6/STAT-3 pathway mediated TI.

Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Versus Conventional Radiation Therapy in Pain Relief for Bone Metastases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the difference in pain relief between stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) and conventional radiation therapy (cRT) for patients with bone metastases. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Clinical trials and observational studies comparing SBRT versus cRT for bone metastases were retrieved. The main endpoint was pain relief after radiation therapy; the secondary endpoints were pain score change, local progression-free survival, reirradiation rate, and toxic events. When there was a significant heterogeneity, the random-effects model was applied. Otherwise, the fixed-effects model was used. Analyses of all included studies were performed first, followed by analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) only. RESULTS: Six RCTs, 1 prospective cohort study, and 3 retrospective observational studies were enrolled. Between 2004 and 2019, 448 patients received SBRT, and 445 patients received cRT. All prospective studies defined the lesions as oligometastatic. Pooled results based on all included studies indicated that SBRT was generally associated with a higher overall relief rate (P < .001 at 3 months; P = .015 at 6 months) and complete relief rate (P = .029 at 1 month; P < .001 at 6 months). Pooled results based on RCTs indicated that at 3 and 6 months, SBRT was associated with a higher overall relief rate (P < .001 and P = .017, respectively) and complete relief rate (P < .001 and P < .00, respectively). Subgroup analyses indicated that in more cases, the analgesic advantage of SBRT was more obvious when spinal lesions were irradiated, when the difference in the mean biological effective dose (BED) was less, or when intensity modulated radiation therapy was used to deliver SBRT. CONCLUSIONS: Excessive elevation of BED introduces the risk of diminishing the analgesic effect of SBRT. SBRT delivered using intensity modulated radiation therapy is preferred for pain relief in spinal oligometastases. More RCTs are required to determine the most appropriate BED or dose regimen for SBRT.

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate protects porcine oocytes against post-ovulatory aging through inhibition of oxidative stress.

Increased levels of oxidative stress are major factors that drive the process of post-ovulatory oocyte aging. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), which accounts for up to 50% of the catechins, possesses versatile biological functions, including preventing or treating diabetes, cancer, and heart diseases. The aim of this study was to explore whether EGCG can delay porcine oocyte aging by preventing oxidative stress. Metaphase II (MII) oocytes were cultured for 48 h with different concentrations of EGCG (0-100 µM) in vitro as a post-ovulatory aging model. An optimal concentration of 5 µM EGCG maintained oocyte morphology and developmental competence during aging. The oocytes were randomly divided into five groups: fresh, 24 h control, 24 h EGCG, 48 h control, and 48 h EGCG. The results suggest that EGCG significantly prevents aging-induced oxidative stress, glutathione (GSH) reduction, apoptosis, and autophagy. Moreover, mitochondria DNA copy number was decreased, and the number of active mitochondria and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels significantly increased by supplementation with EGCG. Thus, EGCG has a preventive role against aging in porcine post-ovulatory oocytes due to its ability to inhibit oxidative stress and promote mitochondrial biogenesis.

Laboratory Indicators for Identifying Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Severity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to study laboratory indicators for the identification of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) severity. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Web of Science for literature that was published before May 2022. The main results are presented as forest plots. Subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses, and publication bias were also performed. RESULTS: Our study indicated that white blood cells (WBC) (95%CI: 0.205-0.778), blood glucose (95%CI: 0.505-0.778), lymphocytes (95%CI: 0.072-0.239), creatinine (95%CI: 0.024-0.228), interleukin (IL)-2 (95%CI: 0.192-1.642), IL-6 (95%CI: 0.289-0.776), IL-8 (95%CI: 0.499-0.867), IL-10 (95%CI: 0.226-0.930), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) (95%CI: 0.193-2.584), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (95%CI: 1.078-2.715), and creatine kinase MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) (95%CI: 0.571-1.459) were associated with an increased risk of HFMD severity, and the results of the sensitivity analysis of these indicators were stable and free of publication bias. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that various deleterious immune and metabolic changes can increase the risk of HFMD severity, which can provide a basis for predicting the prognosis and useful evidence for clinicians to manage patients efficiently.

The Overexpression and Clinical Significance of AP1S1 in Breast Cancer.

Purpose: To explore the mechanism of AP1S1 in breast cancer. Methods and Results: In different datasets, we found that AP1S1 is more highly expressed in breast tumors, which was furthermore verified in our local cohort.Immune infiltration analysis showed that AP1S1 was related to a variety of immune cells. The higher AP1S1 expression was negatively correlated with a variety of immune infiltrating cells, suggesting that AP1S1 may affect cellular immunity.Clinical analysis showed that patients with higher AP1S1 expression had higher estrogen receptor gene expression and were more prone to distant metastasis and lymph node metastasis.The overall survival rate, disease-specific survival rate, and progression-free interval time were worse in the group with higher AP1S1 expression. AP1S1 may be a potential oncogene of breast cancer, and overexpression is related to the poor prognosis of breast cancer.Therefore, a nomogram was constructed, along with correlated gene analysis and functional analysis to further explore the carcinogenic mechanism, practical clinical issues, and value of AP1S1. Conclusion: AP1S1 is a potential oncogene of breast cancer.

Non-Assisted Hatching Trophectoderm Biopsy Does Not Increase The Risks of Most Adverse Maternal and Neonatal Outcome and May Be More Practical for Busy Clinics: Evidence From China.

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted in order to investigate whether non-assisted hatching trophectoderm (TE) biopsy increases the risks of adverse perinatal outcomes in livebirths following elective single cryopreserved-thawed blastocyst transfer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 5,412 cycles from 4,908 women who achieved singleton livebirths between 2013 and 2019 were included in this retrospective cohort study. All embryos in this study were fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and cryopreserved through vitrification. The main intervention is to open the zona pellucida (ZP) of day 5/6 blastocyst immediately for biopsy without pre-assisted hatching. The main outcome measures are the common maternal and neonatal outcomes, including hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), abnormal placentation, abnormalities in umbilical cord and amniotic fluid, preterm birth, cesarean section, low birth weight, postpartum hemorrhage, and prolonged hospital stay (both mothers and infants). The generalized estimation equation (GEE) was used to control the effects of repeated measurements. The non-conditional logistic regression model was used to examine the associations between embryo biopsy status and each adverse perinatal event. Given that the selection bias and changes in learning curve might affect the results, we selected 1,086 similar (matching tolerance = 0.01) cycles from the ICSI group via propensity score matching (PSM) for second comparisons and adjustment (conditional logistic regression). RESULTS: After adjusting for confounders, we confirmed that the non-assisted hatching protocol did not increase the risks of most adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Despite this, there were increased risks of GDM (aOR: 1.522, 95% CI: 1.141-2.031) and umbilical cord abnormalities (aOR: 11.539, 95% CI: 1.199-111.067) in the biopsy group. In the second comparisons after PSM, GDM incidence in the biopsy group was still higher (7.26% vs. 5.16%, P = 0.042), yet all measurement outcomes were equally likely to occur in both groups after the second adjustment. CONCLUSIONS: The non-assisted hatching TE biopsy does not increase the risks of most adverse perinatal outcomes. However, there is a higher GDM incidence in the biopsy group, and this association warrants further study. Considering its safety and simplicity, the non-assisted hatching protocol has the potential to become the preferred option for TE biopsy, especially in busy clinics and IVF laboratories.