A case of atypical meningioma presenting spontaneous infarction: the findings of magnetic resonance imaging, including amide proton transfer-chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging.

We report the MRI findings of a patient with an atypical meningioma who presented with spontaneous infarction. A 67-year-old man with histories of recurrent meningioma complained of left ocular protrusion and a subsequent biopsy revealed atypical meningioma. Contrast-enhanced CT showed a uniformly enhancing tumour in the left ethmoid sinus, but MRI 2 days later showed no enhancement on Gd-T1WI and severe diffusion restriction on DWI, indicating spontaneous infarction. APT-CEST imaging showed slight hypointensity in comparison to the normal brain with a mean MTR asymmetry value of 0.48%. Tumour regrowth was confirmed on MRI after 2 months. The recurrent tumour showed moderate diffusion restriction on DWI and hyperintensity with a mean MTR asymmetry value of 2.59% on APT-CEST imaging. The decreased signal on APT-CEST at the time of spontaneous infarction may have been attributed to intratumoral acidosis and loss of viable tumour. APT-CEST imaging is useful for evaluating the intratumoral condition and tumour viability of the infarcted or ischemic tumour.

Longitudinal changes in renal volumes evaluated by automated three-dimensional volumetric computed tomography of the whole kidney: The association with the renal function and disease progression.

PURPOSE: To clarify the changes in the total renal volume over time with changes of the renal function using automated 3D volumetric CT of the whole kidney and to evaluate the usefulness of the total renal volume CT measurement in predicting chronic kidney disease (CKD) grade progression. METHODS: A total of 961 patients who underwent abdominal CT at least twice (an interval of more than 4 years) were included. The automated 3D volumetric CT measurement of the whole kidney was performed at the initial and latest CT examination. Patients with CKD grade G2 at the time of the initial CT were divided into two groups: a progression group (CKD grade progressed to G3-G5) and a non-progression group. Changes in the renal volume over time were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The volume of both kidneys measured on initial CT was positively correlated with eGFR (ρ = 0.490, p < 0.001). There was a significant difference in the initial volume of both kidneys among CKD grades (p < 0.001, G1:318.7 ± 60.5 ml, G2:275.5 ± 53.5 ml, G3:233.7 ± 46.9 ml, G4:183.2 ± 22.5 ml, G5:157.7 ± 77.4 ml). When comparing the progression and non-progression groups, the initial volume of both kidneys was significantly smaller in the progression group, compared with the non-progression group (252.0 ± 50.6 ml vs. 278.9 ± 53.7 ml). In addition, the annual reduction volume in both the right and left kidneys was significantly greater in the progression group than in the non-progression group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The automated 3D volumetric CT measurement of the whole kidney has the potential to monitor changes in renal volume over time with changes of the renal function.