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Background: Pleural fluid residue, or macroscopic tissue, circulating freely in the pleural fluid obtained through direct filtration, may carry diagnostic histopathological information. We aimed to determine the histopathological concordance of pleural fluid residue in diagnosing TPE and MPE, compared with conventional pleural biopsy. This was a prospective cohort study of consecutive inpatients with cytology-negative exudative effusion who underwent pleuroscopy and had their initial suctioned pleural fluid filtered for residue samples. Pleural fluid residue demonstrated malignant cells in four out of seven cases of pleural biopsy-confirmed malignancy. Pleural fluid residue has comparable cytomorphology but reduced cellularity compared with pleural biopsy. No tuberculous histological features were present in the pleural fluid residue samples. In this preliminary study pleural fluid residue provided histopathological information for malignant pleural effusion, but no incremental diagnostic information for tuberculous effusion. However larger and more definitive studies are required to clarify these findings, and to explore the utility and suitability of pleural fluid residue for mutational analysis. What the study adds: This study demonstrates the potential of pleural fluid residue as a non-invasive diagnostic method for confirming malignancy in cytology-negative exudative effusion. What are the implications of the findings: In resource-limited settings or patients contraindicated for pleural biopsy, pleural fluid residue may provide a viable diagnostic alternative; however, this observation needs further validation.
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Abstract Serum toxic metals have been implicated in development of many diseases. This study investigated the association between blood levels of lead and cadmium with abnormal bone mineral density (BMD) and incidence of osteoporosis. Sixty Saudi male adults age matching were assigned into two groups: A healthy control group (n = 30) and osteoporosis patients diagnosed according to T-score (n = 30). Serum calcium, vitamin D, osteocalcin, lead, cadmium were measured. Osteoporotic group showed a highly significant elevation of blood lead and cadmium levels compared to the control group (p <0.001). BMD was negatively correlated with serum osteocalcin level compared with control. There was a significant negative correlation between the cadmium and lead levels (r=-0.465 and p-value = 0.01) and calcium (p < 0.004). Our findings suggested that high cadmium and lead were negative correlated to BMD and increased the risk factor for osteoporosis.
Resumo Os metais tóxicos do soro têm sido implicados no desenvolvimento de muitas doenças. Este estudo investigou a associação entre os níveis sanguíneos de chumbo e cádmio com densidade mineral óssea anormal (DMO) e incidência de osteoporose. Sessenta adultos sauditas do sexo masculino com idades iguais foram divididos em dois grupos: um grupo de controle saudável (n = 30) e pacientes com osteoporose diagnosticados de acordo com o T-score (n = 30). Cálcio sérico, vitamina D, osteocalcina, chumbo, cádmio foram medidos. O grupo osteoporótico apresentou elevação altamente significativa dos níveis de chumbo e cádmio no sangue em comparação ao grupo controle (p < 0,001). A DMO foi negativamente correlacionada com o nível de osteocalcina sérica em comparação com o controle. Houve correlação negativa significativa entre os níveis de cádmio e chumbo (r = -0,465 ep = 0,01) e cálcio (p < 0,004). Nossos achados sugeriram que cádmio e chumbo elevados foram correlacionados negativamente à DMO e aumentaram o fator de risco para osteoporose.
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Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Osteoporose/epidemiologia , Chumbo , Arábia Saudita/epidemiologia , Absorciometria de Fóton , Osteocalcina , IncidênciaRESUMO
Serum toxic metals have been implicated in development of many diseases. This study investigated the association between blood levels of lead and cadmium with abnormal bone mineral density (BMD) and incidence of osteoporosis. Sixty Saudi male adults age matching were assigned into two groups: A healthy control group (n = 30) and osteoporosis patients diagnosed according to T-score (n = 30). Serum calcium, vitamin D, osteocalcin, lead, cadmium were measured. Osteoporotic group showed a highly significant elevation of blood lead and cadmium levels compared to the control group (p <0.001). BMD was negatively correlated with serum osteocalcin level compared with control. There was a significant negative correlation between the cadmium and lead levels (r=-0.465 and p-value = 0.01) and calcium (p < 0.004). Our findings suggested that high cadmium and lead were negative correlated to BMD and increased the risk factor for osteoporosis.
Os metais tóxicos do soro têm sido implicados no desenvolvimento de muitas doenças. Este estudo investigou a associação entre os níveis sanguíneos de chumbo e cádmio com densidade mineral óssea anormal (DMO) e incidência de osteoporose. Sessenta adultos sauditas do sexo masculino com idades iguais foram divididos em dois grupos: um grupo de controle saudável (n = 30) e pacientes com osteoporose diagnosticados de acordo com o T-score (n = 30). Cálcio sérico, vitamina D, osteocalcina, chumbo, cádmio foram medidos. O grupo osteoporótico apresentou elevação altamente significativa dos níveis de chumbo e cádmio no sangue em comparação ao grupo controle (p < 0,001). A DMO foi negativamente correlacionada com o nível de osteocalcina sérica em comparação com o controle. Houve correlação negativa significativa entre os níveis de cádmio e chumbo (r = -0,465 ep = 0,01) e cálcio (p < 0,004). Nossos achados sugeriram que cádmio e chumbo elevados foram correlacionados negativamente à DMO e aumentaram o fator de risco para osteoporose.
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Masculino , Humanos , Adulto , Chumbo/toxicidade , Cádmio/toxicidade , Osteocalcina/análise , Osteoporose/sangue , Vitamina D/análiseRESUMO
Abstract Serum toxic metals have been implicated in development of many diseases. This study investigated the association between blood levels of lead and cadmium with abnormal bone mineral density (BMD) and incidence of osteoporosis. Sixty Saudi male adults age matching were assigned into two groups: A healthy control group (n = 30) and osteoporosis patients diagnosed according to T-score (n = 30). Serum calcium, vitamin D, osteocalcin, lead, cadmium were measured. Osteoporotic group showed a highly significant elevation of blood lead and cadmium levels compared to the control group (p 0.001). BMD was negatively correlated with serum osteocalcin level compared with control. There was a significant negative correlation between the cadmium and lead levels (r=-0.465 and p-value = 0.01) and calcium (p 0.004). Our findings suggested that high cadmium and lead were negative correlated to BMD and increased the risk factor for osteoporosis.
Resumo Os metais tóxicos do soro têm sido implicados no desenvolvimento de muitas doenças. Este estudo investigou a associação entre os níveis sanguíneos de chumbo e cádmio com densidade mineral óssea anormal (DMO) e incidência de osteoporose. Sessenta adultos sauditas do sexo masculino com idades iguais foram divididos em dois grupos: um grupo de controle saudável (n = 30) e pacientes com osteoporose diagnosticados de acordo com o T-score (n = 30). Cálcio sérico, vitamina D, osteocalcina, chumbo, cádmio foram medidos. O grupo osteoporótico apresentou elevação altamente significativa dos níveis de chumbo e cádmio no sangue em comparação ao grupo controle (p 0,001). A DMO foi negativamente correlacionada com o nível de osteocalcina sérica em comparação com o controle. Houve correlação negativa significativa entre os níveis de cádmio e chumbo (r = -0,465 ep = 0,01) e cálcio (p 0,004). Nossos achados sugeriram que cádmio e chumbo elevados foram correlacionados negativamente à DMO e aumentaram o fator de risco para osteoporose.
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Objectives: Clinical empathy is an important predictor of patient outcomes. Several factors affect physician's empathy and client perceptions. We aimed to assess the association between physician and client perception of clinical empathy, accounting for client, physician, and health system factors. Methods: We conducted a hospital-based cross-sectional study in 3 departments (family medicine, internal medicine, and surgery) of King Saud Medical City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. We interviewed 30 physicians and 390 clients from 3 departments. Physicians completed the Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE) and the clients responded to the Jefferson Scale of Patient Perceptions of Physician Empathy (JSPPPE). We used a hierarchical multilevel generalized structural equation approach to model factors associated with JSE and JSPPPE and their inter-relationship. Results: Mean (SD) score of client-rated physician empathy was 26.6 (6) and that of physician self-rated was 111 (12.8). We found no association between the 2 (b = 0.06; 95% confidence intervals CI: -0.1, 0.21), even after adjusting for client, physician, and health system factors. Physician's nationality (0.49; 0.12, 0.85), adequate consultation time (1.05; 0.72, 1.38), and trust (1.33; 0.9, 1.75) were positively associated whereas chronic disease (-0.32; -0.56, -0.07) and higher waiting times (-0.26; -0.47, -0.05) were negatively associated. Conclusion: A physician's self-assessed empathy does not correlate with clients' perception. We recommend training and monitoring to enhance clinical empathy.
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Campanacci grade 3 distal radius giant cell tumors are difficult to treat and just doing a curettage and bone grafting is insufficient. These lesions are associated with a high chance of recurrence. We are presenting our technique and series of 5 patients who underwent enbloc excision and ulna transposition with ulno-scapholunate fusion. Between 2014 and 2017 5 patients underwent en bloc excision of Campanacci grade 3 giant cell tumor of the distal radius, ulna transposition and ulno carpal fusion. These patients were regularly followed for evidence of union, range of motion, grip strength, and to look for recurrence of tumor. All 5 patients were Campanacci grade 3 tumors. The average duration of symptoms was 5 months (1 to 9 mo). The average duration of follow-up was 33 months (24 to 48 mo). The average time for ulno-scapholuante fusion was 8 weeks (6 to 10 wk) and the average time to radio ulnar fusion was 14.5 weeks (12 to 16 wk). The average arc of wrist flexion and extension was 34 degrees. The average grip strength was 58.2% of the contralateral side (48% to 69%). In conclusion vascularized ulnar transposition with partial wrist fusion for a Camapanacci grade 3 giant cell tumor is an alternate procedure in the management of these difficult tumors.
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Neoplasias Ósseas , Tumor de Células Gigantes do Osso , Neoplasias Ósseas/cirurgia , Tumor de Células Gigantes do Osso/cirurgia , Humanos , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia , Rádio (Anatomia)/cirurgia , Ulna/cirurgiaRESUMO
This work focuses on the environment protected, ecological procedure by the combination of ZnO nanoparticles utilizing the extraction of Ocimum sanctum. The prepared nanoparticles are examined by different methods like Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX). A systematic study has been made on the result of ZnO nano-coating for the corrosion behavior of mild steel. The ZnO nanoparticles of average diameter in the range 18-22 nm were coated on mild steel in nickel bath solution. The anticorrosion properties on the coated mild steel was carefully tested in 3.5% NaCl solution by performing potentio-dynamic polarization measurement and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Surface morphology of the coated mild steel immersed in corrosive solution was judged by using SEM with EDAX. The ZnO nano coating has shown a perfect protection against corrosion and the shielding capability is in the range between 86-95%. The incorporation of ZnO nanoparticles has upgraded the process of mild steel in all corrosion media are subjected to investigation.
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A flower like cobalt oxide nanostructured thin film (Co2O3) on Nickel (Ni) plate as have been successfully developed via alcoholic Seed Layer assisted chemical bath Deposition (SLD) process. Through the controlled alkaline electrolytes, the flower and paddles like Co2O3 nanoarchitectures were formed. The prepared thin film was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-ray (SEM and EDX), Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), Raman spectroscopy techniques. Electron micrograph reveals the flower and paddles like nanostructured Co2O3 thin film deposited on Ni plates. The electrochemical characteristics were investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV), charge-discharge and AC impedance spectroscopy in different aqueous electrolytes such as NaOH, KOH, and LiOH. The maximum specific capacitance of 856 Fg-1 was attained with 2 M KOH electrolyte with 2 mVs-1 of the Co2O3 thin film coated Ni plate at 80 °C using SLD method. The capacitance values obtained with various electrolytes are in the order of KOH > NaOH > LiOH. The results indicate that the present method is economical and the material is ecofriendly with enhanced capacitance property.
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INTRODUCTION: Rituximab (R)-CHOP improves survival over CHOP in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The availability of biosimilar rituximab in India has increased access of this drug. We report on the impact of treatment on outcomes with special emphasis on the impact of biosimilar rituximab and radiation. METHODS: Outcomes of adults (age 15-60 years) treated with CHOP+/- Rituximab radiation were analyzed retrospectively to look at baseline features, treatment, and event-free and overall survival (EFS and OS). RESULTS: In the period 2000-2013, 444 patients (median age 47 years: 15-60; males: 288 [65%]; Stage III/IV: 224 [50%]; age-adjusted international prognostic index [aaIPI] Score 2 or 3 in 50%) received either CHOP (n = 325 [73%]) or RCHOP (n = 119 [27%]) therapy. Biosimilar rituximab and the original were used in 95 (80%) and 24 (20%) patients, respectively. Radiation was given in 134 (30%) patients (Stages I and II, 100/220 [45%] and Stages III and IV, 34/224 [15%]). After a median follow-up of 46 (0.2-126) months, the 5-year EFS and OS were 59% and 68%, respectively. The factors predicting inferior EFS and OS were age> 40 years, performance status 2-4, Stage III/IV, hemoglobin <12 g/dL, the aaIPI Score 2 or 3, and nonuse of rituximab and radiation. Radiation used in early stage disease benefitted all subgroups regardless of bulky disease, use of rituximab, or the number of cycles of chemotherapy. Addition of rituximab improved survival across all categories of aaIPI. CONCLUSION: Availability of biosimilar rituximab has increased access and survival of patients with DLBCL in India. Radiotherapy improved outcomes in early stages.
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Antineoplásicos Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , Medicamentos Biossimilares/uso terapêutico , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/tratamento farmacológico , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/radioterapia , Radioterapia/métodos , Rituximab/uso terapêutico , Adolescente , Adulto , Antineoplásicos Imunológicos/farmacologia , Medicamentos Biossimilares/farmacologia , Feminino , Humanos , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Rituximab/farmacologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemAssuntos
Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/efeitos dos fármacos , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/epidemiologia , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/complicações , Sepse/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/microbiologia , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sepse/microbiologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Background Fifth-carpometacarpal (CMC)-joint fractures and dislocations can produce carpometacarpal joint arthritis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the radiographic and clinical outcomes of arthroplasty for fifth carpometacarpal joint arthritis. Material and Methods A series of six patients who had symptomatic advanced fifth-CMC arthritis and had failed to respond to conservative treatment. All patients underwent Dupert's technique of fifth-CMC arthroplasty with a mean follow-up of 17.6 months. Results were reviewed clinically and radiographically. Results Union between the fourth and fifth metacarpals was observed at an average of 6.2 weeks after surgery. Grip strength improved. Range of motion (ROM) of the fifth metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint and the fifth metacarpal height remained unchanged. Visual analog scale (VAS) results improved significantly. Conclusion Despite the medium-term follow-up and small number of patients, our results suggest fifth-CMC arthroplasty with arthrodesis of the fourth and fifth metacarpal bases may be a reliable procedure for fifth-CMC arthritis.
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BACKGROUND: Combination chemotherapy ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarabazine) cures â¼70% of patients with advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma (aHL, stages IIB, III and IV) while more toxic escalated BEACOPP (EB, combination of bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine and prednisolone) increases cure rates to 85%. Patients with a positive interim positron emission tomography-computerized tomography (PET-CT) scan after two cycles (PET-2) of ABVD have very poor outcomes with continued ABVD. Intensifying therapy with EB in PET-2-positive patients ('response-adapted therapy') may improve cure rates, whereas the negative patients can continue ABVD alone. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eligible patients with newly diagnosed aHL received two cycles of ABVD and underwent PET-2 (scored with semi-quantitative 5-point visual criteria, 'Deauville score'). PET-2-negative patients continued four additional cycles of ABVD, whereas PET-2-positive patients received four cycles of EB. A phase II sample size of 50 was estimated keeping the lower and higher proportion of rejection of the event-free survival (EFS) as 70% and 85%, respectively. RESULTS: Fifty patients [median age 28 (12-60) years; male : female: 39 : 11; stages: IIB-3 (6%), III-29 (58%) and IV-18 (36%); International Prognostic Score (IPS): 0-3: 34 (68%); 4-7: 16 (32%)] were enrolled; 49 underwent PET-2. Eight (16%) were PET-2-positive, whereas 41 (84%) were negative. Forty-seven were evaluable for EFS and all 50 for overall survival (OS). The 2-year EFS was 76% (95% CI: 68-83) and OS was 88% (95% CI: 82-94). PET-2 was strongly prognostic-2-year EFS, negative versus positive: 82% versus 50%; P = 0.013. CONCLUSION: PET-2 response-adapted strategy could not achieve EFS of 85% in aHL. However, escalated therapy improved outcomes in PET-2-positive patients compared with historical data. TRIAL REGISTRATION: CTRI/2012/06/002741 (http://www.ctri.nic.in) and NCT01304849 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
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Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administração & dosagem , Doença de Hodgkin/tratamento farmacológico , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Adolescente , Adulto , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Bleomicina/administração & dosagem , Bleomicina/efeitos adversos , Criança , Ciclofosfamida/administração & dosagem , Ciclofosfamida/efeitos adversos , Dacarbazina/administração & dosagem , Dacarbazina/efeitos adversos , Progressão da Doença , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Doxorrubicina/administração & dosagem , Doxorrubicina/efeitos adversos , Etoposídeo/administração & dosagem , Etoposídeo/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Doença de Hodgkin/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Índia , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Imagem Multimodal , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Prednisona/administração & dosagem , Prednisona/efeitos adversos , Procarbazina/administração & dosagem , Procarbazina/efeitos adversos , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Vimblastina/administração & dosagem , Vimblastina/efeitos adversos , Vincristina/administração & dosagem , Vincristina/efeitos adversos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Bisphenol A, benzophenone-type UV filters, and phthalates are chemicals in high production and use including in a range of personal care products. Exposure of humans to these chemicals has been shown to affect endocrine function. Although short-lived, widespread exposure may lead to continual opportunity for these chemicals to elicit health effects in humans. The association of these chemicals with incident uterine leiomyoma, an estrogen sensitive disease, is not known. Urinary concentrations of bisphenol A (BPA), five benzophenone-type UV filters (2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (2OH-4MeO-BP), 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone (2,4OH-BP), 2,2׳-dihydroxybenzophenone (2,2׳OH-4MeO-BP), 2,2׳4,4׳-tetrahydroxybenzophenone (2,2׳4,4׳OH-BP), and 4-hydroxybenzophenone (4OH-BP), and 14 phthalate monoesters were quantified in 495 women who later underwent laparoscopy/laparotomy at 14 clinical sites for the diagnosis of fibroids. Significantly higher geometric mean creatinine-corrected concentrations of BPA, 2,4OH-BP, and 2OH-4MeO-BP were observed in women with than without fibroids [BPA: 2.09µg/g vs. 1.46µg/g p=0.004; 2,4OH-BP:11.10µg/g vs. 6.71µg/g p=0.01; 2OH-4MeO-BP: 11.31µg/g vs. 6.10µg/g p=0.01]. Mono-methyl phthalate levels were significantly lower in women with than without fibroids (1.78µg/g vs. 2.40µg/g). However, none of the exposures were associated with a significant odds ratio even when adjusting for relevant covariates. There was a lack of an association between select nonpersistent chemicals and the odds of a fibroid diagnosis.
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Exposição Ambiental , Poluentes Ambientais/toxicidade , Leiomioma/epidemiologia , Protetores Solares/toxicidade , Adolescente , Adulto , Compostos Benzidrílicos/toxicidade , Compostos Benzidrílicos/urina , Benzofenonas/toxicidade , Benzofenonas/urina , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Monitoramento Ambiental , Poluentes Ambientais/urina , Feminino , Humanos , Leiomioma/induzido quimicamente , Fenóis/toxicidade , Fenóis/urina , Ácidos Ftálicos/toxicidade , Ácidos Ftálicos/urina , Protetores Solares/metabolismo , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Útero/efeitos dos fármacos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Ligament reconstruction tendon interposition (LRTI) is the most commonly performed surgical procedure for first carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis. The purpose of this study was to examine the radiographic and clinical outcomes of LRTI arthroplasty and document the clinical results based on metacarpal subsidence. METHODS: From January 2008 to January 2011, 19 patients (21 thumbs) underwent surgery for thumb carpometacarpal arthritis using ligament reconstruction tendon interposition arthroplasty with flexor carpi radialis (FCR) in Kleinert Kutz Hand Care Center of Louisville University, USA. The follow-up period was an average of 13.9 months. Pain, grip strength, tip pinch strength, range of motion, and radiographic measurements were recorded. Based on first metacarpal subsidence, the cases were classified in to mild, moderate, and severe. Clinical outcomes of the groups were evaluated and compared. RESULTS: Grip strength improved from 18.6 kg to 20.5 kg, and tip pinch strength increased from 4.4 kg to 4.5 kg after the surgery. Radial abduction and palmar abduction improved after surgery. Radial abduction increased from 55.7° to 60.6° and palmar abduction improved from 56.7° to 63.5° after the procedure. Visual analogue scores (VAS) were significantly reduced, from 6.6 to 0.5. Compared with the preoperative radiographs the first metacarpal had subsided about 54.6% of the arthroplasty space. The height of arthroplasty space and index of the arthroplasty space significantly decreased from 12.4 mm to 5.6 mm and from 0.27 to 0.12 respectively. Between the various groups (mild, moderate and severe metacarpal subsidence), there was no difference in grip strength, tip pinch strength, thumb range of motion, and VAS. CONCLUSIONS: Ligament reconstruction tendon interposition arthroplasty resulted in excellent relief of pain and increase in range of motion. However, LRTI cannot maintain the arthroplasty space. Compared with the preoperative radiographs, the metacarpal subsided more than 50%. The amount of first metacarpal subsidence has no bearing on the results.
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Artroplastia/métodos , Articulações Carpometacarpais/cirurgia , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polegar/cirurgiaRESUMO
Obturator hernia is a very rare type of abdominal hernia which constitutes <1 % of all the hernias. It is an important cause of small bowel obstruction which is associated with a high mortality rate if left untreated. Obturator hernia typically occurs in an elderly women or patients with chronically raised intraabdominal pressure or previous multiple pregnancies. We report a case of obstructed obturator hernia in a young female patient with Marfan's syndrome complicated with dissecting aortic aneurysm and chronic kidney disease. Though recurrent and incisional hernia constitutes one of the minor diagnostic criteria of Marfan's syndrome, obturator hernia being a very rare entity, has been reported very rarely in a patient with Marfan's syndrome.
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Hérnia do Obturador/diagnóstico por imagem , Síndrome de Marfan/complicações , Adulto , Feminino , Hérnia do Obturador/complicações , Hérnia do Obturador/cirurgia , Humanos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
Bisphenol A (BPA), a suspected reproductive biohazard and endocrine disruptor, released from plastics is associated with ED in occupationally exposed workers. However, in rats, despite the induction of hypogonadism, apoptosis of the penile corporal smooth muscle (SM), fat infiltration into the cavernosal tissue and changes in global gene expression with the intraperitoneal administration of high dose BPA, ED was not observed. We investigated whether BPA administered orally rather than intraperitoneally to rats for longer periods and lower doses will lead to ED. Main outcome measures are ED, histological, and biochemical markers in rat penile tissues. In all, 2.5-month-old rats were given drinking water daily without and with BPA at 1 and 0.1 mg kg(-1) per day. Two months later, erectile function was determined by cavernosometry and electrical field stimulation (EFS) and serum levels of testosterone (T), estradiol (E2) and BPA were measured. Penile tissue sections were assayed by Masson (SM/collagen), Oil Red O (fat), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) (apoptosis), immunohistochemistry for Oct4 (stem cells), and α-SM actin/calponin (SM and myofibroblasts), applying quantitative image analysis. Other markers were assayed by western blotting. DNA microarrays/microRNA (miR) assays defined transcription profiles. Orally administered BPA did not affect body weight, but (1) decreased serum T and E2; (2) reduced the EFS response and increased the drop rate; (3) increased within the corporal tissue the presence of fat, myofibroblasts and apoptosis; (4) lowered the contents of SM and stem cells, but not nerve terminals; and (5) caused alterations in the transcriptional profiles for both mRNA and miRs within the penile shaft. Long-term exposure of rats to oral BPA caused a moderate corporal veno-occlusive dysfunction (CVOD), possibly due to alterations within the corporal tissue that pose gene transcriptional changes related to inflammation, fibrosis and epithelial/mesenchymal transition (EMT).
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Compostos Benzidrílicos/toxicidade , Disfunção Erétil/induzido quimicamente , Estrogênios não Esteroides/toxicidade , Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Pênis/efeitos dos fármacos , Fenóis/toxicidade , Administração Oral , Animais , Compostos Benzidrílicos/administração & dosagem , Estimulação Elétrica , Estradiol/sangue , Estrogênios não Esteroides/administração & dosagem , Masculino , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Músculo Liso/patologia , Pênis/metabolismo , Pênis/patologia , Fenóis/administração & dosagem , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos F344 , Testosterona/sangueRESUMO
No abstract available.
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Composite Compound Odontoma is a rare odontogenic tumour most commonly occuring in the anterior region of maxilla. An 11-year-old female patient reported a complaint of missing left central incisor. Clinical and diagnostic investigation revealed an odontogenic mass in the region of 21. This rare case report appraises the clinical diagnosis, surgical and orthodontic intervention which was planned and performed for its management.
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Radioscapholunate arthrodesis is a desirable method to treat isolated radiolunate arthritis or ulnar translocation of the carpal bones. An intact midcarpal joint is a prerequisite for functional range of motion. Previously, high rates of nonunion were observed with these procedures, as rigid fixation was difficult to obtain with simple Kirschner wires and screws. A successful outcome depends on bringing the scaphoid, lunate, and the radius to an anatomic alignment, and rigid fixation of the arthrodesis. We describe a technique for the arthrodesis of the radioscapholunate joint from the dorsal side using a low-profile locking Pi plate. We observed the advantages of an easy approach, better visualization of the joint, and easier manipulation of the carpal bones. The Pi plate fits on the scaphoid, lunate, and the radius with minimal adjustment. It is not necessary to remove the Lister's tubercle. Pi plate allows for rigid fixation and compression between the scaphoid, lunate, and the radius by 1 compression and 1 locking screw in scaphoid and lunate, and by 2 eccentric compression screws in the radius. Rectangular retinacular flaps were used under and over the extensor tendons. We performed these arthrodeses in patients with lunate fossa arthritis after a distal radius fracture, and with ulnar translocation of the carpus. We have observed excellent clinical results with about 50% of wrist motion preserved and no cases of nonunion or delayed union.