Effect of Amelogenin Coating of a Nano-Modified Titanium Surface on Bioactivity.

The interactions between implants and host tissues depend on several factors. In particular, a growing body of evidence has demonstrated that the surface texture of an implant influences the response of the surrounding cells. The purpose of this study is to develop new implant materials aiming at the regeneration of periodontal tissues as well as hard tissues by coating nano-modified titanium with amelogenin, which is one of the main proteins contained in Emdogain®. We confirmed by quartz crystal microbalance evaluation that amelogenin is easy to adsorb onto the nano-modified titanium surface as a coating. Scanning electron microscopy, scanning probe microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analyses confirmed that amelogenin coated the nano-modified titanium surface following alkali-treatment. In vitro evaluation using rat bone marrow and periodontal ligament cells revealed that the initial adhesion of both cell types and the induction of hard tissue differentiation such as cementum were improved by amelogenin coating. Additionally, the formation of new bone in implanted surrounding tissues was observed in in vivo evaluation using rat femurs. Together, these results suggest that this material may serve as a new implant material with the potential to play a major role in the advancement of clinical dentistry.

Prognostic factor of mandibular condylar movement exercise for patients with internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint on initial presentation: preliminary report.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to examine the factors, which predict the effect of mandibular condylar movement exercise (MCME). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We investigated the efficiency of MCME and the significant difference in average age and the mean duration length of closed lock symptoms prior to the initial consultation in both success cases and failure cases in initial visiting. Seventy-four women aged between 19 and 75 (mean: 41.4) years were included in this study. RESULTS: On the initial visiting day, the success cases were 50 cases (67.6%) and the failures were 24 cases (23.4%). The average age of success cases is 38.0 years, and failure cases are 48.4 years. Duration of the lock in success cases is 35.3 days, and failure cases are 87.6 days. CONCLUSION: These results suggested that lower improvement rates thus correlated with increasing age with exercise. MCME is effective mouth-opening exercise in patients with a history of short duration of locking. In conclusion, age and duration of locking, it must become the important factor predict an effect MCME.

Bioactivity of nanostructure on titanium surface modified by chemical processing at room temperature.

PURPOSE: Recently, there has been considerable interest in finding novel applications and functions for existing dental materials. We found that, at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, titanium oxide spontaneously generates nanostructures very similar to the "nanotubes" created by TiO(2) sputtering. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of this surface to affect the cellular osteogenic differentiation response. METHODS: Titanium disks without and with a 'nanosheet' deposited on their surface were used as the control and test groups, respectively. Cell culture experiments were performed with SD rat bone marrow cells, which were seeded into microplate wells and cultured in media designed to induce osteogenic differentiation. We measured alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, osteocalcin (OCN) production, calcium deposition and Runx2 gene expression to assess the levels of differentiation. RESULTS: After 14 and 21 days, cellular ALP activity was significantly higher in the test group than in the control group. After 28 days, cells in the test group also showed significantly more calcium deposition and OCN production than those in the control group. There was significantly different expression of Runx2 mRNA in the test group compared to the control group after 3 days of culture. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, these data suggest that titanium implants modified by the application of nanostructures promote osteogenic differentiation, and may improve the biointegration of these implants into the alveolar bone.