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Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) have received attention owing to their biodegradability and biocompatibility, with studies exploring PHA-producing bacterial strains. As vegetable oil provides carbon and monomer precursors for poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (P(3HB-co-3HHx)), oil-utilizing strains may facilitate PHA production. Herein, Cupriavidus necator BM3-1, which produces 11.1 g/L of PHB with 5% vegetable oil, was selected among various novel Cupriavidus necator strains. This strain exhibited higher preference for vegetable oils over sugars, with soybean oil and tryptone determined to be optimal sources for PHA production. BM3-1 produced 33.9 g/L of exopolysaccharides (EPS), which was three-fold higher than the amount produced by H16 (10.1 g/L). EPS exhibited 59.7% of emulsification activity (EI24), higher than that of SDS and of EPS from H16 with soybean oil. To evaluate P(3HB-co-3HHx) production from soybean oil, BM3-1 was engineered with P(3HB-co-3HHx) biosynthetic genes (phaCRa, phaARe, and phaJPa). BM3-1/pPhaCJ produced 3.5 mol% of 3HHx and 37.1 g/L PHA. BM3-1/pCB81 (phaCAJ) produced 32.8 g/L PHA, including 5.9 mol% 3HHx. Physical and thermal analyses revealed that P(3HB-co-5.9 mol% 3HHx) was better than PHB. Collectively, we identified a novel strain with high vegetable oil utilization capacity for the production of EPS, with the option to engineer the strain for P(3HB-co-3HHx).
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AIMS: Although culprit-only revascularization during the index procedure has been recommended in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by cardiogenic shock (CS), the reduction in residual ischaemia is also emphasized to improve clinical outcomes. However, few data are available about the significance of residual ischaemia in patients undergoing mechanical circulatory supports. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of residual ischaemia on clinical outcomes in patients with AMI undergoing venoarterial-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO). METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients with AMI with multivessel disease who underwent VA-ECMO due to refractory CS were pooled from the RESCUE and SMC-ECMO registries. The included patients were classified into three groups according to residual ischaemia evaluated using the residual Synergy between percutaneous coronary intervention with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) score (rSS): rSS = 0, 0 < rSS ≤ 8, and rSS > 8. The primary outcome was 1-year all-cause death. A total of 408 patients were classified into the rSS = 0 (n = 100, 24.5%), 0 < rSS ≤ 8 (n = 136, 33.3%), and rSS > 8 (n = 172, 42.2%) groups. The cumulative incidence of the primary outcome differed significantly according to rSS (33.9 vs. 55.4 vs. 66.1% for rSS = 0, 0 < rSS ≤ 8, and rSS > 8, respectively, overall P < 0.001). In a multivariable model, rSS was independently associated with the risk of 1-year all-cause death (adjusted hazard ratio 1.03, 95% confidence interval 1.01-1.05, P = 0.003). Conversely, the baseline SYNTAX score was not associated with the risk of the primary outcome. Furthermore, when patients were stratified by rSS, the primary outcome did not differ significantly between the high and low delta SYNTAX score groups. CONCLUSION: In patients with AMI with refractory CS who underwent VA-ECMO, residual ischaemia was associated with an increased risk of 1-year mortality. Future studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of revascularization strategies to minimize residual ischaemia in patients with CS supported with VA-ECMO. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: REtrospective and Prospective Observational Study to Investigate Clinical oUtcomes and Efficacy of Left Ventricular Assist Device for Korean Patients With Cardiogenic Shock (RESCUE), NCT02985008.
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Oxigenação por Membrana Extracorpórea , Infarto do Miocárdio , Choque Cardiogênico , Humanos , Oxigenação por Membrana Extracorpórea/métodos , Choque Cardiogênico/etiologia , Choque Cardiogênico/terapia , Choque Cardiogênico/mortalidade , Masculino , Feminino , Infarto do Miocárdio/complicações , Infarto do Miocárdio/terapia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Idoso , Sistema de Registros , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea/métodos , Taxa de Sobrevida/tendências , Resultado do Tratamento , Isquemia Miocárdica/complicações , Seguimentos , Relevância ClínicaRESUMO
Abstract Background: Early identification of patients at risk of AKI after cardiac surgery is of critical importance for optimizing perioperative management and improving outcomes. This study aimed to identify the association between preoperative myoglobin levels and postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing valve surgery or coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) with cardiopulmonary bypass. Methods: This retrospective study included 293 patients aged over 17 years who underwent valve surgery or CABG with cardiopulmonary bypass. We excluded 87 patients as they met the exclusion criteria. Therefore, 206 patients were included in the final analysis. The patients' demographics as well as intraoperative and postoperative data were collected from electronic medical records. AKI was defined according to the Acute Kidney Injury Network classification system. Results: Of the 206 patients included in this study, 77 developed AKI. The patients who developed AKI were older, had a history of hypertension, underwent valve surgery with concomitant CABG, had lower preoperative hemoglobin levels, and experienced prolonged extracorporeal circulation (ECC) times. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that preoperative myoglobin levels and ECC time were correlated with the development of AKI. A higher preoperative myoglobin level was an independent risk factor for the development of cardiac surgery-associated AKI. Conclusions: Higher preoperative myoglobin levels may enable physicians to identify patients at risk of developing AKI and optimize management accordingly.
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Humanos , Idoso , Injúria Renal Aguda/etiologia , Injúria Renal Aguda/epidemiologia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/efeitos adversos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Ponte Cardiopulmonar/efeitos adversos , Fatores de Risco , MioglobinaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Early identification of patients at risk of AKI after cardiac surgery is of critical importance for optimizing perioperative management and improving outcomes. This study aimed to identify the association between preoperative myoglobin levels and postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing valve surgery or coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) with cardiopulmonary bypass. METHODS: This retrospective study included 293 patients aged over 17 years who underwent valve surgery or CABG with cardiopulmonary bypass. We excluded 87 patients as they met the exclusion criteria. Therefore, 206 patients were included in the final analysis. The patients... demographics as well as intraoperative and postoperative data were collected from electronic medical records. AKI was defined according to the Acute Kidney Injury Network classification system. RESULTS: Of the 206 patients included in this study, 77 developed AKI. The patients who developed AKI were older, had a history of hypertension, underwent valve surgery with concomitant CABG, had lower preoperative hemoglobin levels, and experienced prolonged extracorporeal circulation (ECC) times. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that preoperative myoglobin levels and ECC time were correlated with the development of AKI. A higher preoperative myoglobin level was an independent risk factor for the development of cardiac surgery-associated AKI. CONCLUSIONS: Higher preoperative myoglobin levels may enable physicians to identify patients at risk of developing AKI and optimize management accordingly.
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Injúria Renal Aguda , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos , Humanos , Idoso , Estudos Retrospectivos , Mioglobina , Ponte Cardiopulmonar/efeitos adversos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/efeitos adversos , Fatores de Risco , Injúria Renal Aguda/epidemiologia , Injúria Renal Aguda/etiologiaRESUMO
Background: Elevated soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) levels may predict mortality in heart failure (HF) patients. The AFIAS ST2 assay (AFIAS ST2, Boditech Med Inc., Chuncheon, Korea) and ichroma ST2 assay (ichroma ST2, Boditech Med Inc.) are newly developed point-of-care (POC) assays for measuring sST2 level. We evaluated the performance of these assays, in terms of cut-off validation and prognosis, and compared them with that of the Presage ST2 assay (Presage ST2, Critical Diagnostics, San Diego, CA, USA). Methods: We validated the US FDA-claimed sST2 clinical cut-off of 35 ng/mL using 420 serum samples (298 samples from the universal sample bank of the American Association for Clinical Chemistry and 122 samples from reference individuals from Konkuk University Medical Center). We compared AFIAS ST2 and ichroma ST2 with Presage ST2, using 206 samples from patients with HF. We assessed prognosis using the three assays in 252 samples from the Barcelona ambulatory HF cohort subsets. Results: The upper reference limits of AFIAS ST2 and ichroma ST2 were within the clinical cut-off of Presage ST2. The results of AFIAS ST2 and ichroma ST2 were highly correlated with those of Presage ST2 (r = 0.82 and 0.81, respectively). Based on this cut-off, all three assays predicted cardiovascular death. Conclusions: The new POC assays, AFIAS ST2 and ichroma ST2, would be useful in clinical practice for managing HF patients, with performances equivalent to that of Presage ST2.
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OBJECTIVES: Although an association is known to exist between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and heart failure (HF) risk, large longitudinal studies are limited. We investigated metabolic status as a risk factor for HF in middle-aged male and female and considered sex differences in various risk factors for HF using nationwide real-world data. METHODS: Data obtained from the Korean National Health Insurance Service from 2009 to 2016 were analyzed. A total of 2,151,597 middle-aged subjects (between 50 and 59 years old) were enrolled. Subjects were divided into 3 groups (normal, pre- MetS, and MetS). Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the association between MetS and incident HF after adjusting for clinical risk factors. RESULTS: At baseline, MetS existed in 23.77% of male and 10.58% of female. Pre-MetS and MetS increased the risk of HF: the hazard ratios of pre-MetS for incident HF were 1.508 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.287 to 1.767) in male and 1.395 (95% CI, 1.158 to 1.681) in female, and those of MetS were 1.711 (95% CI, 1.433 to 2.044) in male and 2.144 (95% CI, 1.674 to 2.747) in female. Current smoking, a low hemoglobin level, underweight (body mass index < 18.5 kg/m2), a high creatinine level, and acute myocardial infarction were also predictors of HF in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS: Pre-MetS and MetS were identified as risk factors for HF in middle-aged male and female. The effect of MetS on the occurrence of HF was stronger in female than in male. Pre-MetS was also a predictor of HF, but was associated with a lower risk than MetS.
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Insuficiência Cardíaca , Síndrome Metabólica , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Síndrome Metabólica/epidemiologia , Insuficiência Cardíaca/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Estudos Longitudinais , República da Coreia/epidemiologia , IncidênciaRESUMO
Hydrogels are promising material for wound dressing and tissue engineering. However, owing to their low tissue adhesion in a moist environment and lack of flexibility, hydrogels are still not widely applied in movable parts, such as joints. Herein, we report a dual-crosslinked hydrogel adhesive using a dopamine-modified and acrylate-terminated crosslinker, tri(ethylene glycol) diacrylate-dopamine crosslinker (TDC). The covalent crosslinking was formed by photopolymerization between acrylic acid (AA) and TDC, and the noncovalent crosslinking was formed by intermolecular dopamine-dopamine and dopamine-AA interactions. Our resultant hydrogel demonstrated strong tissue adhesion in a moist environment (approximately 71 kPa) and high mechanical resilience (approximately 94%) with immediate recovery at a 200% strain rate. Moreover, it accelerated wound healing upon dressing the wound site properly. Our study provides the potential for advanced polymer synthesis by introducing a functional crosslinking agent.
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Hidrogéis , Adesivos Teciduais , Adesivos , Bandagens , Dopamina , Humanos , Aderências TeciduaisRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Combination therapies comprising multiple methods, such as photodynamic therapy have been applied to be complements chemotherapy as they increase the therapeutic efficiency by enabling the intelligent drug delivery to target sites by exposing the photosensitizer to light and activating it in the tumor tissue. This study evaluated in vitro photodynamic therapy of methylene blue (MB)-loaded acetyl resistant starch (ARS) nanoparticles (NPs). METHODS: ARS was synthesized by the reaction between resistant starch (RS) and acetic anhydride. MB-loaded ARS NPs and ARS NPs were prepared by a single emulsion method. Synthesized ARS was measured by NMR. Prepared ARS NPs and MB-loaded ARS NPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction, UV/Vis, and circular dichroism (CD). MB-loaded ARS NPs were treated in mouse colon cancer cells (CT-26) and they were treated under near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation. RESULTS: Synthesis of ARS was confirmed by NMR and the degree of substitutions in the ARS was 7.1. The morphologies of ARS NPs observed by TEM were spherical shapes and the particle sizes of ARS NPs were 173.4 nm with a surface charge of - 17.24 mV. The d-spacing of ARS NPs was smaller than those of RS and the conformational changes of RS occurred by the formation of self-assembled polymeric NPs with induction of CD of the MB by chiral ARS NPs. The phototoxicity of CT-26 cells treated by MB-loaded ARS NPs dramatically decreased in a dose-dependent manner under NIR laser irradiation compared to free MB. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated the ordered nanosized structures in the ARS NPs and conformational change from random coil structure of RS to alpha-helices one of ARS occurred and CD of the achiral MB was induced. The MB-loaded ARS NPs showed a higher generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the CT-26 cells than free MB with the NIR laser irradiation and resulting in phototoxicity under irradiation.
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BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia developing in post-operative patients. Limited data are available regarding pre-operative risk factors and prognostic impact of post-operative AF (POAF) following hip fracture surgery (HFS) in Korean population. AIM: We aimed to investigate the incidence, predictors, and hospital prognosis of POAF in HFS patients. METHODS: This study included 245 patients without history of AF who underwent HFS between August 2014 and November 2016. POAF was defined as new-onset AF that occurred during hospitalization after HFS. RESULTS: Twenty patients (8.2%) experienced POAF after HFS. POAF developed on median post-operative day 2 (interquartile range, 1-3). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age [odds ratio (OR), 1.111; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.022-1.209], chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (OR, 6.352; 95%CI, 1.561-25.841) and E/e' ratio (OR, 1.174; 95%CI, 1.002-1.376) were significant predictors of POAF. Patients with POAF had a significantly higher intensive care unit admission rate (55.0% vs 14.7%, P < 0.001) and incidence of congestive heart failure (45.0% vs 10.7%, P < 0.001). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, POAF was significantly associated with increased incidence of congestive heart failure (OR, 4.856; 95%CI, 1.437-16.411) and intensive care unit admission (OR, 6.615; 95%CI, 2.112-20.718). CONCLUSION: POAF was frequently developed in elderly patients following HFS. Age, COPD and elevated E/e' ratio were found as significant predictors of POAF in HFS patients. Patients with POAF significantly experienced intensive care unit admission and incident congestive heart failure during hospitalization.
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The use of ultraviolet radiation (UV) technology for the crosslinking of acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSA) is the one of various crosslinking methods, being the alternative to the conventional crosslinking process of solvent-based acrylic systems. It also requires a photoinitiator to absorb the impinging UV and induce photocrosslinking. As previously mentioned, a photoinitiator is one of the important and necessary components in UV-inducted crosslinking of acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives. The activity of multifunctional conventional saturated photoinitiators of type I and type II, especially benzophenone-based in the photoreactive UV-crosslinkable acrylic PSA was described. The effect of the multifunctional type-II photoinitiators on the acrylic PSA, such as tack, peel adhesion and shear strength were summarized.
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Materials that can switch adhesive properties based on external stimuli are required in several industries for temporary bonding or transfer processes. Previously studied materials achieve this under restricted conditions (hydration, heat, and long switching times), and some materials have limitations related to reuse because of irreversible reactions or residue formation on substrates. Herein, a rapid photoresponsive switchable pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) fabricated using an acrylic polymer and an aliphatic monomer containing azobenzene is reported. The adhesion force of the proposed PSA can be switched by photoisomerizing the azobenzene moiety. The process induces the transition of surface energy and modulus of the PSA. Ultraviolet and visible light irradiation can switch the probe tack force from 200 to 4 kPa within 15-30 s. Adhesion switching is possible in a state wherein the PSA remains adhered to a substrate. Mini-LEDs are selectively transferred from the carrier PSA to a polydimethylsiloxane substrate following the process of partial adhesion switching of the PSA. The novel and switchable PSA, which exhibits a selective and repeatable adhesion switching property and high switching ratio when stimulated by light stimuli, may be potentially used to realize the mini-LED or micro-LED transfer processes.
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Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are attractive new bioplastics for the replacement of plastics derived from fossil fuels. With their biodegradable properties, they have also recently been applied to the medical field. As poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) produced by wild-type Ralstonia eutropha has limitations with regard to its physical properties, it is advantageous to synthesize co- or terpolymers with medium-chain-length monomers. In this study, tung oil, which has antioxidant activity due to its 80% α-eleostearic acid content, was used as a carbon source and terpolymer P(53 mol% 3-hydroxybytyrate-co-2 mol% 3-hydroxyvalerate-co-45 mol% 3-hydroxyhexanoate) with a high proportion of 3-hydroxyhexanoate was produced in R. eutropha Re2133/pCB81. To avail the benefits of α-eleostearic acid in the tung oil-based medium, we performed partial harvesting of PHA by using a mild water wash to recover PHA and residual tung oil on the PHA film. This resulted in a film coated with residual tung oil, showing antioxidant activity. Here, we report the first application of tung oil as a substrate for PHA production, introducing a high proportion of hydroxyhexanoate monomer into the terpolymer. Additionally, the residual tung oil was used as an antioxidant coating, resulting in the production of bioactive PHA, expanding the applicability to the medical field.
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The present investigation deals with the adsorptive removal of crude petroleum oil from the water surface using coconut oil-modified pinewood biochar. Biochar generated at higher pyrolysis temperature (700 °C) revealed higher fatty acid-binding efficiency responsible for the excellent hydrophobicity of the biochar. Fatty acids composition attached to the biochar produced at 700 °C was (mg g-1 BC) lauric acid (9.024), myristic acid (5.065), palmitic acid (2.769), capric acid (1.639), oleic acid (1.362), stearic acid (1.114), and linoleic acid (0.130). Simulation of the experimental adsorption data of pristine and modified pinewood biochar generated at 700 °C offered the best fit to pseudo-first-order kinetics (R2 > 0.97) and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 > 0.99) based on the highest regression coefficients. Consequently, the adsorption process was mainly driven by surface hydrophobic interactions including π-π electron-donor-acceptor between electron-rich (π-donor) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from the crude oil and biochar (π-acceptor). A maximum adsorption capacity (Qmax) of 5.315 g g-1 was achieved by modified floating biochar within 60 min. Whereas the reusability testing revealed 49.39% and 51.40% was the adsorption efficiency of pristine and modified biochar at the fifth adsorption-desorption cycle.
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Petróleo , Pinus , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Adsorção , Carvão Vegetal , Óleo de Coco , Ácidos Graxos , Cinética , Ácidos Láuricos , Água , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análiseRESUMO
Cadaverine, 1,5-diaminopentane, is one of the most promising chemicals for biobased-polyamide production and it has been successfully produced up to molar concentration. Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) is a critical cofactor for inducible lysine decarboxylase (CadA) and is required up to micromolar concentration level. Previously the regeneration of PLP in cadaverine bioconversion has been studied and salvage pathway pyridoxal kinase (PdxY) was successfully introduced; however, this system also required a continuous supply of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) for PLP regeneration from pyridoxal (PL) which add in cost. Herein, to improve the process further a method of ATP regeneration was established by applying baker's yeast with jhAY strain harboring CadA and PdxY, and demonstrated that providing a moderate amount of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) with the simple addition of baker's yeast could increase cadaverine production dramatically. After optimization of reaction conditions, such as PL, adenosine 5'-diphosphate, MgCl2, and phosphate buffer, we able to achieve high production (1740 mM, 87% yield) from 2 M L-lysine. Moreover, this approach could give averaged 80.4% of cadaverine yield after three times reactions with baker's yeast and jhAY strain. It is expected that baker's yeast could be applied to other reactions requiring an ATP regeneration system.
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Trifosfato de Adenosina/metabolismo , Cadaverina/química , Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Fosfato de Piridoxal/metabolismo , Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Ágar/química , Biotecnologia/métodos , Biotransformação , Cadaverina/metabolismo , Carboxiliases , Fermentação , Microbiologia Industrial/instrumentação , Microbiologia Industrial/métodos , Lisina/química , Lisina/metabolismo , Polímeros/química , Piridoxal , RegeneraçãoRESUMO
Unlike traditional adhesives with a fixed adhesive force, switchable adhesives, which have an adhesive force that can be adjusted by external stimuli, are specifically designed to be released according to user demand, or to enable the transfer of fine electronic devices. Previously developed switchable adhesives have limitations such as a slow switching rate, narrow adhesion modulation range, or the lack of reusability. Thus, we fabricated switchable pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) that can overcome these limitations. The adhesive force of each switchable PSA, which comprises an azobenzene-containing acrylic polymer and low molecular weight compounds, was designed to be activated/deactivated via ultraviolet (UV) and visible light irradiation. The adhesive force and UV intensity required for the switch were found to be dependent on the aliphatic chain length of the compound. The adhesive force of the SP-C10, i.e., a switchable PSA containing a azobenzene compound with an aliphatic chain of 10 hydrocarbons, increased to 3.5 N from nearly zero in response to only 30 s of low-level (25 mW cm-2) UV irradiation. Additionally, SP-C10 did not lose its adhesive force even after 30 cycles of repeated adhesion switching. The mechanism of adhesion switching influenced by UV intensity and the structure of low molecular weight azobenzene compounds are also reported.
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Acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) are used as fixatives between layers of a display. PSAs' function is an important factor that determines the performance of the display. Of the various display types available, the touch screen panel (TSP) of smart devices is firmly related to the relative permittivity of the elementals. Therefore, adjusting the relative permittivity of the PSA is indispensable for driving the TSP. Accordingly, selected acrylic pre-polymers were polymerized and the pre-polymer was blended and cross-linked with monomers with different chemical structure to adjust the relative permittivity. The monomers were hexametyldisiloxane (HMDS), N-vinylcaprolactam (NVC), tert-butyl acrylate (TBA), and isooctadecyl acrylate (ISTA). The gel fraction and transmittance as a function of the monomers show a similar result to the pure acrylic PSA. However, the gel fraction value decreased to about 90% and the transmittance decreased to about 85%, due to the immiscibility between nonpolar HMDS and acrylic PSA. On the other hand, the adhesion properties were improved when NVC was added because of the polarity of the nitrogen group. In addition, the relative permittivity of the PSA decreased regardless of the monomer chosen. There was, however, a difference in the optimal content of each monomer, and NVC decreased from 4 phr content to about 3.4 in reducing relative permittivity. Through the above results, it was confirmed that NVC having a nitrogen group is most advantageous in lowering adhesion properties and relative permittivity, and necessitates further research based on the findings.
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Kyphoplasty (KP) is an effective method for treating osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs). Although the bipedicular approach is considered the main treatment approach, the unipedicular approach has also been shown to be effective. This study aimed to retrospectively compare the radiological and clinical outcomes of unipedicular and bipedicular KP in the treatment of single-level OVCFs.In total, 96 patients with single-level OVCF who received KP were divided into 2 groups: the unipedicular group, in which 28 patients underwent KP via the unipedicular approach, and the bipedicular group, in which 68 patients underwent KP via the bipedicular approach. Clinical results, radiological findings, and complications were compared between the groups. The clinical results were evaluated for up to 1 year after surgery using a numerical rating scale score. The radiological findings were compared in terms of recovery of the lowest vertebral body height at the same location on radiographs taken both 1 day and 1 year after surgery. The degrees of recovery of the kyphotic angle (KA) were simultaneously compared. The surgical time, amount of cement used, and any postoperative complications were also compared.Both groups showed significant improvements in all clinical and radiological parameters until 1 year after surgery. The unipedicular group required significantly lower amounts of cement than the bipedicular group (unipedicular: 4.4â±â0.8âmL, bipedicular: 5.6â±â1.0âmL, Pâ=â.00), but there were no significant differences in the clinical and radiological results for up to 1 year after surgery. There were no significant differences in leakage of intradiscal cement, appearance of adjacent vertebral compression fractures within 1 year of surgery, and surgical time.Unipedicular and bipedicular KP significantly reduced the pain experienced by patients with single-level OVCF, restored vertebral height, and corrected the KA, which remained stable for at least 1 year after treatment. Unipedicular KP required lower amounts of cement than bipedicular KP and was as effective as bipedicular KP in terms of radiological and clinical outcomes. The results of this study have level three evidence and grade B recommendation.
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Fraturas por Compressão/cirurgia , Cifoplastia/métodos , Fraturas por Osteoporose/cirurgia , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral/cirurgia , Idoso , Feminino , Fraturas por Compressão/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Fraturas por Osteoporose/diagnóstico por imagem , Medição da Dor , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) is a non-invasive treatment that improves symptoms such as anxiety and pain. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of CES pretreatment on levels of preoperative anxiety, pain, and hemodynamic responses-especially changes in blood pressure-during anesthetic induction in patients with essential hypertension. METHODS: Eighty patients undergoing general anesthesia were randomly assigned to receive either no pretreatment (control group, n = 40) or CES pretreatment (CES group, n = 40). Anxiety scores, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, mean arterial pressure, and heart rate were measured in the general ward the evening before surgery, as well as in the preoperative holding area, operating room, and after intubation. Withdrawal responses to rocuronium injection were also measured. RESULTS: Anxiety scores in the operating room were significantly lower in the CES group. Withdrawal responses to rocuronium injection were also significantly lower in the CES group. There were no significant differences in hemodynamic values between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: CES pretreatment reduces both preoperative anxiety levels and withdrawal responses to rocuronium injection. However, it does not have a significant effect on hemodynamic responses.
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Anestésicos , Terapia por Estimulação Elétrica , Anestésicos/farmacologia , Ansiedade/terapia , Pressão Sanguínea , Hipertensão Essencial , HumanosRESUMO
A gram-negative, white-pigmented, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, designated as strain NIBRBAC000500504T, was isolated from soil in Jangsu, Korea. Optimal growth of this strain was observed at 25 °C, pH 7.0, and in the presence of 0% (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain NIBRBAC000500504T belonged to the genus Mesorhizobium and was closely related to Mesorhizobium shangrilense LMG 24762T (98.3% sequence similarity), Mesorhizobium australicum LMG 24608T (98.2%), Mesorhizobium qingshengii LMG 26793T (98.1%), Mesorhizobium ciceri ATCC 51585T (98.0%), Mesorhizobium loti DSM 2626T (98.0%), Mesorhizobium sophorae LMG 28223T (97.9%), Mesorhizobium waitakense LMG 28227T (97.8%), and Mesorhizobium cantuariense LMG 28225T (97.8%). Next-generation sequencing analysis indicated that the genome of strain NIBRBAC000500504T comprised a circular chromosome (5,731,152 bp, G+C content: 63.26%) and a plasmid (293,638 bp, G+C content: 61.39%) with 5672 coding sequences, 50 tRNAs, and 6 rRNAs. The major respiratory isoprenoid quinone was Q10; the major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylcholine; the major fatty acids were summed feature 8 (comprising C18:1 ω7c/C18:1 ω6c), C19:0 cyclo ω8c, C16:0, and C18:1 ω7c 11-methyl; and the G+C content of the genomic DNA was 62.9 mol%. The DNA-DNA relatedness values between NIBRBAC000500504T and its closest type strains were low. On the basis of these polyphasic taxonomic data, it is proposed that strain NIBRBAC000500504T represents a novel species of the genus Mesorhizobium, with the type strain being NIBRBAC000500504T (= KCTC 72278T = JCM 33432T).
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Mesorhizobium/classificação , Mesorhizobium/fisiologia , Filogenia , Microbiologia do Solo , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Composição de Bases , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Ácidos Graxos/química , Genes Bacterianos , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala , Mesorhizobium/isolamento & purificação , Tipagem Molecular , Fosfolipídeos/química , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , República da Coreia , Análise de Sequência , Ubiquinona/análogos & derivados , Ubiquinona/químicaRESUMO
Glutaric acid is a precursor of a plasticizer that can be used for the production of polyester amides, ester plasticizer, corrosion inhibitor, and others. Glutaric acid can be produced either via bioconversion or chemical synthesis, and some metabolites and intermediates are produced during the reaction. To ensure reaction efficiency, the substrates, intermediates, and products, especially in the bioconversion system, should be closely monitored. Until now, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has generally been used to analyze the glutaric acid-related metabolites, although it demands separate time-consuming derivatization and non-derivatization analyses. To substitute for this unreasonable analytical method, we applied herein a gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method with ethyl chloroformate (ECF) derivatization to simultaneously monitor the major metabolites. We determined the suitability of GC-MS analysis using defined concentrations of six metabolites (l-lysine, cadaverine, 5-aminovaleric acid, 2-oxoglutaric acid, glutamate, and glutaric acid) and their mass chromatograms, regression equations, regression coefficient values (R2), dynamic ranges (mM), and retention times (RT). This method successfully monitored the production process in complex fermentation broth.