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1.
J Cell Physiol ; 238(5): 1006-1019, 2023 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36870066

RESUMO

The engulfment adaptor phosphotyrosine-binding domain containing 1 (GULP1) is an adaptor protein involved in the engulfment of apoptotic cells via phagocytosis. Gulp1 was first found to promote the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by macrophages, and its role in various tissues, including neurons and ovaries, has been well studied. However, the expression and function of GULP1 in bone tissue are poorly understood. Consequently, to determine whether GULP1 plays a role in the regulation of bone remodeling in vitro and in vivo, we generated Gulp1 knockout (KO) mice. Gulp1 was expressed in bone tissue, mainly in osteoblasts, while its expression is very low in osteoclasts. Microcomputed tomography and histomorphometry analysis in 8-week-old male Gulp1 KO mice revealed a high bone mass in comparison with male wild-type (WT) mice. This was a result of decreased osteoclast differentiation and function in vivo and in vitro as confirmed by a reduced actin ring and microtubule formation in osteoclasts. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis further showed that both 17ß-estradiol (E2) and 2-hydroxyestradiol levels, and the E2/testosterone metabolic ratio, reflecting aromatase activity, were also higher in the bone marrow of male Gulp1 KO mice than in male WT mice. Consistent with mass spectrometry analysis, aromatase enzymatic activity was significantly higher in the bone marrow of male Gulp1 KO mice. Altogether, our results suggest that GULP1 deficiency decreases the differentiation and function of osteoclasts themselves and increases sex steroid hormone-mediated inhibition of osteoclast differentiation and function, rather than affecting osteoblasts, resulting in a high bone mass in male mice. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to explore the direct and indirect roles of GULP1 in bone remodeling, providing new insights into its regulation.


Assuntos
Aromatase , Estradiol , Osteoclastos , Animais , Masculino , Camundongos , Aromatase/genética , Aromatase/metabolismo , Osso e Ossos , Diferenciação Celular , Camundongos Knockout , Osteoblastos/metabolismo , Osteoclastos/metabolismo , Microtomografia por Raio-X , Estradiol/metabolismo
2.
BMC Public Health ; 22(1): 2060, 2022 11 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36357875

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of muscle strength and BMI (body Mass Index) on Metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors and prevalence in Korean adult women, using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. METHODS: A total of 3189 Korean adults women participated in the cross-sectional study. Participants were measured BMI, MetS risk factors including waist-circumference (WC), fasting glucose (FG), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and handgrip strength as muscle strength. RESULTS: As a result 'high BMI & Low muscle strength', 'low BMI & low muscle strength', and 'high BMI & high muscle strength' groups had a significantly higher prevalence of Mets [OR (Odd ratio): 1.49, 95% CI (confidence interval): 1.01 2.20; OR: 5.77, 95% CI: 4.32 7.17; OR: 10.46, 95% CI: 8.05 13.59] than 'low BMI & high muscle strength' group; and after adjusting smoking, menstruation status, and drinking rate, the OR were 1.07 (95% CI: 0.71-1.61), 4.89 (95% CI: 3.60-6.55), and 7.38 (95% CI: 5.63-9.68), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicated that increasing muscle strength and lowering BMI through regular physical activity and exercise are effective methods to reduce the prevalence of risk factors for Mets.


Assuntos
Síndrome Metabólica , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Índice de Massa Corporal , Síndrome Metabólica/complicações , Prevalência , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Força da Mão , Circunferência da Cintura/fisiologia , Fatores de Risco , Força Muscular , República da Coreia/epidemiologia
3.
Plant Signal Behav ; 16(2): 1850625, 2021 02 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33258709

RESUMO

Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis and ProACO2::GUS expression showed that ACO2 was highly expressed in the shoots of Arabidopsis seedlings under light conditions. Exogenously applied aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) enhanced the expression of ACO2, whereas Co2+ ions suppressed its expression. In comparison with wild-type seedlings, the ACO2 knockdown mutant aco2-1 produced less ethylene, which resulted in the inhibited growth of Arabidopsis seedlings. Exogenously applied brassinolide reduced the expression of ACO2. ACO2 expression was increased in det2, a brassinosteroid (BR)-deficient mutant; however, it was decreased in bes1-D, a brassinosteroid insensitive 1-EMS-suppressor 1 (BES1)-dominant mutant. In the putative promoter region of ACO2, 11 E-box sequences for BES1 binding but not BR regulatory element sequences for brassinazole-resistant 1 (BZR1) binding were found. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed that BES1 could directly bind to the E-boxes located in the putative promoter region of ACO4. Less ethylene was produced in bes1-D seedlings compared with wild-type seedlings, suggesting that the direct binding of BES1 to the ACO2 promoter may negatively regulate ACO2 expression to control the endogenous level of ethylene in Arabidopsis seedlings.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Brassinosteroides/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/metabolismo , Aminoácido Oxirredutases/metabolismo , Arabidopsis/genética , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/genética , Imunoprecipitação da Cromatina , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Etilenos/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas/genética , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas/fisiologia , Plântula/genética , Plântula/fisiologia
4.
Calcif Tissue Int ; 105(2): 205-214, 2019 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31025051

RESUMO

Stabilin-1 is a transmembrane receptor that regulates molecule recycling and cell homeostasis by controlling the intracellular trafficking and participates in cell-cell adhesion and transmigration. Stabilin-1 expression is observed in various organs, including bones; however, its function and regulatory mechanisms in the bone remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the physiological function of stabilin-1 in bone cells and tissue using a stabilin-1 knockout (Stab1 KO) mouse model. In wild-type (WT) mice, stabilin-1 was expressed in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and its expression was maintained during osteoblast differentiation but significantly decreased after osteoclast differentiation. There was no difference in osteoblast differentiation and function, or the expression of osteoblast differentiation markers between mesenchymal stem cells isolated from Stab1 KO and WT mice. However, osteoclast differentiation marker levels demonstrated a non-significant increase and bone-resorbing activity was significantly increased in vitro in RANKL-induced osteoclasts from Stab1-deficient bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) compared with those of WT BMMs. Microcomputed tomography showed a negligible difference between WT and Stab1 KO mice in bone volume and trabecular thickness and number. Moreover, no in vivo functional defect in bone formation by osteoblasts was observed in the Stab1 KO mice. The osteoclast surface and number showed an increased tendency in Stab1 KO mice compared to WT mice in vivo, but this difference was not statistically significant. Overall, these results indicate that Stab1 does not play an essential role in in vivo bone development and bone cell function, but it does affect in vitro osteoclast maturation and function for bone resorption.


Assuntos
Moléculas de Adesão Celular Neuronais/genética , Moléculas de Adesão Celular Neuronais/metabolismo , Osteoclastos/citologia , Animais , Células da Medula Óssea/citologia , Reabsorção Óssea , Osso e Ossos , Adesão Celular , Diferenciação Celular , Linhagem Celular , Movimento Celular , Feminino , Genótipo , Macrófagos/citologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Knockout , Osteoblastos/citologia , Osteócitos/citologia , Osteogênese , Microtomografia por Raio-X
5.
J Gastroenterol Hepatol ; 34(1): 84-91, 2019 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30221400

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIM: A high yield of biopsy is mandatory to perform molecular genetic research with endoscopically obtained gastric cancer tissues. We evaluated whether probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) can increase the yield of endoscopic biopsy for gastric cancer compared with white light endoscopy (WLE). METHODS: All lesions in the pCLE and WLE groups were initially evaluated through WLE. In the pCLE group, lesions were further examined through pCLE. In the pilot study, five and three biopsy specimens were obtained for histopathological examination and tumor marker analysis, respectively. In the confirmatory study, six biopsy specimens for histopathological evaluation were obtained. RESULTS: A total of 30 gastric cancers and 61 undifferentiated-type gastric cancers were analyzed in the pilot and confirmatory studies, respectively. The proportion of cancer cells in biopsy samples of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma or signet ring cell carcinoma was higher in the pCLE group than in the WLE group in both the pilot and confirmatory studies (pilot: median proportion, 65% vs 30%, P = 0.010; confirmatory: mean ± standard deviation, 49.5 ± 29.3 vs 29.3 ± 13.7, P = 0.002). The expression ratio of tumor markers including carcinoembryonic antigen, GW112, HOX transcript antisense RNA, and H19 tended to be higher in the pCLE group than in the WLE group. CONCLUSION: Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy-targeted biopsy provided superior results in terms of the proportion of cancer cells in biopsy samples compared with WLE-targeted biopsy in gastric cancer with undifferentiated histology.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Carcinoma de Células em Anel de Sinete/patologia , Endoscopia Gastrointestinal/métodos , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Adenocarcinoma/metabolismo , Adulto , Idoso , Antígeno Carcinoembrionário/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células em Anel de Sinete/metabolismo , Diferenciação Celular , Feminino , Fator Estimulador de Colônias de Granulócitos/metabolismo , Humanos , Biópsia Guiada por Imagem/métodos , Masculino , Microscopia Confocal , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gradação de Tumores , Projetos Piloto , RNA Longo não Codificante/metabolismo , Neoplasias Gástricas/metabolismo
6.
Mol Cells ; 41(10): 923-932, 2018 Oct 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30352493

RESUMO

Ethylene regulates numerous aspects of plant growth and development. Multiple external and internal factors coordinate ethylene production in plant tissues. Transcriptional and post-translational regulations of ACC synthases (ACSs), which are key enzymes mediating a rate-limiting step in ethylene biosynthesis have been well characterized. However, the regulation and physiological roles of ACC oxidases (ACOs) that catalyze the final step of ethylene biosynthesis are largely unknown in Arabidopsis. Here, we show that Arabidopsis ACO1 exhibits a tissue-specific expression pattern that is regulated by multiple signals, and plays roles in the lateral root development in Arabidopsis. Histochemical analysis of the ACO1 promoter indicated that ACO1 expression was largely modulated by light and plant hormones in a tissue-specific manner. We demonstrated that point mutations in two E-box motifs on the ACO1 promoter reduce the light-regulated expression patterns of ACO1. The aco1-1 mutant showed reduced ethylene production in root tips compared to wild-type. In addition, aco1-1 displayed altered lateral root formation. Our results suggest that Arabidopsis ACO1 integrates various signals into the ethylene biosynthesis that is required for ACO1's intrinsic roles in root physiology.


Assuntos
Arabidopsis/genética , Etilenos/biossíntese , Etilenos/metabolismo , Raízes de Plantas/genética
7.
Thromb Haemost ; 118(10): 1776-1789, 2018 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30235477

RESUMO

Sepsis develops because of overwhelming inflammatory responses to bacterial infection, and disrupts vascular integrity. Stabilin-1 (STAB-1) is a phagocytic receptor, which mediates efferocytosis in a phosphatidylserine (PS)-dependent manner. STAB-1 is expected to play important roles in efferocytosis during sepsis. Here, we determined the role of STAB-1 in maintaining and restoring vascular integrity. Macrophages and vascular endothelial cells were used to assess the effect of STAB-1 on survival rate, phagocytic activity, vascular permeability and transendothelial migration (TEM). Additionally, we investigated whether the high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)-receptor for advanced glycated end products complex interfered with the binding of Stab1 to PS. Mortality rate was higher in the Stab1-knockout mice than in the wild-type mice, and STAB-1 deficiency was related to reduced macrophage-mediated efferocytosis and the disruption of vascular integrity, which increased vascular permeability, and enhanced TEM. STAB-1 deficiency promoted lung injury, and elevated the expression of sepsis markers. The exogenous application of the anti-HMGB1 neutralizing antibody improved efferocytosis, vascular integrity and survival rate in sepsis. Collectively, our findings indicated that STAB-1 regulated and maintained vascular integrity through the clearance of infected apoptotic endothelial cells. Moreover, our results suggested that interventions targeting vascular integrity by STAB-1 signalling are promising therapeutic approaches to sepsis.


Assuntos
Moléculas de Adesão Celular Neuronais/metabolismo , Endotélio Vascular/fisiologia , Inflamação/imunologia , Macrófagos/fisiologia , Sepse/imunologia , Animais , Permeabilidade Capilar , Moléculas de Adesão Celular Neuronais/genética , Feminino , Proteína HMGB1/metabolismo , Células Endoteliais da Veia Umbilical Humana , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Knockout , Fagocitose , Fosfatidilserinas/metabolismo , Migração Transendotelial e Transepitelial
8.
Intest Res ; 16(3): 358-365, 2018 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30090034

RESUMO

In the past two decades, besides conventional adenoma pathway, a subset of colonic lesions, including hyperplastic polyps, sessile serrated adenoma/polyps, and traditional serrated adenomas have been suggested as precancerous lesions via the alternative serrated neoplasia pathway. Major molecular alterations of sessile serrated neoplasia include BRAF mutation, high CpG island methylator phenotype, and escape of cellular senescence and progression via methylation of tumor suppressor genes or mismatch repair genes. With increasing information of the morphologic and molecular features of serrated lesions, one major challenge is how to reflect this knowledge in clinical practice, such as pathologic and endoscopic diagnosis, and guidelines for treatment and surveillance.

9.
Surg Endosc ; 32(4): 2046-2057, 2018 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29052072

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The treatment of intramucosal early gastric cancer with undifferentiated-type histologies (UD-EGCs) using endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is controversial. This study aimed to compare the clinical and oncologic long-term outcomes of ESD and surgery for UD-EGCs. METHODS: A prospectively collected database of patients who underwent ESD or surgery between January 2006 and December 2012 was established. Patients who diagnosed with UD-EGC and satisfied the expanded indications of ESD were included. Clinical data from 111 patients treated with ESD and 382 patients underwent surgery were analyzed, and 1-1 propensity score-matched 81 pairs of patients were also compared. RESULTS: In both groups, two-thirds of the UD-EGCs had signet ring cell (SRC)-type histology and about 90% of UD-EGCs were flat or depressed types. The mean size of tumors was smaller in ESD group (9.7 vs. 13.2 mm; P < 0.001). After propensity score-matched, case-matching covariates were not significantly different between the groups. Disease-free survival (DFS) was significantly shorter in the ESD group, but overall survival (OS) was not different between the two groups both in overall comparison (DFS; P < 0.001 and OS; P = 0.078) and propensity score-matched analysis (DFS; P < 0.001 and OS; P = 0.850). According to histologic type, OS of SRC histology was not different between the group, both in overall comparison and propensity score-matched analysis (P = 0.286 and P = 0.210). On the other hands, OS of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma was significantly shorter in ESD group in overall comparison (P = 0.007), but was not as so in propensity score-matched analysis (P = 0.088). CONCLUSIONS: ESD might be a complementary option for the treatment of UD-EGCs, especially in those with SRC-type histology based on strict expanded indications. Nonetheless, close endoscopic surveillance is required because of a high incidence of intragastric recurrence.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/cirurgia , Carcinoma de Células em Anel de Sinete/cirurgia , Ressecção Endoscópica de Mucosa , Gastrectomia , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirurgia , Adenocarcinoma/mortalidade , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Idoso , Carcinoma de Células em Anel de Sinete/mortalidade , Carcinoma de Células em Anel de Sinete/patologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pontuação de Propensão , Estudos Retrospectivos , Neoplasias Gástricas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Análise de Sobrevida , Resultado do Tratamento
10.
Clin Endosc ; 51(1): 95-98, 2018 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28835091

RESUMO

Gastric cancer with double metastasis to the orbit and duodenum is extremely rare. We report the case of a patient with gastric adenocarcinoma who presented with synchronous orbital and duodenal metastases at the time of initial diagnosis. A 60-year-old man presented with a 1-month history of visual disorder and pain in his right eye. He underwent ophthalmological examinations. The biopsy results suggested intraocular metastatic carcinoma. We conducted a systemic evaluation to identify primary malignancy. Finally, a diagnosis of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma with multi-organ metastasis was made. He planned to be treated with systemic chemotherapy.

11.
J Obstet Gynaecol Res ; 40(2): 545-53, 2014 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24125036

RESUMO

AIM: To identify commonly occurring DNA copy number alterations in Korean cervical cancers. METHODS: DNA copy number alteration was screened by whole-genome array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analysis. For the array CGH discovery, genomic DNA from five cervical cancers and 10 normal cervical tissues were examined. For the independent validation of the most significant chromosomal alteration (1p36.22, PGD gene), 40 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded cervical tissue samples were collected; 10 of them were used for quantitative polymerase chain reaction and the other 30 samples were used for immunohistochemical analysis. Chromosomal segments differently distributed between cancers and normal controls were determined to be recurrently altered regions (RAR). RESULTS: A total of 13 RAR (11 RAR losses and two RAR gains) were defined in this study. Of the 13 cervical cancer-specific RAR, RAR gain in the 1p36.22 locus where the PGD gene is located was the most commonly detected in cancers (P = 0.004). In the quantitative polymerase chain reaction replication, copy number gain of the PGD gene was consistently identified in cervical cancers but not in the normal tissues (P = 0.02). In immunohistochemical analysis, PGD expression was significantly higher in cervical cancers than normal tissues (P = 0.02). CONCLUSION: Our results will be helpful to understand cervical carcinogenesis, and the PGD gene can be a useful biomarker of cervical cancer.


Assuntos
Variações do Número de Cópias de DNA , Dosagem de Genes , Fosfogluconato Desidrogenase/genética , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/genética , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Cromossomos Humanos Par 1/genética , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fosfogluconato Desidrogenase/análise , República da Coreia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/química
12.
Chem Commun (Camb) ; (31): 4735-7, 2009 Aug 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19641826

RESUMO

We have successfully developed a fluoride ion probe for fluorescence cell bioimaging-desirable properties include retention of the fluorophore inside cells, non-cytotoxicity to mammalian cells, appreciable solubility in water, and stoichiometric reaction with analytes.


Assuntos
Compostos de Bifenilo/química , Carcinoma , Cumarínicos/química , Corantes Fluorescentes/química , Fluoretos/análise , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Água/química , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Fluoretos/química , Humanos , Estrutura Molecular , Solubilidade
13.
Appl Radiat Isot ; 67(7-8): 1173-9, 2009.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19303311

RESUMO

Perpendicular neutrons (i.e., solid angle bin of 50-150 degrees ) among ones generated from (7)Li(p,n)(7)Be reaction were used to produce an optimized therapeutic neutron beam for accelerator-based BNCT. A new beam port assembly was also designed to shape the fast neutrons into epithermal ones and to reduce unnecessary radiation including gammas. As a result of a simulation, it is found that a tumor at a depth of 60mm from the head skin could be treated within 5 minutes, if a typical tumor is assumed to be taken about 20RBEGy for therapeutic treatment. It is, thus, expected that the neutrons emitted into the solid angle bin of 50-150 degrees from (7)Li(p,n)(7)Be reaction are very effective in producing epithermal neutron beams for BNCT.


Assuntos
Berílio/química , Terapia por Captura de Nêutron de Boro/métodos , Lítio/química , Planejamento da Radioterapia Assistida por Computador , Neoplasias Encefálicas/terapia , Simulação por Computador , Humanos , Nêutrons
15.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry ; 110(1-4): 661-7, 2004.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15353727

RESUMO

A BNCT (Boron Neutron Capture Therapy) treatment planning system (BTPS) was developed for BNCT study and treatment planning. Three kinds of CT images, VHP, PINNACLE and DICOM images, were employed to make voxel phantoms for BNCT patient treatment using the BTPS. The thermal neutron, fast neutron, gamma and boron doses are calculated and background, tissue, and tumour doses for idealised standard reactor neutron field (ISRNF) neutron beam were calculated by using BTPS and MCNP code. It was noted that the total computing times needed for BNCT analysis could be greatly reduced since the BTPS system provides a dose analysis tool and a lengthy MCNP input in a short time. It is, thus, expected that the BTPS can significantly contribute the BNCT study for the treatment of patients.


Assuntos
Algoritmos , Terapia por Captura de Nêutron de Boro/métodos , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Encefálicas/radioterapia , Proteção Radiológica/métodos , Radiometria/métodos , Planejamento da Radioterapia Assistida por Computador/métodos , Carga Corporal (Radioterapia) , Humanos , Método de Monte Carlo , Nêutrons/uso terapêutico , Imagens de Fantasmas , Interpretação de Imagem Radiográfica Assistida por Computador/métodos , Dosagem Radioterapêutica , Eficiência Biológica Relativa , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Medição de Risco/métodos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Processamento de Sinais Assistido por Computador , Software , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Interface Usuário-Computador
17.
J Biol Chem ; 277(47): 44778-83, 2002 Nov 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12237299

RESUMO

DnaK, the Hsp70 chaperone of Escherichia coli interacts with protein substrates in an ATP-dependent manner, in conjunction with DnaJ and GrpE co-chaperones, to carry out protein folding, protein remodeling, and assembly and disassembly of multisubunit protein complexes. To understand how DnaJ targets specific proteins for recognition by the DnaK chaperone system, we investigated the interaction of DnaJ and DnaK with a known natural substrate, bacteriophage P1 RepA protein. By characterizing RepA deletion derivatives, we found that DnaJ interacts with a region of RepA located between amino acids 180 and 200 of the 286-amino acid protein. A peptide corresponding to amino acids 180-195 inhibited the interaction of RepA and DnaJ. Two site-directed RepA mutants with alanine substitutions in this region were about 4-fold less efficiently activated for oriP1 DNA binding by DnaJ and DnaK than wild type RepA. We also identified by deletion analysis a site in RepA, in the region of amino acids 35-49, which interacts with DnaK. An alanine substitution mutant in amino acids 36-39 was constructed and found defective in activation by DnaJ and DnaK. Taken together the results suggest that DnaJ and DnaK interact with separate sites on RepA.


Assuntos
DNA Helicases , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Proteínas de Choque Térmico HSP70/metabolismo , Proteínas de Choque Térmico/metabolismo , Chaperonas Moleculares/metabolismo , Proteínas/metabolismo , Transativadores , Alanina/metabolismo , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Sítios de Ligação , DNA/metabolismo , Replicação do DNA/fisiologia , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/metabolismo , Proteínas de Choque Térmico HSP40 , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Mutagênese Sítio-Dirigida , Peptídeos/genética , Peptídeos/metabolismo , Ligação Proteica , Proteínas/genética , Origem de Replicação
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