RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Ischemic colitis (IC) is a known significant complication after repair of a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA). Lower endoscopy (colonoscopy or flexible sigmoidoscopy) is a helpful adjunct to aid decision making for surgical exploration. We believe routine use of lower endoscopy after rAAA repair provides better patient care through expeditious diagnosis and surgical care. METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of rAAA repairs from 2008 to 2019. All patients undergo screening lower endoscopy after rAAA repair at our institution. The incidence of IC, mortality, and diagnostic characteristics of routine lower endoscopy was analyzed. RESULTS: Of these, 182 patients underwent rAAA repair, among which 139 (76%) underwent routine lower endoscopy. Ischemic colitis of any grade was diagnosed in 25% of patients. The 30-day mortality was 11% compared to 19% in those without lower endoscopy. The presence of IC portended a 4-fold increase in mortality rate compared to those without (26% vs 6%, P = .005). Surgical exploration rate was 8% after routine lower endoscopy. Grade III ischemia on lower endoscopy had a sensitivity of 50% (95% CI 12-88) and specificity of 99% (95% CI 94-100) for transmural necrosis. DISCUSSION: We found increased incidence of IC and reliable diagnostic characteristics of routine lower endoscopy in predicting the presence of transmural colonic ischemia. There was decreased mortality with use of routine lower endoscopy but this was not statistically significant.
Assuntos
Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal , Ruptura Aórtica , Colite Isquêmica , Procedimentos Endovasculares , Humanos , Colite Isquêmica/etiologia , Colite Isquêmica/cirurgia , Colite Isquêmica/diagnóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Isquemia/etiologia , Sigmoidoscopia/efeitos adversos , Ruptura Aórtica/complicações , Resultado do Tratamento , Procedimentos Endovasculares/efeitos adversos , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Pediatric cervical spine injury (PCSI) in children is rare. Incidence of PCSI requiring intervention is not known, and imaging practices for screening in United States trauma centers are not well described. METHODS: The 2016 NTDB was queried for patients younger than 15â¯years with PCSI. Incidence of PCSI, operative interventions, and imaging rates were analyzed by age and ACS accreditation status. RESULTS: Of 84,554 children, 873 (1.03%) had PCSI. Patients <4â¯years were less likely to have PCSI (0.68% vs. 1.1%, RR 0.59, pâ¯<â¯0.001). 165 children (0.20%) required an intervention for PCSI. 12.8% of all children were screened for PCSI with imaging, 9.3% with CT, and 3.2% with plain X-rays. In spite of similar injury and intervention rates, stand-alone pediatric trauma centers were less likely than others to image patients without PCSI (11% vs. 13% pâ¯<â¯0.001), less likely to utilize CT scan (5.8% vs. 10.6% pâ¯<â¯0.001) and more likely to utilize plain films (5.2% vs. 2.4% pâ¯<â¯0.001). CONCLUSION: Despite exceedingly low rates of PSCI requiring intervention (0.2%), imaging rates for screening are significant. Stand-alone pediatric trauma centers outperform others in limiting unnecessary imaging. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.
Assuntos
Traumatismos da Coluna Vertebral , Ferimentos não Penetrantes , Vértebras Cervicais/diagnóstico por imagem , Vértebras Cervicais/lesões , Vértebras Cervicais/cirurgia , Criança , Humanos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Traumatismos da Coluna Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Traumatismos da Coluna Vertebral/epidemiologia , Traumatismos da Coluna Vertebral/cirurgia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Centros de Traumatologia , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) comprise less than 1% of all sarcomas. The rarity of this disease has resulted in a paucity of information about disease process and management. This study sought to evaluate the incidence, treatment patterns, and outcomes among patients with PNET. METHODS: The National Cancer Database was queried for diagnoses of PNET between 2004 and 2014. Patients were dichotomized based on tumor type (central [cPNET] vs peripheral [pPNET]). Demographic, tumor, treatment, and outcome variables were analyzed for the entire patient cohort and by type of PNET. RESULTS: White (86.4%) males (56.6%) represented the majority of patients. The incidence of PNET remained stable over the study period (r2 = 0.0821). A total of 70.7% underwent surgical resection of the primary site, 50.3% received radiation, and 74.7% received systemic chemotherapy. Compared to those with pPNET, patients with cPNET more often received radiation treatment (P < .001), primary tumor resection (P < .001), and experienced increased 90-day mortality (P < .014). CONCLUSION: cPNET and pPNET are rare and aggressive malignancies that tend to arise in White males. Multimodal treatment including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation is conventional. Patients with cPNET more often receive radiation and primary tumor resection with increased 90-day mortality.