Factors influencing the length of stay in the moroccan intensive care unit in patients surviving critical COVID-19 infection.

Introduction: our objective is to determine the factors that influence the length of hospitalization of patients admitted to an intensive care unit. Methods: We have conducted a mono-centric retrospective cohort of 417 patients admitted in intensive care unit for a critical infection by COVID-19, for this purpose we have realized an analytical study using the linear regression model. Results: In our study, the average length of hospitalization for a critical infection with COVID-19 is 6 days (SD = 7Days), regarding the factors that influence the length of hospitalization, the length of time between the consultation and the onset of symptoms higher thann 8 days affects the length of hospitalization (coefficient = 1.2 days; CI = 0.769; 2.102 and pValue = 0.009), the presence of obesity which also affects the length of hospitalization (Coefficient = 1.6 days CI ((0.009; 3.265), and pValue = 0.049). During hospitalization, the use of mechanical ventilation, the use of tocilizumab, having a billateral nosocomial pneumonia are all factors that impact the length of hospitalization. Conclusion: It is recommended to emphasize the importance of early consultation after the onset of respiratory symptoms in the patients who are admitted to the intensive care unit in order to improve the length of their stay.

A very rare case of chylomicronemia revealed by cerebral thrombophlebitis in a 4-month-old infant.

INTRODUCTION: Hyperchylomicronemia is a disorder of lipid's metabolism that can present fatal complications such us such venous or arterial thrombosis, pancreatitis, and cardiovascular incidents. CASE PRESENTATION: In this report case we report a 4months old patient who was admitted in the emergency room for hypotonia and during the blood sampling we were surprised by the macroscopic latescent aspect of the blood. During the investigations we found that the patient had a fatty cerebral venous thrombosis that revealed hyperchylomicronemia. Furthermore, the patient presented tuberculosis cerebral abscess and stage A pancreatitis and was successfully treated. DISCUSSION: Primary hypertriglyceridemia results from the accumulation of genes polymorphisms encoding for proteins involved in the triglycerides metabolism but before thinking about primary origin a secondary one should be pushed aside. Biological investigations should test lipoprotein lipase activity that can be absent or reduced to confirm a lipid disorder, then lipoprotein electrophoresis and genetic study can deliver the diagnosis. The management of this disease is based on low fat diet that should not be over than 25-30g per day, also statin, fibrate, omega 3 acid, heparin and insulin can be used. CONCLSUION: Adequate treatment and exploration permits to obtain the optimum care to avoid any complications.

Special case of a patient in the blast phase of chronic myeloid leukemia successfully treated with tocilizumab during critical SARS-CoV-2 infection.

The medical care of patients with hematological malignancies who develop coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a major challenge during the current pandemic. We herein describe a patient in the blast phase of chronic myeloid leukemia who was hospitalized for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The patient was successfully treated with tocilizumab, and intubation was avoided. The severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection is mostly related to a severe acute respiratory distress syndrome that develops secondary to cytokine release syndrome, and interleukin 6 is the main cytokine involved in cytokine release syndrome. Very few reports have described the use of tocilizumab in patients with hematologic malignancies who develop SARS-CoV-2 infection, although a few cases of patients with multiple myeloma have been reported. To our knowledge, however, this is the first report of a SARS-CoV-2-infected patient in the blast phase of chronic myeloid leukemia who had a favorable response to treatment with tocilizumab. The management of patients with hematological malignancies who become infected with SARS-CoV-2 is a major challenge for practitioners, necessitating more specific research in this direction.

Consider systemic capillary leak syndrome in monoclonal gammopathy with shock.

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: The cappilary leacking syndrome is a very rare disease that can be idiopathic (clarkson syndrome) or secondary to other pathologys. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of 37-year-old women who was admitted in the emergency room for a hemodynamic shock of neither cardiac nor septic cause, and the patient wasn't presenting any bleeding. The investigations showed that the diagnosis was a Clarkson syndrome crisis and the patient was having supportive treatment containing fluid therapy, vasoactive drugs, and ECMO. And died after 48h of hospitalization. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: the cappilary leacking syndrome is a very fatal affection, its physiopathologis remains unknown. It evoluate by crisis made by hypotension and anasarca, in severe cases it is presented as fatal hypovolemic schock. Biological investigations show hemoconcentration associated with hypoalbunemia which is pathognomonic of the disease. The treatment is essentially based on crisis treatment support by fluid therapy, vasoactives drugs, some practicien report the use of theophilyn for prevention but without any proven efficiency. CONCLUSION: For all this reasons we are in the obligation of investing in fundamental studies to better understand this fatal disease.

Severe hepatic impairment after sevoflurane anesthesia in a 10-month-old child: Case report.

INTRODUCTION: Like other halogenated agents, sevoflurane can potentially cause a toxic reaction including severe hepatic failure which can lead to the death of the patient. However, Halogen immuno-allergic hepatitis is a very rare complication of anesthesia. We reported a 10 months' child who presented a severe hepatic injury after sevoflurane exposure. CASE MANAGEMENT: A 10-month-old child was scheduled for acute intussusception anesthesia, induction was done with sevoflurane and propofol while maintenance of anesthesia was provided by sevoflurane alone. Three days after the operation, he was developed jaundice and altered general condition. A dramatic increase in liver enzymes was observed. The evolution was marked by an alteration of his consciousness and his hemodynamic state, he was intubated. Without improvement, the patient died on the 4th postoperative day. The autopsy was refused by the family. CONCLUSION: These results underscore the need findings for a global and comprehensive understanding of the potential hepatotoxicity of exposure to volatile anesthetics including sevoflurane in infants and its long-term side effects which can be fatal.

Multiple cranial nerve palsies revealing blast crisis in patient with chronic myeloid leukemia in the accelerated phase under nilotinib during severe infection with SARS-COV-19 virus: Case report and review of literature.

Since the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors as primary therapy for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), the prognosis of these patients has improved significantly, and the number of patients who progress to the blast phase has decreased considerably. We report the case of a 35 year-old CML patient in accelerated phase treated with nilotinib, who presents a severe COVID-19 infection requiring non-invasive ventilation, and who subsequently presents a multiple cranial nerve palsy revealing a blast crisis of his CML. Multiple cranial nerve palsy is a sign of neurological involvement of CML in its blast phase. The blast crisis represents a real challenge for the clinician, especially during COVID-19 infection. The treatment remains the association of a tyrosine kinase inhibitors with a chemotherapy protocol, as well as the administration of methotrexate and cytarabine by intrathecal and intravenous infusion in high doses. Despite the importance of the association of CML with COVID-19 infection, there is not yet enough data to know the true impact of this infection on the evolution of this hemopathy.