RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Napoleon died of a cancer of the stomach. Another assumption can be proposed, that of an uronéphrologique pathology. MATERIAL AND METHOD: It is about a historical study basing on the report of autopsy of Antommarchi and the assumptions formulated according to the urinary and nephrologic symptoms presented during his life. RESULTS: Napoleon presented signs of nephropathy in a probable context of metabolic syndrome and many signs of dysurie early on probable stricture of the urethra related to the intensive practice of horse. CONCLUSION: The urethra of Napoleon led France of the empire to the republic.
Assuntos
Pessoas Famosas , Síndrome Metabólica/história , Estreitamento Uretral/história , França , História do Século XIX , Humanos , Nefropatias/diagnóstico , Nefropatias/história , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólica/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Gástricas/história , Estreitamento Uretral/diagnósticoRESUMO
Male urethral stricture disease is prevalent and has an important impact on quality of life. Direct visual urethrotomy and dilatations have high rates of recurrence. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this review of literature was to evaluate the success rates of different techniques of urethroplasty for strictures of the bulbar urethra. METHODS: We performed a systematic review of the MEDLINE literature from 2004 to 2015 following the PRISMA's statement recommendations. Key words were: urethroplasty, urethral reconstruction, onlay, graft, urethral stricture. Inclusion criteria were original articles describing the results of urethroplasty for bulbar urethral stricture in an adult male population. A minimum follow-up of 24 months was required. RESULTS: From 891 articles of the literature, 20 are studied in this review. Only 3 studies were prospective. The success rate of anastomotic urethroplasty varied from 68.7 to 98.8% for strictures from 1 to 3.5cm, from 60 to 96.9% for augmented urethroplasty performed for strictures from 4.2 to 4.7cm. Substitution urethroplasty with grafts presented from 75 to 89.8% of success for strictures from 2.6 and 4.36cm. Overall, 19/20 studies used buccal mucosal graft. CONCLUSION: The success rate of urethroplasty for bulbar urethral stricture is high; the surgical technique should be adapted to the length of the stricture.