RESUMO
Plasmonic photothermal therapy (PPTT) using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) has shown great potential for use in selective tumor treatment, because the AuNPs can generate destructive heat preferentially upon irradiation. However, PPTT using AuNPs has not been added to practice, owing to insufficient heating methods and tissue temperature measurement techniques, leading to unreliable and inaccurate treatments. Because the photothermal properties of AuNPs vary with laser power, particle optical density, and tissue depth, the accurate prediction of heat generation is indispensable for clinical treatment. In this report, bioprinted 3D complex tissue constructs comprising processed gel obtained from porcine skin and human decellularized adipose tissue are presented for characterization of the photothermal properties of gold nanorods (AuNRs) having an aspect ratio of 3.7 irradiated by a near-infrared laser. Moreover, an analytical function is suggested for achieving PPTT that can cause thermal damage selectively on early-stage human breast cancer by regulating the heat generation of the AuNRs in the tissue.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Nanopartículas Metálicas , Nanotubos , Neoplasias da Mama/terapia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Feminino , Ouro , Humanos , Nanopartículas Metálicas/uso terapêutico , FototerapiaRESUMO
Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is responsible for nonshivering thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT). UCP1 increases the conductance of the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) for protons to make BAT mitochondria generate heat rather than ATP. HDAC6 is a cytosolic deacetylase for non-histone substrates to regulate various cellular processes, including mitochondrial quality control and dynamics. Here, we showed that the body temperature of HDAC6 knockout mice is slightly decreased in normal hosing condition. Interestingly, UCP1 was downregulated in BAT of HDAC6 knockout mice, which extensively linked mitochondrial thermogenesis. Mechanistically, we showed that cAMP-PKA signaling plays a key role in HDAC6-dependent UCP1 expression. Notably, the size of brown adipocytes and lipid droplets in HDAC6 knockout BAT is increased. Taken together, our findings suggested that HDAC6 contributes to mitochondrial thermogenesis in BAT by increasing UCP1 expression through cAMP-PKA signaling pathway.
Assuntos
Adipócitos Marrons/metabolismo , Proteínas Quinases Dependentes de AMP Cíclico/metabolismo , Ativação Enzimática , Desacetilase 6 de Histona/metabolismo , Termogênese , Proteína Desacopladora 1/genética , Tecido Adiposo Marrom/fisiologia , Animais , Células Cultivadas , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Desacetilase 6 de Histona/genética , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Knockout , Mitocôndrias/genética , Mitocôndrias/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais , Proteína Desacopladora 1/metabolismoRESUMO
We investigate morphological differences in three-dimensional (3-D) images with cellular resolution between nonmelanoma skin cancer and normal skin using Gabor domain optical coherence microscopy. As a result, we show for the first time cellular optical coherence images of 3-D features differentiating cancerous skin from normal skin. In addition, in vivo volumetric images of normal skin from different anatomic locations are shown and compared.
Assuntos
Dermoscopia/métodos , Interpretação de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Imageamento Tridimensional/métodos , Microscopia/métodos , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Pele/patologia , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica/métodos , Algoritmos , Aumento da Imagem/métodos , Melanoma/patologia , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
We report in-vivo volumetric optical coherence microscopy images of the skin, with resolution at the cellular level. With resolution of 2 µm both laterally and axially, structures below the skin as deep as 1 mm may be imaged at various anatomic locations. Custom optical instrumentation was designed, built, and integrated to achieve this unprecedented optical imaging resolution, in three dimensions, at clinically feasible configuration and speed.
Assuntos
Biópsia , Simulação por Computador , Imageamento Tridimensional/métodos , Microscopia , Pele , Humanos , Modelos AnatômicosRESUMO
This paper reports on the computational simulation and modeling of an in vitro alveolar construct system along the optical coherence microscopy (OCM) methods for visualizing engineered tissue. The optical imaging methods will be compared to immunohistochemical light microscopy samples of engineered alveolar constructs. Results show depth images of the alveolar tissue construct for a bilayer construct, as well as predictions of the gas exchange process in a simple model of a bio-reactor hosting the construct.