RESUMO
Background and Purpose: Patients with acute stroke are often accompanied by comorbidities, such as active cancer. However, adequate treatment guidelines are not available for these patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between cancer and the outcomes of reperfusion therapy in patients with stroke. Methods: We compared treatment outcomes in patients who underwent reperfusion therapy, using a nationwide reperfusion therapy registry. We divided the patients into 3 groups according to cancer activity: active cancer, nonactive cancer, and without a history of cancer. We investigated reperfusion processes, 24-hour neurological improvement, adverse events, 3-month functional outcome, and 6-month survival and related factors after reperfusion therapy. Results: Among 1338 patients who underwent reperfusion therapy, 62 patients (4.6%) had active cancer, 78 patients (5.8%) had nonactive cancer, and 1198 patients (89.5%) had no history of cancer. Of the enrolled patients, 969 patients received intravenous thrombolysis and 685 patients underwent endovascular treatment (316 patients received combined therapy). Patients with active cancer had more comorbidities and experienced more severe strokes; however, they showed similar 24-hour neurological improvement and adverse events, including cerebral hemorrhage, compared with the other groups. Although the functional outcome at 3 months was poorer than the other groups, 36.4% of patients with active cancer showed functional independence. Additionally, 52.9% of the patients with determined stroke etiology showed functional independence despite active cancer. During the 6-month follow-up, 46.6% of patients with active cancer died, and active cancer was independently associated with poor survival (hazard ratio, 3.973 [95% CI, 2.5286.245]). Conclusions: In patients with active cancer, reperfusion therapy showed similar adverse events and short-term outcomes to that of other groups. While long-term prognosis was worse in the active cancer group than the nonactive cancer groups, not negligible number of patients had good functional outcomes, especially those with determined stroke mechanisms.
Assuntos
Procedimentos Endovasculares , Trombólise Mecânica , Neoplasias , Sistema de Registros , Reperfusão , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias/complicações , Neoplasias/mortalidade , Neoplasias/cirurgia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/etiologia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/mortalidade , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/cirurgia , Taxa de SobrevidaAssuntos
Encéfalo/microbiologia , Encéfalo/patologia , Infarto da Artéria Cerebral Anterior/microbiologia , Infarto da Artéria Cerebral Anterior/patologia , Tuberculose do Sistema Nervoso Central/complicações , Tuberculose do Sistema Nervoso Central/patologia , Artéria Cerebral Anterior/microbiologia , Artéria Cerebral Anterior/patologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/administração & dosagem , Antituberculosos/administração & dosagem , Encéfalo/irrigação sanguínea , Dexametasona/administração & dosagem , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Infarto da Artéria Cerebral Anterior/tratamento farmacológico , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Falha de Tratamento , Tuberculose do Sistema Nervoso Central/tratamento farmacológico , Tuberculose Meníngea/complicações , Tuberculose Meníngea/tratamento farmacológico , Tuberculose Meníngea/patologia , Vasculite do Sistema Nervoso Central/tratamento farmacológico , Vasculite do Sistema Nervoso Central/microbiologia , Vasculite do Sistema Nervoso Central/patologiaRESUMO
A sulfur compound, bis(4-hydroxybenzyl)sulfide (1) was isolated from the root extract of Pleuropterus ciliinervis. Its structure was elucidated using NMR spectroscopic techniques and mass spectrometric analysis. Compound 1 showed potent inhibitory activity in a histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzyme assay. It also exhibited growth inhibitory activity on five human tumor cell lines and more sensitive inhibitory activity on the MDA-MB-231 breast tumor cell line.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/química , Inibidores Enzimáticos/síntese química , Histona Desacetilases/química , Extratos Vegetais/metabolismo , Sulfetos/química , Compostos de Enxofre/química , Enxofre/química , Antineoplásicos/síntese química , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Inibidores Enzimáticos/química , Inibidores de Histona Desacetilases , Humanos , Espectrometria de Massas/métodos , Modelos Químicos , Raízes de Plantas/metabolismo , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Sais de Tetrazólio/química , Tiazóis/químicaRESUMO
During our investigation of the neuroprotective activity of Platycodi radix we found that an aqueous extract of this folk medicine exhibited significant protection against glutamate-induced toxicity in primary cultured rat cortical cells. In order to clarify the neuroprotective mechanism(s) of this observed effect, activity-guided isolation was performed to seek and identify active fractions and components. By such fractionation, four known triterpene saponin compounds--platycodins A, C and D and deapioplatycodin D--were isolated from the n-butanol fraction. Among these four compounds, platycodin A exhibited significant neuroprotective activities against glutamate-induced toxicity, exhibiting cell viability of about 50%, at concentrations ranging from 0.1 microM to 10 microM. Therefore, the neuroprotective effect of Platycodi radix might be due to the inhibition of glutamate-induced toxicity by the saponin compounds it contains.
Assuntos
Campanulaceae/química , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/farmacologia , Saponinas/farmacologia , Triterpenos/farmacologia , Animais , Células Cultivadas , Cromatografia em Gel , Cromatografia por Troca Iônica , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Ratos , Espectrofotometria UltravioletaRESUMO
The major constituents from the fruits of Maclura pomifera are the prenylated isoflavones, osajin (1) and pomiferin (2). Their structures were elucidated using NMR spectroscopic techniques and mass spectrometric analysis. Compound 2 showed potential inhibitory activity in histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzyme assay. It also exhibited growth inhibitory activity on five human tumor cell lines and more sensitive inhibitory activity on the HCT-15 colon tumor cell line. Further structure-activity relationships of position 3 on ring B from aromatic ring will be reported in due course.
Assuntos
Benzopiranos/farmacologia , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Inibidores de Histona Desacetilases , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Benzopiranos/isolamento & purificação , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Inibidores Enzimáticos/isolamento & purificação , Frutas , Humanos , Isoflavonas , Maclura/metabolismo , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
To investigate abnormal cerebral perfusion in narcoleptics with cataplexy, 25 narcoleptics with cataplexy and 25 normal controls were enrolled in this study. Cerebral perfusion was measured by brain single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) using 99mTc-ethylcysteinate dimer. Patients and normal controls had not received any medication prior to the SPECT scan. Differences in cerebral perfusion between narcoleptics and normal controls were subjected to statistical parametric mapping (SPM) analysis. Overnight polysomnography and multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) were performed in all patients. Brain SPECT was carried out on all patients and normal controls during the waking state. Clinical symptoms and MSLT results of all patients are in accord with the International Classification of Sleep Disorders criteria for narcolepsy. MSLT showed a short mean sleep latency (1.69 +/- 1.0 min) and 2-5 sleep onset REM periods in individual patient. SPM analysis of brain SPECT showed hypoperfusion of the bilateral anterior hypothalami, caudate nuclei, and pulvinar nuclei of thalami, parts of the dorsolateral/ventromedial prefrontal cortices, parahippocampal gyri, and cingulate gyri in narcoleptics [P < 0.05 by Student's t test with false discovery rate (FDR) correction]. Significant hypoperfusion in the white matter of frontal and parietal lobes was also noted in narcoleptics. This study shows reduced cerebral perfusion in subcortical structures and cortical areas in narcoleptics. The distribution of abnormal cerebral perfusion is concordant with the pathway of the cerebral hypocretin system and may explain the characteristic features of narcolepsy, i.e., cataplexy, emotional lability, and attention deficit.
Assuntos
Cataplexia/fisiopatologia , Transtornos Cerebrovasculares/fisiopatologia , Narcolepsia/fisiopatologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Mapeamento Encefálico , Cataplexia/diagnóstico por imagem , Núcleo Caudado/diagnóstico por imagem , Transtornos Cerebrovasculares/diagnóstico por imagem , Cisteína/análogos & derivados , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Feminino , Humanos , Hipotálamo/diagnóstico por imagem , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Narcolepsia/diagnóstico por imagem , Compostos de Organotecnécio , Polissonografia , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos , Sono/efeitos dos fármacos , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão de Fóton ÚnicoRESUMO
The involvement of the nervous system in Kikuchi's disease (KD) is rare. Although some reports of meningeal involvement in KD were described in the literature from Japan, it has rarely been reported in Korea. A 23-year-old man presented with severe headache, fever, and vomiting. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed an opening pressure 300 mmH(2)O, WBC 283/mm(3), glucose 44 mg/dl and protein 86 mg/dl. Multiple tender lymph nodes on the left anterior neck were found on the 9(th) day of his hospital stay. The lymph node biopsy disclosed histopathologic features typical of KD. We report a patient with KD accompanied by aseptic meningitis, emphasizing the importance of recognizing this disorder in diagnosing patients with meningitis.